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Whether the cancer has reached the nearby lymph nodes, the filters along the lymphatic drainage. It is the single strongest predictor of whether cancer has escaped the organ, and it drives most decisions about extra treatment after surgery.
The N in TNM staging counts involved regional nodes (N0 none, N1-N3 increasing). Node-positive breast cancer earns chemotherapy or CDK4/6 inhibitors (monarchE); node-positive colon cancer (stage III) gets adjuvant FOLFOX; N2 lung cancer changes surgery to chemoradiation. Nodes are assessed by imaging, sentinel node biopsy or dissection, and pathologists count how many of how many examined were positive, which is why a minimum node harvest is a surgical quality marker. Nodal micrometastases and isolated tumour cells are graded separately.
Shares Sentinel node biopsy, Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection), Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Sentinel node biopsy, Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection), Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Clinical covariates (age, stage, nodes, treatment flags), TNM staging, Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Lymphovascular invasion (LVI), Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), and PREDICT, Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Clinical covariates (age, stage, nodes, treatment flags), TNM staging.
Shares Sentinel node biopsy, Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection), Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Ducts, lobules and the terminal duct lobular unit, Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), and PREDICT, Breast cancer (all types).
Shares Sentinel node biopsy, Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection), Breast cancer (all types).