{"entity":{"id":"imbrave050","kind":"trial","name":"IMbrave050","aka":[],"tldr":"The first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer looked positive early, then the benefit vanished with longer follow-up.","summary":"IMbrave050, trial NCT04102098 sponsored by Roche and reported in 2023, was the first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer, and it looked positive early before the benefit vanished with longer follow-up. It randomised 668 patients to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma, and an interim recurrence-free survival benefit prompted enthusiasm, but the updated analysis in 2026 showed the benefit was not sustained and did not support adjuvant use, with only a possible signal in subgroups. OnCo links it to hepatocellular carcinoma, atezolizumab and Ann-Lii Cheng. The record treats it as a lesson about immature interim analyses, and whether any adjuvant strategy can prevent recurrence in liver cancer remains open.","status":"negative","asOf":"2026-09-07","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04102098","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04102098"},{"label":"Updated data (J Hepatol 2026)","url":"https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(26)00017-6/fulltext"}],"tags":["failure","lesson:interim-analysis"],"related":[],"cancers":["hcc","hcc-early"],"sections":[],"technologies":["checkpoint-inhibitor"],"targets":[],"drugs":["atezolizumab"],"companies":["roche-genentech"],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":["ann-lii-cheng"],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"nct":"NCT04102098","phase":"3","setting":"Adjuvant atezolizumab + bevacizumab vs active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk HCC","sponsor":"Roche","result":"Interim RFS HR 0.72; benefit not sustained at update.","started":"2019-12-31","startedType":"actual","yearReported":2023,"enrolled":668,"enrolledBasis":"registry","outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Recurrence-free survival (interim)","primary":true,"arms":[{"name":"Atezolizumab + bevacizumab","n":334},{"name":"Surveillance","n":334}],"hr":0.72,"ci":[0.56,0.93],"source":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01796-8"}],"replication":"The updated analysis of the same trial did not confirm the interim result."},"route":"/trials/imbrave050/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"hcc-early","kind":"cancer","name":"Early hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC 0 and A)","route":"/cancers/hcc-early/"},{"id":"hcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","route":"/cancers/hcc/"}],"technology":[{"id":"checkpoint-inhibitor","kind":"technology","name":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors","route":"/technologies/checkpoint-inhibitor/"}],"drug":[{"id":"atezolizumab","kind":"drug","name":"Atezolizumab","route":"/drugs/atezolizumab/"}],"company":[{"id":"roche-genentech","kind":"company","name":"Roche / Genentech","route":"/companies/roche-genentech/"}],"person":[{"id":"ann-lii-cheng","kind":"person","name":"Ann-Lii Cheng","route":"/people/ann-lii-cheng/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-hcc-io-before-transplant","kind":"idea","name":"Immunotherapy downstaging to transplant with a safe washout","route":"/ideas/idea-hcc-io-before-transplant/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-imbrave050-lancet-2023","kind":"paper","name":"IMbrave050: adjuvant atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma","route":"/key-papers/paper-imbrave050-lancet-2023/"}]}}