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The molecular landscape: the targets and how often each appears, the pathways, the mechanics stages and the preclinical models.
The targets of this cancer's medicines and the ones linked to it directly.
| Target / alteration | Prevalence | Measure | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TP53 cBioPortal: 404 of 484, 83.5%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 149 of 178, 83.7%, in lusc_tcga_pub; 102 of 108, 94.4%, in lusc_cptac_2021. The founding paper reported mutation of TP53 in nearly all specimens, alongside a mean of 360 exonic mutations, 165 genomic rearrangements and 323 segments of copy-number change per tumour (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2012). | 83-94% | Mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| HER3 EGFR-mutant NSCLC in HERTHENA-Lung01 | 80-90% | IHC, any expression | Wikipedia |
| Folate receptor alpha | 70-80% | Adenocarcinoma, any expression | Wikipedia |
| TROP2 Adenocarcinoma and squamous | 60-70% | IHC, moderate-high | PMC |
| KRAS cBioPortal, mutation records in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism: G12V 119 of 797 (14.9%), G12D 97 (12.2%), G12A 72 (9.0%), G13C 32 (4.0%), Q61H 30 (3.8%), G13D 30 (3.8%), G12R 11, G12S 10, G12F 6, Q61L 6. In lung_msk_2017: G12D 37 of 244 (15.2%), G12V 37 (15.2%), G12A 19, G13D 12, Q61H 11. | 49-59% | G12V, G12D, G12A, G13X and Q61X (share of KRAS mutation records) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| TP53 cBioPortal: 1,429 of 2,653, 53.9%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 485 of 915, 53.0%, in lung_msk_2017; 295 of 566, 52.1%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 107 of 230, 46.5%, in luad_tcga_pub; 59 of 110, 53.6%, in luad_cptac_2020; 109 of 302, 36.1%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 36 of 232, 15.5%, in lung_nci_2022. | 46-54% | Mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| KRAS cBioPortal, mutation records: 344 of 797, 43.2%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 268 of 526, 50.9%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 104 of 244, 42.6%, in lung_msk_2017; 70 of 172, 40.7%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 96 of 224, 42.9%, in nsclc_tcga_broad_2016; 36 of 87, 41.4%, in nsclc_pd1_msk_2018. That is about 13% of all lung adenocarcinomas (344 of 2,653 samples in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism). | 41-51% | G12C allele (share of KRAS mutation records) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| SOX2 cBioPortal high-level amplification: SOX2 194 of 487, 39.8%, and TP63 154 of 487, 31.6%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; SOX2 76 of 178, 42.7%, and TP63 51 of 178, 28.7%, in lusc_tcga_pub; SOX2 220 of 1,144, 19.2%, and TP63 176, 15.4%, in the combined nsclc_tcga_broad_2016. In adenocarcinoma the same genes are amplified in 10 of 511 (2.0%) and 10 of 511 (2.0%). The founding paper counted squamous differentiation genes altered in 44% of tumours (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2012). | 29-43% | High-level amplification of the squamous lineage programme | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| CDKN2A cBioPortal: CDKN2A deep deletion 128 of 487, 26.3%, plus mutation in 73 of 484, 15.1%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; deletion 47 of 178, 26.4%, plus mutation 31, 17.4%, in lusc_tcga_pub; mutation 17 of 108, 15.7%, in lusc_cptac_2021. RB1 is mutated in 31 of 484, 6.4%, with deep deletion in 16 of 487. The founding paper put CDKN2A and RB1 alteration together at 72% of tumours, counting epigenetic silencing and exon skipping as well as deletion and mutation (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2012). | 26-41% | Deletion or mutation of CDKN2A, with RB1 loss | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| PD-1 | 20-45% | Response by PD-L1 stratum (proxy) | Wikipedia |
