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The first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer looked positive early, then the benefit vanished with longer follow-up.
IMbrave050, trial NCT04102098 sponsored by Roche and reported in 2023, was the first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer, and it looked positive early before the benefit vanished with longer follow-up. It randomised 668 patients to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma, and an interim recurrence-free survival benefit prompted enthusiasm, but the updated analysis in 2026 showed the benefit was not sustained and did not support adjuvant use, with only a possible signal in subgroups. OnCo links it to hepatocellular carcinoma, atezolizumab and Ann-Lii Cheng. The record treats it as a lesson about immature interim analyses, and whether any adjuvant strategy can prevent recurrence in liver cancer remains open.
Numbers are from the trial as recorded here; see the source links in the table below. This is orientation, not medical advice: ask your team how closely the trial population matches you.
668 enrolled.
| Endpoint | Arm | n | Value | HR (95% CI) | p | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recurrence-free survival (interim)primary | Atezolizumab + bevacizumab | 334 | - | 0.72 (0.56 to 0.93) | - | link |
| Surveillance | 334 | - |
Shares Atezolizumab, Roche / Genentech, Immune checkpoint inhibitors and the tag failure.
Shares Hepatocellular carcinoma and the tag failure.
Shares Roche / Genentech and the tag failure.
Shares Atezolizumab, Roche / Genentech, Immune checkpoint inhibitors and the tag failure.
Shares Hepatocellular carcinoma and the tag failure.
Shares Roche / Genentech and the tag failure.
Shares Immune checkpoint inhibitors and the tag failure.
Shares Immune checkpoint inhibitors and the tag failure.