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Lymphoma treatment is written in acronyms, one letter per drug. This entry spells out the ones a patient will see on a chart or a consent form, and says which disease each belongs to.
Each acronym is a fixed recipe of drugs given on a fixed schedule, usually in three- or four-week cycles.
Aggressive B-cell lymphoma. R-CHOP is rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (hydroxydaunorubicin), vincristine (Oncovin) and prednisolone, every 21 days. Pola-R-CHP swaps vincristine for polatuzumab vedotin. DA-EPOCH-R adds etoposide and gives the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide as a 96-hour infusion with the dose adjusted upward or downward by the neutrophil count in the previous cycle. Salvage regimens before a transplant are R-ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide), R-DHAP (dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine, cisplatin) and R-GDP (gemcitabine, dexamethasone, cisplatin); R-GemOx (gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) is the gentler outpatient option for people who will never have a transplant.
Burkitt and high-grade disease. CODOX-M/IVAC alternates cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate with ifosfamide, etoposide and high-dose cytarabine. Hyper-CVAD alternates part A (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) with part B (high-dose methotrexate and cytarabine). Both are intensive and inpatient; DA-EPOCH-R is the outpatient alternative.
Brain. MATRix is methotrexate, cytarabine, thiotepa and rituximab.
Indolent B-cell. BR is bendamustine and rituximab. R-CVP replaces the doxorubicin of R-CHOP with nothing and keeps cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone. R-squared, written R2, is rituximab and lenalidomide with no chemotherapy at all.
Mantle cell. VR-CAP substitutes bortezomib for vincristine. The Nordic and European young-patient regimens alternate R-CHOP with R-DHAP or use R-maxi-CHOP with high-dose cytarabine before an autologous transplant.
Hodgkin lymphoma. ABVD is doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine. AVD is ABVD without the bleomycin. A+AVD adds brentuximab vedotin, N-AVD adds nivolumab. Escalated BEACOPP is bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone at increased doses; BrECADD replaces the bleomycin, vincristine and procarbazine with brentuximab vedotin and dacarbazine.
T-cell. CHOP is R-CHOP without the rituximab, because T cells do not carry CD20. CHOEP adds etoposide. A+CHP replaces vincristine with brentuximab vedotin. SMILE is dexamethasone (steroid), methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase and etoposide, for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma.
Backbone ribbon from PDB 6VJA. RCSB PDB 6VJA. The ribbon widens where the chain is folded into a regular pattern and narrows where it is a loose loop.
Showing the molecule this term concerns: Rituximab.
Shares Primary effusion lymphoma, T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (double-hit lymphoma).
Shares T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Plasmablastic lymphoma, ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Shares Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma.
Shares Mediastinal grey zone lymphoma, ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma, Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma.
Shares T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (double-hit lymphoma), Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.
Shares ABVD, BEACOPP and BrECADD (Hodgkin lymphoma regimens), Procarbazine, Dacarbazine, Vinblastine.
Shares ABVD, BEACOPP and BrECADD (Hodgkin lymphoma regimens), Procarbazine, Dacarbazine, Vinblastine.
Shares ABVD, BEACOPP and BrECADD (Hodgkin lymphoma regimens), Procarbazine, Dacarbazine, Vinblastine.