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Bacteria that seek out the low-oxygen core of tumours, then manufacture a drug on the spot.
Attenuated Salmonella and other anaerobes colonise hypoxic tumour cores that drugs reach poorly, and can be engineered to secrete cytokines or enzymes. Live programmes on ClinicalTrials.gov in September 2026 include SGN1, an engineered Salmonella expressing methioninase (NCT05038150 and NCT05103345, phase 1/2, recruiting), and Saltikva, a Salmonella carrying IL-2, in phase 2 in metastatic pancreatic cancer (NCT04589234). The field has a long history of tolerable but ineffective results, beginning with VNP20009 in the 2000s.
Attenuated bacteria given intravenously or intratumourally replicate selectively in hypoxic, necrotic tumour regions and express a therapeutic payload locally.
Query for this technology: (TITLE:"Engineered bacteria as living cancer drugs" OR ABSTRACT:"Engineered bacteria as living cancer drugs") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Engineered bacteria as living cancer drugs, not a curated reading list.
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