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A versatile chemotherapy used in pancreatic, bladder, lung, ovarian, breast and biliary cancers, in nasopharyngeal cancer, and as a bladder instillation.
Approved 1996 for pancreatic cancer (clinical benefit response versus 5-FU); combinations: gemcitabine-cisplatin (biliary ABC-02, bladder, NPC induction), gemcitabine-nab-paclitaxel (pancreatic), gemcitabine-carboplatin (ovarian, breast), gemcitabine-docetaxel (sarcoma), GemOx (lymphoma). Intravesical gemcitabine for NMIBC. Flu-like symptoms, myelosuppression, rare TMA/pneumonitis.
Difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate incorporated into DNA causes masked chain termination; also inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (self-potentiation).
1.Gemcitabine slips into a pocket on its target.
Given by infusion or injection in a clinic or hospital outpatient department, so it is a Part B drug: Medicare pays 80% after the Part B deductible and the patient owes 20% coinsurance, uncapped in Original Medicare unless a Medigap policy applies. HCPCS J9201. Generic; Infugem (premixed) is priced higher and may be reviewed.
Multi-source generic; covered under the medical benefit without prior authorisation in most plans, as part of standard regimens.
Sources: Medicare.gov: Chemotherapy · Medicare.gov: Prescription drugs (outpatient, Part B). Not medical or financial advice; verify with your plan.
Sources: NICE TA25 · SMC advice: gemcitabine. Funding decisions are indication-specific and change monthly; verify with NICE and your treating team.
Compare all products across the US, EU, UK, Japan, China and Australia →
| Region | Year | Indication |
|---|---|---|
| US | 1996 | Pancreatic cancer |
| US | 1998 | NSCLC with cisplatin |
| US | 2004 | Metastatic breast cancer with paclitaxel |
| US | 2006 | Ovarian cancer with carboplatin |
| UK | 2001 | Pancreatic cancer: NICE TA25 (8 May 2001), since replaced by the NG85 guideline, which recommends gemcitabine alone for people not well enough for combination chemotherapy (1.9.6) and as adjuvant treatment for those who cannot tolerate gemcitabine plus capecitabine (1.8.7) · https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta25 |
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An option with a demonstrated survival benefit for transplant-ineligible relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a group for whom very little has ever shown one. The fatal adverse event imbalance belongs in the conversation alongside the survival figure.
Together with NORPACT-1 this left the neoadjuvant question for resectable disease open: FOLFIRINOX before surgery is not proven superior to alternatives, and the comparison against upfront surgery with adjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX is what PREOPANC-3 and Alliance A021806 are running.
ESPAC5 supports neoadjuvant chemotherapy over immediate surgery in borderline resectable disease and points to FOLFIRINOX as the regimen to build on.
Pembrolizumab with gemcitabine-cisplatin is an approved first-line option for advanced biliary tract cancer alongside durvalumab-based therapy.
The best survival ever recorded in a pancreatic cancer trial, and the benchmark every perioperative trial (PREOPANC-3, Alliance A021806) and every adjuvant RAS inhibitor or vaccine trial (RASolute 304, IMCODE003) now has to beat or add to.
Neoadjuvant treatment is now the standard for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, and PREOPANC is the trial guidelines cite; the follow-on PREOPANC-2 tested FOLFIRINOX in the same setting.
Durvalumab with gemcitabine-cisplatin is a first-line standard for advanced biliary tract cancer, with pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-966) as the alternative.
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin is a validated platinum doublet for BRCA or PALB2 carriers, and the trial explains why PARP inhibitors are used as maintenance after platinum rather than concurrently with it.
Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Gemcitabine" OR ABSTRACT:"Gemcitabine" OR TITLE:"Gemzar" OR ABSTRACT:"Gemzar" OR TITLE:"Infugem" OR ABSTRACT:"Infugem") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Gemcitabine, not a curated reading list.
Shares Clinical Trial of TQB2825 Injection Combined With Chemotherapy in Subjects With Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Gemcitabine-oxaliplatin for Second-line Therapy in Non-metastatic Unresectable Intra-hepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, A Single-arm Phase II Clinical Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Camrelizumab Combined With GEMOX for Unresectable GBCs, Irinotecan Hydrochloride Liposome Injection (II)in Combination With Oxaliplatin, 5-FU/LV Versus AG for First-line Treatment of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares Glufosfamide Versus 5-FU in Second Line Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer, CPI-613 (Devimistat) in Combination With Hydroxychloroquine and 5-fluorouracil or Gemcitabine in Treating Patients With Advanced Chemorefractory Solid Tumors, ESPAC-3: adjuvant fluorouracil plus folinic acid versus gemcitabine after pancreatic cancer resection, Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in Combination With Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) Versus CRT Alone in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) (MK-3475-992/KEYNOTE-992) and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares AZD0901 in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumours Expressing Claudin18.2, A Study of ART0380 for the Treatment of Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors, Testing Higher Dose Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer, PRODIGE 4 / ACCORD 11 and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares Perioperative Durvalumab With Neoadjuvant ddMVAC or Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Patients With Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NIAGARA-2), Alkylating agents and antimetabolites, Study to Investigate Outcome of Individualized Treatment in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares A Study of HDM2005 in Combination With Standard of Care in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, A Master Protocol (LY900023) That Includes Several Clinical Trials of Drugs for Children and Young Adults With Cancer, Combination Immunotherapy Plus Standard-of-Care Chemotherapy Versus Standard-of-Care Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer, TA(E)C-GP Versus A(E)C-T for the High Risk TNBC Patients and Validation of the mRNA-lncRNA Signature and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares Advanced and metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ENSAT stage IV or unresectable), Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, Generic sterile injectables (the 2023 platinum shortage), The lymphoma regimen alphabet: R-CHOP, pola-R-CHP, DA-EPOCH-R, ABVD, BEACOPP and the rest and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares SJMB12, Generic sterile injectables (the 2023 platinum shortage), The lymphoma regimen alphabet: R-CHOP, pola-R-CHP, DA-EPOCH-R, ABVD, BEACOPP and the rest, Chemotherapy roadmap: mustard gas → curative combinations → the warhead inside smarter drugs and the tags generic, who-essential.
Shares Perioperative Durvalumab With Neoadjuvant ddMVAC or Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Patients With Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NIAGARA-2), The lymphoma regimen alphabet: R-CHOP, pola-R-CHP, DA-EPOCH-R, ABVD, BEACOPP and the rest, Eli Lilly (incl. Loxo), Bladder & urothelial cancer and the tags generic, who-essential.