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Trials recruiting now, the landmark trials, the trials held by this cancer's subtypes, the key papers and what they mean, the latest literature, and the milestones year by year.
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147 trials on record are attached to one of the types below rather than to Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types) itself. They are grouped by the type that holds them, so someone still working out which type they have can see the whole field from here.
For someone offered the test, these are the numbers that describe what a result means in an NHS population: about 1 in 100 tests came back positive each year, between 46 and 58 in 100 positives were cancer, and a negative result left about 1 in 100 with an undetected cancer within the year. The test found between a quarter and a third of all cancers diagnosed in a screening round, and about half to two thirds of the 12 cancer types it was designed to find. Whether finding them this way reduces late-stage diagnoses is the primary question, and this paper says only that the answer was no; the primary-endpoint paper had not appeared on Europe PMC by 23 September 2026.
An option with a demonstrated survival benefit for transplant-ineligible relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a group for whom very little has ever shown one. The fatal adverse event imbalance belongs in the conversation alongside the survival figure.
A new combination for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma that adds a CD19-directed antibody to the established lenalidomide and rituximab pairing, with the largest progression-free survival hazard ratio reported in the setting.
A second randomised confirmation that adding a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor to first-line bendamustine-rituximab delays progression in older patients with mantle cell lymphoma, with a toxicity profile that did not improve as much as the drug's selectivity promised.
The evidence behind the United States approval of brentuximab vedotin with lenalidomide and a rituximab product for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines in patients not eligible for an autologous transplant or CAR-T. It is also the first demonstration that a CD30-directed conjugate helps in a disease where CD30 expression is variable.
The authors' conclusion is that ibrutinib-rituximab should be considered a new standard-of-care option for first-line treatment of older patients with mantle-cell lymphoma. The subgroup split means it is clearly better than R-CHOP and roughly equivalent to bendamustine-rituximab.
An off-the-shelf alternative to CAR-T for repeatedly relapsed follicular lymphoma: no apheresis, no manufacturing wait, and a complete response rate in the same range, at the cost of continued treatment rather than a single infusion.
Evidence that the B-cell receptor pathway is worth attacking in follicular lymphoma when a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor is paired with a type II CD20 antibody, after single-agent inhibitors had disappointed in this disease.
Query for this cancer: (TITLE:"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma" OR TITLE:"all types" OR ABSTRACT:"all types" OR TITLE:"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma" OR TITLE:"NHL" OR ABSTRACT:"NHL" OR TITLE:"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma" OR TITLE:"Lymphoma non-Hodgkin" OR ABSTRACT:"Lymphoma non-Hodgkin") AND (treatment OR therapy OR trial OR survival OR diagnosis). Results are unfiltered search hits about Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types), not a curated reading list.
Burkitt's report in the British Journal of Surgery has no abstract indexed on Europe PMC; its importance is that mapping where the tumour occurred prompted the search for an infectious cause.
Epstein, Achong and Barr saw virus particles in lymphoblasts cultured from one of Burkitt's biopsies, beginning the field that now includes human papillomavirus, hepatitis B and Helicobacter pylori.
A committee meeting in Ann Arbor, Michigan set out the four-stage anatomical system for Hodgkin's disease. Its descriptive language is still in use in 2026, inside the Lugano classification that replaced it.
Poiesz and Gallo characterised type C particles with a reverse transcriptase unlike any known primate retrovirus; Hinuma's Japanese seroepidemiology the following year found antibodies in all 44 patients with adult T-cell leukaemia tested and in 26 per cent of healthy adults from endemic areas.
The human c-myc gene is placed at 8q24, the region translocated to chromosome 2, 14 or 22 in Burkitt lymphoma cells, tying an oncogene to a specific chromosome swap for the first time in a human cancer.
The breakpoint sequences carry N-region nucleotides and lie beside signal-like sequences, which places the founding lesion of follicular lymphoma at the pre-B-cell stage, years before the disease.
Built from 2,031 patients with aggressive lymphoma treated at 16 institutions across the United States, Europe and Canada. It counts age, stage, lactate dehydrogenase, performance status and extranodal sites, and it still decides treatment intensity in 2026.
Single cells picked off a histological section with a micromanipulator each gave one clonal immunoglobulin rearrangement, settling the identity of a cell that had lost almost every B-cell marker.
Anti-CD20 rituximab for relapsed follicular lymphoma; added to CHOP it raised cure rates in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Microarray profiling splits diffuse large B-cell lymphoma into germinal-centre B-cell-like and activated B-cell-like forms with different survival, the first molecular classification of a lymphoma.
Rosenwald profiled 240 biopsies, found germinal-centre, activated and type 3 subgroups and built a 17-gene survival predictor independent of the International Prognostic Index; Hans reproduced the split in 2004 with three ordinary stains, giving five-year survival of 76 against 34 per cent.
The BIOMED-2 collaboration reduces immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor clonality to 107 primers in 18 tubes, making the result comparable between laboratories.
The Hans algorithm reproduces the microarray split with CD10, BCL6 and MUM1 on a tissue microarray, with five-year survival of 76% against 34%, which is why most laboratories report non-germinal-centre rather than activated.
JCOG9801, 118 patients: complete response 40 against 25 per cent for VCAP-AMP-VECP over biweekly CHOP, three-year overall survival 24 against 13 per cent, grade 4 thrombocytopenia 74 against 17 per cent.
