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New cancer drugs commonly launch above $150,000-$250,000 per year in the US, with prices set without reference to benefit and hidden behind rebates; other countries negotiate or assess cost-effectiveness. Pricing policy determines who gets treated.
Median annual US launch price of new oncology drugs rose from ~$100,000 (2010) to over $200,000 (2020s), with weak correlation between price and clinical benefit (Vokinger, Lancet Oncol 2020). List versus net price (rebates, 340B) obscures costs; Medicare negotiation under the Inflation Reduction Act (2022) began with imbruvica (ibrutinib) among the first ten drugs (prices effective 2026) and caps Part D out-of-pocket at $2,000 (2025). Value frameworks: ASCO Value Framework, ESMO-MCBS, NCCN Evidence Blocks, ICER cost-effectiveness reviews, NICE thresholds (£25,000-35,000/QALY since 2 April 2026, raised from £20,000-30,000; Cancer Drugs Fund for managed access), Germany's AMNOG benefit assessment. International reference pricing, biosimilar/generic entry (imatinib price fell >90% after 2016 US generics), compulsory licensing and tiered pricing shape global access. Transparency initiatives (WHO 2019 resolution, US hospital price transparency rule) have had limited effect on net prices.
Shares Global oncology and access in low- and middle-income countries and the tag policy.
Shares 340B Drug Pricing Program, Novartis v. Union of India (Glivec, 2013), Nexavar compulsory licence (India, 2012), Inflation Reduction Act 2022: Medicare drug price negotiation.
Shares Financial toxicity and financial navigation, Financial toxicity and the tag policy.
Shares Financial toxicity and financial navigation, Financial toxicity and the tag policy.
Shares Health technology assessment (HTA), reimbursement and QALYs and the tag policy.
Shares Novartis v. Union of India (Glivec, 2013), Nexavar compulsory licence (India, 2012), WHO Essential Medicines List for cancer, Global oncology and access in low- and middle-income countries.
Shares Novartis v. Union of India (Glivec, 2013), Nexavar compulsory licence (India, 2012), Inflation Reduction Act 2022: Medicare drug price negotiation, Biosimilar.
Shares 340B Drug Pricing Program, Inflation Reduction Act 2022: Medicare drug price negotiation, Biosimilar.