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TYK2 (Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour and Polycythaemia vera.
Non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase involved in numerous cytokines and interferons signalling, which regulates cell growth, development, cell migration, innate and adaptive immunity. Plays both structural and catalytic roles in numerous interleukins and interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) signalling. Associates with heterodimeric cytokine receptor complexes and activates STAT family members including STAT1, STAT3, STAT4 or STAT6.
CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 2 variants. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.96, affected pathway 0.83, literature 0.96, genetic association 0.00, animal model 0.49).
In plain words · TYK2 (Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour and Polycythaemia vera.
TYK2 (Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour and Polycythaemia vera.
Non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase involved in numerous cytokines and interferons signalling, which regulates cell growth, development, cell migration, innate and adaptive immunity.
No product in this corpus aims at TYK2 yet. Kinases are switched on by binding ATP inside the cell, so most drugs are small molecules shaped to plug that ATP pocket.
Broadly expressed or essential: HPA finds the RNA at low tissue specificity; a medicine acting on the wild-type protein would expose normal tissue too. HPA TYK2: RNA low tissue specificity; no normal tissue stained high; highest cancer staining colorectal cancer (11 of 12 high). Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Myeloid neoplasms, Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)); Open Targets associates it with 2 specific cancer types at or above 0.5 (myelofibrosis, acquired polycythemia vera). (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: Human Protein Atlas TYK2 tissue; Open Targets ENSG00000105397 associations
First described 1990. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Firmbach-Kraft et al, Oncogene, 1990, "TYK2, prototype of a novel class of non-receptor tyrosine kinase genes". Source.
Sources: HGNC HGNC:12440 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P29597 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene TYK2 (1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 2 variants; diseases: Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000105397 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: myeloproliferative neoplasm 0.60, acquired polycythemia vera 0.50 (GraphQL API, CC0))
Non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase involved in numerous cytokines and interferons signalling, which regulates cell growth, development, cell migration, innate and adaptive immunity. Plays both structural and catalytic roles in numerous interleukins and interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) signalling. Associates with heterodimeric cytokine receptor complexes and activates STAT family members including STAT1, STAT3, STAT4 or STAT6. The heterodimeric cytokine receptor complexes are composed of (1) a TYK2-associated receptor chain (IFNAR1, IL12RB1, IL10RB or IL13RA1), and (2) a second receptor chain associated either with JAK1 or JAK2. In response to cytokine-binding to receptors, phosphorylates and activates receptors (IFNAR1, IL12RB1, IL10RB or IL13RA1), creating docking sites for STAT members. In turn, recruited STATs are phosphorylated by TYK2 (or JAK1/JAK2 on the second receptor chain), form homo- and heterodimers, translocate to the nucleus, and regulate cytokine/growth factor responsive genes. Locus 19p13.2 (HGNC).
RNA: low tissue specificity, detected in many normal tissues.
No normal tissue stained high.
Medium only: glioma, head and neck cancer, melanoma, testis cancer.
HPA TYK2 tissue · HPA TYK2 pathology · HPA protein class: FDA approved drug targets
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"TYK2" OR ABSTRACT:"TYK2" OR TITLE:"tyrosine kinase 2" OR ABSTRACT:"tyrosine kinase 2" OR TITLE:"Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2" OR ABSTRACT:"Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2" OR TITLE:"JTK1" OR ABSTRACT:"JTK1") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about TYK2, not a curated reading list.
Shares Polycythaemia vera (PV), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis).
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), CIViC, Open Targets Platform.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), CIViC, Open Targets Platform.
Shares Polycythaemia vera (PV), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Open Targets Platform.
Shares Polycythaemia vera (PV), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis).
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), CIViC, Open Targets Platform.
Shares Polycythaemia vera (PV), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis).
Shares Polycythaemia vera (PV), Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis).