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A review that sorted tumours by where their immune cells sit, inflamed and infiltrated, infiltrated but excluded, or immune-poor, and argued that this classification should guide which immunotherapy a patient receives.
Binnewies, Krummel and colleagues proposed classifying the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) by the density and position of immune cells: infiltrated-excluded tumours with T cells confined to the margins and stroma, infiltrated-inflamed tumours with T cells among the cancer cells and high PD-L1, and a subclass with tertiary lymphoid structures. They reviewed how these states arise from tumour genetics, the microbiome and host factors, how they predict response to checkpoint blockade, and how therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and myeloid-targeting agents might convert excluded or cold tumours into inflamed ones.
This framework is behind the everyday language of hot and cold tumours and the design of combination trials that pair checkpoint inhibitors with treatments meant to draw T cells into the tumour.
Shares Thorsson 2018: the immune landscape of cancer across 10,000 tumours, Immune system, Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).
Shares Thorsson 2018: the immune landscape of cancer across 10,000 tumours, Immune system, PD-L1, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Thorsson 2018: the immune landscape of cancer across 10,000 tumours, Immune system, Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).
Shares Immune system, Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).
Shares Tumeh 2014: PD-1 blockade works by releasing T cells already present at the tumour edge, PD-L1, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Hot vs cold tumours, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.