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Radiation can alert the immune system through the cGAS-STING pathway, but single doses above roughly 12 to 18 Gy switch on the enzyme TREX1, which destroys the alarm signal. Choosing fractionated schedules around 8 Gy times three for immune priming may add benefit at no extra cost.
Single fractions above roughly 12-18 Gy induce the DNA exonuclease TREX1, which degrades cytoplasmic DNA and prevents cGAS-STING activation, whereas fractionated schedules around 8 Gy times three maximise interferon signalling in mouse models. Radiotherapy plus immunotherapy trials have used dose and fractionation chosen for tumour control or convenience, not for immune priming, which may explain inconsistent abscopal results.
Shares Abscopal effect, Immunogenic cell death, Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Shares Abscopal effect, Immunogenic cell death, Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Shares Abscopal effect, Radiotherapy roadmap: X-rays → shaped beams → fewer fractions, particles and FLASH, SBRT / SABR (stereotactic radiotherapy), Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Radiotherapy + immunotherapy, Abscopal effect, Surgery and radiotherapy cure most, get least, SBRT / SABR (stereotactic radiotherapy).
Shares Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.