Loading
RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and Melanoma.
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarisation, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages.
CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib and PLX4720. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.78 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes affected pathway 0.59, literature 1.00, genetic association 0.32, somatic mutation 0.93, animal model 0.37). IntOGen calls it a driver in 5 cohorts (5 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma, Cutaneous Melanoma.
In plain words · RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and Melanoma.
RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and Melanoma.
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.
No product in this corpus aims at RAC1 yet. Drugs fit a pocket that exists only in one shape of the mutant protein and hold it there, off.
Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it an oncogene driver (IntOGen cohort analysis finds it activated more often than chance); what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA RAC1: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 6 normal tissues; highest cancer staining skin cancer (7 of 12 high). Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types), Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma); Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (melanoma). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: UniProt P63000; CIViC gene RAC1; IntOGen RAC1; Human Protein Atlas RAC1 tissue; Open Targets ENSG00000136238 associations
First described 1989. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Didsbury et al, J. Biol. Chem, 1989, "Rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates". Source.
Sources: HGNC HGNC:9801 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P63000 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene RAC1 (3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanoma, Skin Melanoma (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000136238 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.78; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: melanoma 0.71, skin cancer 0.69 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen RAC1 (driver in 5 cohorts (Act 5, LoF 0); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarisation, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. Location: Cell membrane; Melanosome; Cytoplasm; Cell projection, lamellipodium (UniProt). Locus 7p22.1 (HGNC).
RNA: low tissue specificity, detected in all normal tissues.
Medium: Bronchus, Cervix, Colon, Duodenum, Gallbladder, Lymph node, Nasopharynx, Prostate.
Medium only: breast cancer, liver cancer, lymphoma.
HPA RAC1 tissue · HPA RAC1 pathology · HPA protein class: Essential proteins
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"RAC1" OR ABSTRACT:"RAC1" OR TITLE:"Rac family small GTPase 1" OR ABSTRACT:"Rac family small GTPase 1" OR TITLE:"Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1" OR ABSTRACT:"Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1" OR TITLE:"TC-25" OR ABSTRACT:"TC-25" OR TITLE:"p21-Rac1" OR ABSTRACT:"p21-Rac1" OR TITLE:"Rac-1" OR ABSTRACT:"Rac-1") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about RAC1, not a curated reading list.