Two findings in one year: activated B-cell-like lymphoma depends on continuous B-cell receptor signalling through BTK, which is the rationale for every BTK inhibitor; and Hodgkin lymphoma and mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma amplify the locus carrying both PD-1 ligands and JAK2, which is the rationale for checkpoint blockade there.
Gain-of-function substitutions at a single tyrosine in the SET domain are found in 21.7% of germinal-centre large B-cell lymphomas and 7.2% of follicular lymphomas, and absent from the activated subtype; tazemetostat follows.
An oncogenic MYD88 substitution is found in 29% of activated B-cell-like lymphomas; in the same period CREBBP and EP300 inactivation is found in about 39% of diffuse large B-cell and 41% of follicular lymphoma, and KMT2D in 32% and 89%, which makes lymphoma a disease of chromatin and not only of signalling.
SMILE reached an overall response of 79 per cent in 38 patients with a disease that resists anthracyclines; PRIMA raised three-year progression-free survival from 57.6 to 74.9 per cent, and at nine years the medians were 10.5 against 4.1 years with no survival difference.
Whole-genome sequencing finds the same substitution in all 10 paired cases and in 91% of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma overall, absent from normal tissue, which turns a diagnosis of exclusion into a genotype.
BTK C481S in five of six patients with acquired ibrutinib resistance and PLCG2 gain-of-function mutations in two, which is why the non-covalent inhibitors exist.
A single substitution in 67 to 68% of cases, specific to the tumour cells, with the accompanying TET2 mutations also present in normal blood cells, which places this lymphoma as a growth out of clonal haematopoiesis.
Agreed at the International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma, it made PET-CT the standard staging test for lymphomas that take up the tracer, restricted the A and B symptom suffixes to Hodgkin lymphoma, and removed routine bone marrow biopsy from the staging of Hodgkin lymphoma.
Relapse without CD19 turns out to combine deletion, exon 2 mutation and selection for an alternatively spliced transcript that skips the epitope and still partly works, which is why a standard sequencing test can call the gene normal.
Nivolumab produces an objective response in 20 of 23 heavily pre-treated patients, most of whom had already failed autologous transplant and brentuximab vedotin.
Casulo: 19 per cent of 588 patients progressed within two years of first-line R-CHOP, with five-year overall survival of 50 against 90 per cent and an index-adjusted hazard ratio of 6.44.
Scherer showed circulating tumour DNA predicts outcome at diagnosis, classifies cell of origin from plasma, beats imaging for residual disease and distinguishes follicular lymphomas that will transform from those that will not.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel approved for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines.
Two large series read large B-cell lymphoma as four and five genetically defined groups, MCD, BN2, N1 and EZB among them, with different outcomes after immunochemotherapy.
Chapuy's five clusters from 304 tumours and Schmitz's four subtypes from 574; Wright's LymphGen tool in 2020 extended them to seven and made per-patient classification possible. None has yet changed a first-line treatment.
BCL2 G101V, found at progression in 7 of 15 paired patients and in none at study entry, lowers drug affinity about 180-fold and is detectable months before clinical relapse.
FLYER: three-year progression-free survival 96 per cent with four cycles of R-CHOP in young favourable disease, non-inferior to six. PHOENIX: ibrutinib improved event-free survival under 60 (hazard ratio 0.579) and worsened it over 60, raising serious adverse events from 38.2 to 63.4 per cent.
A probabilistic classifier assigns a lymphoma to one of seven genetic subtypes and shows each shares a pathogenesis with a particular indolent or extranodal lymphoma. No randomised trial has yet assigned treatment by it.
TRANSCEND NHL 001: objective response 73 per cent and complete response 53 per cent in 256 evaluable patients, with grade 3 or worse cytokine release syndrome in 2 per cent. SHINE then gained 28 months of progression-free survival in older mantle cell lymphoma with no survival benefit.
PhasED-seq uses several mutations carried on one DNA fragment, which lymphoma genomes supply because of somatic hypermutation, and finds residual disease in a further 25% of participants called negative by the previous method.
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements becomes an entity of its own and the T-follicular-helper lymphomas are grouped by origin rather than appearance. A second classification published the same year disagrees on several names.
The fifth edition of the WHO classification and the International Consensus Classification were published within months of each other. They agree about most entities and differ about several names and boundaries, which is why a report may give a disease a name that a trial protocol does not recognise.
BELINDA: median event-free survival 3.0 months in both arms, with a 52-day median interval from leukapheresis to infusion and 25.9 per cent of the CAR-T group progressing by week 6 against 13.8 per cent of the comparator group.
Glofitamab and epcoritamab, off-the-shelf CD20 x CD3 antibodies, approved for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma.
ENRICH, 397 patients: adjusted progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.69, driven by the comparison against R-CHOP (0.37) rather than against bendamustine-rituximab (0.91). ECHELON-3 and POLARGO gave transplant-ineligible relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma two more options with a survival benefit.
The National Cancer Institute trial of mosunetuzumab against rituximab in low tumour burden follicular lymphoma (NCT06337318, 600 estimated participants) has a primary completion date of 31 March 2032; RADAR, the radiotherapy-free Hodgkin trial, is listed for September 2030.