| KRAS cBioPortal: 787 of 2,653, 29.7%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 241 of 915, 26.3%, in lung_msk_2017; 168 of 566, 29.7%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 75 of 230, 32.6%, in luad_tcga_pub; 33 of 110, 30.0%, in luad_cptac_2020; 33 of 302, 10.9%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 17 of 232, 7.3%, in lung_nci_2022. The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium found KRAS in 182 of 733 fully genotyped adenocarcinomas, 25%, the commonest single driver in that series (Kris 2014). | 27-33% | Activating mutation (any allele) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR cBioPortal: 143 of 302, 47.4%, in luad_oncosg_2020 (East Asian); 866 of 2,653, 32.6%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 268 of 915, 29.3%, in lung_msk_2017; 66 of 232, 28.4%, in lung_nci_2022 (never smokers); 662 of 2,621, 25.3%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 38 of 110, 34.5%, in luad_cptac_2020; 70 of 566, 12.4%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 33 of 230, 14.3%, in luad_tcga_pub. The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium found sensitising EGFR in 122 of 733, 17%, plus other EGFR mutations in 29 (Kris 2014). | 12-47% | Activating mutation (any class) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| KRAS G12C ~13% of adenocarcinoma | 25-30% | Adenocarcinoma, any KRAS mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| PD-L1 ~60-65% TPS >=1% | 25-30% | TPS >=50% | Wikipedia |
| MAGE-A4 | 20-30% | Squamous enriched | Wikipedia |
| PIK3CA / PI3K-alpha cBioPortal: mutation in 53 of 484, 11.0%, plus high-level amplification in 184 of 487, 37.8%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; mutation 28 of 178, 15.7%, plus amplification 68 of 178, 38.2%, in lusc_tcga_pub; mutation 11 of 108, 10.2%, in lusc_cptac_2021; amplification 208 of 1,144, 18.2%, in nsclc_tcga_broad_2016. E545K (13 records) and E542K (13) lead, with H1047R (5) behind, the reverse of the breast cancer pattern. PTEN is mutated in 51 of 484, 10.5%, with deep deletion in 48 of 487, 9.9%. The founding paper counted the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway altered in 47% of tumours (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2012). | 11-38% | Hotspot mutation and high-level amplification | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| CEACAM5 Non-squamous, CARMEN threshold | 20-25% | High expression (>=50% cells 2+/3+) | Wikipedia |
| FGFR1 cBioPortal high-level amplification: 83 of 487, 17.0%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 30 of 178, 16.9%, in lusc_tcga_pub; 102 of 1,144, 8.9%, in the combined nsclc_tcga_broad_2016; against 14 of 511, 2.7%, in lung adenocarcinoma. Amplification was found in a systematic copy-number search of 155 squamous cell lung cancers and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation in 22% of an independent squamous cohort (Weiss 2010). | 17-22% | Focal high-level amplification | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| CDKN2A cBioPortal deep deletion: 358 of 2,422, 14.8%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 86 of 511, 16.8%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 45 of 230, 19.6%, in luad_tcga_pub; 87 of 915, 9.5%, in lung_msk_2017, with mutation on top in 137, 25, 10 and 49 samples respectively. | 15-20% | Homozygous deletion and inactivating mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR cBioPortal, samples carrying the class: 382 of 2,653, 14.4%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 308 of 2,621, 11.8%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 117 of 915, 12.8%, in lung_msk_2017; 57 of 302, 18.9%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 38 of 232, 16.4%, in lung_nci_2022; 23 of 566, 4.1%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. E746_A750del is the single commonest variant (237 of 1,114 EGFR records in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism). | 13-19% | In-frame deletion around codons 746 to 750 | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| STK11 cBioPortal: 450 of 2,653, 17.0%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 157 of 915, 17.2%, in lung_msk_2017; 75 of 566, 13.3%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 40 of 230, 17.4%, in luad_tcga_pub; 20 of 110, 18.2%, in luad_cptac_2020; 222 of 2,621, 8.5%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022 (mixed histology); 11 of 302, 3.6%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 5 of 232, 2.2%, in lung_nci_2022. In the immunotherapy-treated cohort the rate is higher, 53 of 240, 22.1%, in nsclc_pd1_msk_2018 (cBioPortal); deleterious STK11 mutations were found in 260 of 1,261, 20.6%, of a two-centre lung adenocarcinoma cohort (Ricciuti 2022). | 13-18% | Inactivating mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR cBioPortal, samples: 289 of 2,653, 10.9%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 206 of 2,621, 7.9%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 82 of 915, 9.0%, in lung_msk_2017; 63 of 302, 20.9%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 20 of 232, 8.6%, in lung_nci_2022; 23 of 566, 4.1%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 9-21% | Exon 21 point mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| PRMT5 (MTAP-deleted cancers) | 15% | MTAP deletion | |
