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4 treatment settings, 3 with more than one named option. Each section lays out the options the standard of care names, what each is for, the trials behind them with their recorded results, the side effects and cautions on record, and questions to ask. Built from the cancer page's standard-of-care rows; nothing here is advice for your case.
Anal cytology or high-risk HPV testing followed by high-resolution anoscopy in people living with HIV and other high-risk groups, following the 2024 International Anal Neoplasia Society guidelines.
A swab tested for the virus that causes cervical cancer, more accurate than the Pap smear and doable at home.
A blood test that detects fragments of the virus DNA shed by HPV-positive throat cancers, to confirm diagnosis, track response, and catch recurrence early.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Office-based ablation (electrocautery, infrared coagulation) for discrete lesions; topical fluorouracil or imiquimod for extensive or perianal disease; excision for lesions where invasion is suspected (ANCHOR).
Destroying precancerous cervical cells with a heated or frozen probe in under a minute, the tool that makes screen-and-treat possible where there are no surgeons.
The 1957 chemotherapy that remains the backbone of treatment for bowel, stomach, pancreatic, anal, head and neck and breast cancers, and as a cream for skin precancers.
Progression to anal cancer 173 per 100,000 person-years with treatment against 402 with active monitoring, a 57 percent reduction (95% CI 6 to 80, p 0.03); the trial stopped early for efficacy.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
HPV vaccination, which protects against the HPV types that cause almost all anal cancer.
Vaccines that prevent the viral infections behind cervical, throat, anal, and liver cancers. The most effective anti-cancer intervention ever created.
A vaccine against nine HPV types that prevents about 90% of cervical cancers, and now works with a single dose.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Repeat high-resolution anoscopy because recurrence is common; biopsy of any lesion that changes or ulcerates.
A swab tested for the virus that causes cervical cancer, more accurate than the Pap smear and doable at home.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.