NICE decides which cancer treatments the NHS pays for, publishing for each drug an appraisal of cost per quality-adjusted life year against a threshold of £25,000 to £35,000, plus clinical guidelines. Because the manufacturer models and committee reasoning are public, its decisions serve as an independent view of a drug's value that often diverges from FDA and EMA licensing.
NICE technology appraisals (since 1999) assess clinical and cost-effectiveness against a threshold of £25,000-35,000 per QALY since 2 April 2026, raised from £20,000-30,000 (with severity modifiers, which replaced the end-of-life rule in 2022), and can recommend, restrict, or route drugs to the Cancer Drugs Fund for data collection. Clinical guidelines (e.g. NG12 suspected cancer recognition and referral) set diagnostic pathways. Appraisal documents contain manufacturer models, evidence review group critiques and committee reasoning, making them one of the most transparent public sources on drug value; decisions often diverge from FDA/EMA licensing.
Shares NCCN Guidelines, ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines & MCBS, Global access and affordability roadmap: essential medicines and generics → biosimilars and frugal trials → reliance, pooling and homegrown innovation and the tag guidelines.
Shares NICE technology appraisal methods (2022), ILAP (Innovative Licensing and Access Pathway), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Shares Hazard ratio (HR), Progression-free survival (PFS), Overall survival (OS).
Shares Health technology assessment (HTA), reimbursement and QALYs, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
Shares Hazard ratio (HR), Progression-free survival (PFS), Overall survival (OS).
Shares NCCN Guidelines, ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines & MCBS.
Shares National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Global access and affordability roadmap: essential medicines and generics → biosimilars and frugal trials → reliance, pooling and homegrown innovation.
Shares NCCN Guidelines, ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines & MCBS.