| KEAP1 cBioPortal: 400 of 2,653, 15.1%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 153 of 915, 16.7%, in lung_msk_2017; 102 of 566, 18.0%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 40 of 230, 17.4%, in luad_tcga_pub; 12 of 110, 10.9%, in luad_cptac_2020; 197 of 2,621, 7.5%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 13 of 302, 4.3%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 1 of 232, 0.4%, in lung_nci_2022. In the immunotherapy cohort, 53 of 240, 22.1% (cBioPortal nsclc_pd1_msk_2018); deleterious KEAP1 mutations were 231 of 1,202 assessable patients, 19.2% (Ricciuti 2022). | 11-18% | Inactivating mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| NFE2L2 cBioPortal: 72 of 484, 14.9%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 27 of 178, 15.2%, in lusc_tcga_pub; 13 of 108, 12.0%, in lusc_cptac_2021; 84 of 1,144, 7.3%, in the combined nsclc_tcga_broad_2016; against 18 of 566, 3.2%, in lung adenocarcinoma. The mutations cluster tightly in the two motifs KEAP1 grips: E79Q (7 records), R34G (6), G31A (5), R34Q (5), D29H (5), R34P (5), D29N (5) and L30F (4) in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 12-15% | Hotspot mutation in the KEAP1-binding degrons | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR 40-50% in East Asian adenocarcinoma | 10-15% | Activating mutation (US/Europe) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| NKX2-1 cBioPortal high-level amplification: 261 of 2,422, 10.8%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 75 of 915, 8.2%, in lung_msk_2017; 67 of 511, 13.1%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 32 of 230, 13.9%, in luad_tcga_pub; 11 of 302, 3.6%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 13 of 487, 2.7%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 8-14% | High-level amplification (lineage survival gene) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| NF1 (neurofibromin) cBioPortal: 206 of 2,653, 7.8%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 67 of 915, 7.3%, in lung_msk_2017; 66 of 566, 11.7%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 27 of 230, 11.7%, in luad_tcga_pub; 25 of 240, 10.4%, in nsclc_pd1_msk_2018; 10 of 302, 3.3%, in luad_oncosg_2020. | 8-12% | Inactivating mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| RBM10 cBioPortal: 294 of 2,653, 11.1%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 78 of 915, 8.5%, in lung_msk_2017; 38 of 566, 6.7%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 19 of 230, 8.3%, in luad_tcga_pub; 22 of 302, 7.3%, in luad_oncosg_2020; 17 of 232, 7.3%, in lung_nci_2022; 6 of 484, 1.2%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 7-11% | Inactivating mutation (splicing regulator) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| SMARCA4 cBioPortal: 228 of 2,653, 8.6%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 92 of 915, 10.1%, in lung_msk_2017; 46 of 566, 8.1%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 11 of 110, 10.0%, in luad_cptac_2020; 27 of 240, 11.2%, in nsclc_pd1_msk_2018; 17 of 484, 3.5%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 8 of 302, 2.6%, in luad_oncosg_2020. In 4,813 patients, 407, 8%, carried a SMARCA4 alteration (Schoenfeld 2020). | 6-10% | Truncating and missense mutation (class 1 and class 2) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| ATR | 5-10% | ATM loss/mutation (sensitising context) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| PIK3CA / PI3K-alpha cBioPortal: 159 of 2,653, 6.0%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism (E545K 53, E542K 20, H1047R 16 records); 65 of 915, 7.1%, in lung_msk_2017; 28 of 566, 4.9%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 12 of 302, 4.0%, in luad_oncosg_2020. It was the driver in 6 of 733 fully genotyped adenocarcinomas, under 1% (Kris 2014). | 5-7% | Hotspot mutation (E545K, E542K, H1047R) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| ALK