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CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.96, clinical 0.89).
In plain words · CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place.
No product in this corpus aims at CD74 yet. Drugs bind the molecule precisely: to switch it off, flag the cell for the immune system, or deliver a payload.
Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it a fusion partner (UniProt records a translocation); what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA CD74: RNA tissue enhanced (lymphoid tissue 4,925 nTPM); blood lineage group enriched (B-cells 28,193 nTPM, dendritic cells 23,966 nTPM, monocytes 16,175 nTPM); high antibody staining in 8 normal tissues; highest cancer staining endometrial cancer (1 of 10 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Lung cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (non-small cell lung carcinoma). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: UniProt P04233; Human Protein Atlas CD74 tissue; Open Targets ENSG00000019582 associations
First described 1983. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Claesson et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, 1983, "cDNA clone for the human invariant gamma chain of class II histocompatibility antigens and its implications for the protein structure". Source.
Sources: HGNC HGNC:1697 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P04233 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000019582 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-small cell lung carcinoma 0.68, lung cancer 0.70 (GraphQL API, CC0))
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome. Stabilises the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. Location: Cell membrane; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network; Endosome (UniProt). Locus 5q33.1 (HGNC).
RNA: tissue enhanced (lymphoid tissue 4,925 nTPM), detected in all normal tissues. Blood: group enriched (B-cells 28,193 nTPM, dendritic cells 23,966 nTPM, monocytes 16,175 nTPM).
Medium: Bronchus, Endometrium, Fallopian tube, Kidney, Lung, Lymph node, Salivary gland, Soft tissue.
Medium only: cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, head and neck cancer.
HPA CD74 tissue · HPA CD74 pathology · HPA protein class: CD markers
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"CD74" OR ABSTRACT:"CD74" OR TITLE:"CD74 molecule" OR ABSTRACT:"CD74 molecule" OR TITLE:"HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain" OR ABSTRACT:"HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain" OR TITLE:"DHLAG" OR ABSTRACT:"DHLAG") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about CD74, not a curated reading list.