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Daunorubicin is the anthracycline most often combined with cytarabine to bring acute myeloid leukaemia into remission; it is also part of induction for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Daunorubicin, isolated from Streptomyces in the 1960s, was approved in 1979 for remission induction in acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia in adults and in acute lymphocytic leukaemia in adults and children, in combination with other agents. With cytarabine it forms the 7+3 regimen that has anchored AML induction for fifty years; the label reports complete remission rates of 53 to 65% for the combination. A liposomal fixed-ratio co-formulation with cytarabine (CPX-351, Vyxeos, 2017) improved survival in secondary AML and has its own record. Cumulative dose-dependent cardiomyopathy limits lifetime exposure, and extravasation causes severe tissue necrosis.
Intercalates DNA and stabilises the topoisomerase II cleavage complex, causing double-strand breaks; generates free radicals responsible for cardiotoxicity.
1.Daunorubicin slips into a pocket on its target.
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| Region | Year | Indication |
|---|---|---|
| US | 1979 | Remission induction in acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia (adults) and acute lymphocytic leukaemia (adults and children), in combination |
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Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Daunorubicin" OR ABSTRACT:"Daunorubicin" OR TITLE:"Cerubidine" OR ABSTRACT:"Cerubidine" OR TITLE:"historic" OR ABSTRACT:"historic" OR TITLE:"Daunomycin" OR ABSTRACT:"Daunomycin" OR TITLE:"Rubidomycin" OR ABSTRACT:"Rubidomycin") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Daunorubicin, not a curated reading list.
Shares A Safety and Efficacy Study of Eltrombopag in Subjects With AML, Clofarabine Plus Cytarabine Versus Conventional Induction Therapy And A Study Of NK Cell Transplantation In Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CPX-351 versus 7+3 chemotherapy in older adults with newly diagnosed secondary acute myeloid leukaemia, Study of Magrolimab in Combination With Azacitidine Versus Physician's Choice of Venetoclax in Combination With Azacitidine or Intensive Chemotherapy in Patients With TP53 Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia That Have Not Been Treated and the tag generic.
Shares Role of the Therapy Tailored to Risk Factors in Treating Adult Patients (≤60) With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Children With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Treatment of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplasia, A Global Study of Midostaurin in Combination With Chemotherapy to Evaluate Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Patients With FLT3 Mutated AML and the tag generic.
Shares Response-Based Chemotherapy in Treating Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome in Younger Patients With Down Syndrome, Combination Chemotherapy, Biological Therapy, and Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Frontline Chemotherapy in Treating Young Adults With Newly Diagnosed B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, International Collaborative Treatment Protocol For Children And Adolescents With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and the tag generic.
Shares Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Frontline Chemotherapy in Treating Young Adults With Newly Diagnosed B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, International Collaborative Treatment Protocol For Children And Adolescents With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Lestaurtinib in Treating Younger Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ph-Like TKI Sensitive Mutations and the tag generic.
Shares Role of the Therapy Tailored to Risk Factors in Treating Adult Patients (≤60) With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Treatment of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplasia, Cytotoxic chemotherapy and the tag generic.
Shares A Global Study of Midostaurin in Combination With Chemotherapy to Evaluate Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Patients With FLT3 Mutated AML, International Collaborative Treatment Protocol For Children And Adolescents With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute myeloid leukaemia in children, Cytotoxic chemotherapy and the tag generic.
Shares Combination Chemotherapy With or Without Lestaurtinib in Treating Younger Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ph-Like TKI Sensitive Mutations, High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (high-risk B-ALL and T-ALL), Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and the tag generic.
Shares Doxorubicin, Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Cytotoxic chemotherapy and the tag generic.