cBioPortal structural variants: 109 of 2,422, 4.5%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism (EML4 the partner in 94 of the events); 31 of 915, 3.4%, in lung_msk_2017; 75 of 2,621, 2.9%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 13 of 232, 5.6%, in lung_nci_2022; 6 of 181, 3.3%, in luad_oncosg_2020. The original description found the fusion in 5 of 75 patients, 6.7% (Soda 2007), and the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium found ALK rearrangement in 57 of 733, 8%, by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (Kris 2014). | 3-6% | Rearrangement, usually EML4-ALK | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| ALK Younger never-smokers | 3-5% | Rearrangement | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR cBioPortal, samples out of 2,653 in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism: G719X 57 (2.1%), L861Q 30 (1.1%), S768I 30 (1.1%); out of 2,621 in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022: G719X 28, S768I 19, L861Q 15; out of 915 in lung_msk_2017: G719X 14, L861Q 8, S768I 5. Together they are 117 of 2,653 samples, 4.4%, in the largest cohort. | 3-5% | G719X, L861Q, S768I and compound alleles | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| DDR2 receptor kinase Squamous histology only; mutant cell lines and one patient responded to dasatinib | 3.8% | DDR2 kinase mutation, Sanger sequencing of squamous cell lung cancers and cell lines | doi.org |
| BRAF cBioPortal, mutation records in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism: G469A 15, G466V 8, D594G 5, G469V 4, K601E 4, D594N 3, against 31 V600E, in the 132 of 2,653 samples with any BRAF mutation (5.0%); in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022, 60 non-V600 records against 19 V600E in the 79 of 2,621 mutated samples (3.0%); in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018, 35 non-V600 records against 9 V600E. | 3-4% | Class II and class III mutations (G469X, G466X, K601E, D594X) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| MET Amplification in 5-20% post-EGFR TKI; c-MET overexpression ~25% of non-squamous | 3-4% | Exon 14 skipping | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| BRAF | 2-4% | V600E and non-V600 | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| HER2 cBioPortal, samples with an exon 20 insertion: 58 of 2,653, 2.2%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 51 of 2,621, 1.9%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 20 of 915, 2.2%, in lung_msk_2017; 8 of 232, 3.4%, in lung_nci_2022; 5 of 302, 1.7%, in luad_oncosg_2020. Any ERBB2 mutation reaches 110 of 2,653 (4.1%) and 103 of 2,621 (3.9%). Y772_A775dup is the dominant allele, 42 of 110 records in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism. The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium found ERBB2 in 19 of 733, 3% (Kris 2014). | 2-4% | Exon 20 insertion and kinase-domain missense | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| MET cBioPortal, samples with a splice-site or juxtamembrane exon 14 alteration: 96 of 2,621, 3.7%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 66 of 2,653, 2.5%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 27 of 915, 3.0%, in lung_msk_2017; 9 of 566, 1.6%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 5 of 232, 2.2%, in lung_nci_2022. Independent counts: 28 of 933 non-squamous lung cancers, 3.0% (Awad 2016); exon 14 skipping was read directly in the messenger RNA of 4% of the 230 TCGA adenocarcinomas (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2014); and the alterations are diverse across tumour types rather than a single hotspot (Frampton 2015). | 2-4% | Splice-site or juxtamembrane alteration deleting exon 14 | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| HER2 | 2-3% | ERBB2 exon 20 mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| MET cBioPortal high-level amplification: 79 of 2,422, 3.3%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 25 of 915, 2.7%, in lung_msk_2017; 42 of 2,621, 1.6%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 11 of 511, 2.2%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 8 of 230, 3.5%, in luad_tcga_pub. As a primary driver it is rarer still: MET amplification was the driver in 5 of 733 fully genotyped adenocarcinomas, under 1% (Kris 2014). | 2-3% | High-level focal amplification | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| EGFR