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12 standard-of-care settings across 6 lines and 2 biomarker subgroups. Rows come from the cancer page's standard of care; the grid places each on its line and subgroup.
| Line | All comers | HER2 |
|---|---|---|
| Screening, prevention and diagnosis | 1 | · |
| Early / localised | 2 | · |
| Locally advanced | 2 | · |
| Advanced, first line | 3 | · |
| Second line | 1 | 1 |
| Other settings | 2 | · |
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Localised | Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CROSS) or perioperative FLOT → surgery → nivolumab if residual disease. | NCCN Guidelines: Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers | 98 | |
| All comers | Early (T1a, high-grade dysplasia) | Endoscopic resection (EMR/ESD) with radiofrequency ablation of residual Barrett's; oesophagectomy for T1b with high-risk features. | NCCN · Category 1 (endoscopic therapy for Tis/T1a) | 40 |
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Resectable locally advanced (cT2-4a or N+) | CROSS chemoradiation (carboplatin/paclitaxel + 41.4 Gy) then oesophagectomy for squamous and adenocarcinoma; perioperative FLOT for adenocarcinoma/GEJ (ESOPEC). Adjuvant nivolumab for residual disease after chemoradiation (CheckMate 577). | NCCN · Category 1 (preoperative chemoradiation; ad… | 98 | |
| All comers | Unresectable locally advanced or cervical | Definitive chemoradiation (50-50.4 Gy with cisplatin/5-FU or carboplatin/paclitaxel); PD-1 blockade added in trials. | NCCN · Category 1 (definitive chemoradiation) | 94 |
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Advanced | Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab/nivolumab; iza-bren in trials. | NCCN Guidelines: Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers | 98 | |
| All comers | Advanced squamous cell carcinoma, first line | Chemotherapy + pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-590), nivolumab (CheckMate 648), or tislelizumab (RATIONALE-306, PD-L1 ≥1%); nivolumab + ipilimumab chemotherapy-free option; camrelizumab/sintilimab/toripalimab in China. | NCCN · Category 1 (PD-L1-positive) | 98 | |
| All comers | Advanced adenocarcinoma, first line | As for gastric cancer: chemotherapy + pembrolizumab or nivolumab (PD-L1 CPS ≥5 or ≥1); trastuzumab-based therapy if HER2-positive; zolbetuximab if CLDN18.2-positive (GEJ eligible in SPOTLIGHT/GLOW). | 96 |
Chemotherapy and radiation, then surgery, then a year of immunotherapy if the operation shows cancer was still there. This is the current curative-intent pathway.
Enhertu and its DXd cousins can inflame the lungs; combining them with immunotherapy, radiation, or mTOR inhibitors stacks that risk.
Protons stop inside the tumour; modern X-ray beams (IMRT) still exit through healthy tissue. That physical difference only matters if it changes cure or late harm enough to justify the cost, which randomised adult trials have not settled.
Lines and subgroups are parsed from the setting text of each standard-of-care row and can misclassify an unusual phrasing; the row’s own setting is always shown. Guideline chips reflect the NCCN category and ESMO-MCBS grade recorded on the cancer page, checked on its stated date. Not medical advice.