cBioPortal, samples: 47 of 2,653, 1.8%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 45 of 2,621, 1.7%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 17 of 915, 1.9%, in lung_msk_2017; 4 of 232, 1.7%, in lung_nci_2022; 3 of 302, 1.0%, in luad_oncosg_2020. About 5 to 6% of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. | 1-3% | In-frame insertion or duplication in the loop after the C-helix | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| HER2 cBioPortal high-level amplification: 51 of 2,422, 2.1%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 29 of 915, 3.2%, in lung_msk_2017; 33 of 2,621, 1.3%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 9 of 511, 1.8%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 12 of 487, 2.5%, in lusc_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 1-3% | High-level amplification | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| ROS1 cBioPortal structural variants: 25 of 915, 2.7%, in lung_msk_2017 (CD74 in 13 events, EZR in 4, SDC4 in 3, SLC34A2 in 2); 44 of 2,621, 1.7%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 40 of 2,422, 1.7%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 5 of 232, 2.2%, in lung_nci_2022. In the founding series, 18 of 1,073 screened lung cancers, 1.7%, against 31 ALK-rearranged, 2.9% (Bergethon 2012). | 1-3% | Rearrangement, commonly CD74-ROS1 | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| ROS1 Bergethon 2012; enriched in younger never-smokers with adenocarcinoma | 1.7% | FISH, ROS1 rearrangement (18 of 1,073 NSCLC) | doi.org |
| BRAF cBioPortal, V600E records: 31 of 2,653 samples, 1.2%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 18 of 915, 2.0%, in lung_msk_2017; 19 of 2,621, 0.7%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 9 of 566, 1.6%, in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 5 of 230, 2.2%, in luad_tcga_pub. Any BRAF mutation is far commoner: 132 of 2,653 (5.0%), 50 of 915 (5.5%) and 41 of 566 (7.2%). BRAF of any kind was the driver in 16 of 733 fully genotyped adenocarcinomas, 2% (Kris 2014). | 1-2% | V600E mutation | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| RET | 1-2% | Fusion | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| RET cBioPortal structural variants: 51 of 2,422, 2.1%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism (KIF5B in 36 events, CCDC6 in 4); 38 of 2,621, 1.4%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 16 of 915, 1.7%, in lung_msk_2017; 3 of 232, 1.3%, in lung_nci_2022. | 1-2% | Rearrangement, commonly KIF5B-RET or CCDC6-RET | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| NRG1 25 of the non-small-cell lung cancers among 21,858 tumours profiled by anchored multiplex RNA sequencing carried an NRG1 fusion, 0.3% of the lung cases and the highest incidence of any tumour type in the series (Jonna 2019). cBioPortal structural variants: 7 of 2,422, 0.3%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 2 of 232 in lung_nci_2022 (CD74-NRG1 and SLC3A2-NRG1); 2 of 2,621 in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022. The fusion was discovered by transcriptome sequencing of 25 never-smoker adenocarcinomas, then found in 4 more of 102 driver-negative tumours, all of the invasive mucinous subtype (Fernandez-Cuesta 2014). | 0.3% | Rearrangement, commonly CD74-NRG1, in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma | doi.org |
| NTRK cBioPortal structural variants: 5 of 2,422, 0.2%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 1 of 2,621, 0.04%, in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022; 1 of 510 in luad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018. | 0.2% | NTRK1, NTRK2 or NTRK3 rearrangement | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| AXL | about 20% | AXL activation among EGFR-mutant lung cancers resistant to EGFR inhibitors | doi.org |
| FGFR1 Weiss and colleagues found focal FGFR1 amplification in about a fifth of squamous lung cancers and rarely in adenocarcinoma. | about 20% | FGFR1 amplification in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung | doi.org |
| TIGIT | n/a | Immune-cell target; PD-L1 used for selection | Wikipedia |
How common each drug target or alteration is in this cancer. Population-level and approximate; see the target page for detail. Full matrix.
10 cell lines, 4 mouse models and 7 repositories are listed for this cancer. See them →