# IMbrave050

Source: https://onco.cc/trials/imbrave050/  
OnCo record `imbrave050` (Trial). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

The first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer looked positive early, then the benefit vanished with longer follow-up.

## Summary

IMbrave050, trial NCT04102098 sponsored by Roche and reported in 2023, was the first adjuvant immunotherapy trial in liver cancer, and it looked positive early before the benefit vanished with longer follow-up. It randomised 668 patients to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma, and an interim recurrence-free survival benefit prompted enthusiasm, but the updated analysis in 2026 showed the benefit was not sustained and did not support adjuvant use, with only a possible signal in subgroups. OnCo links it to hepatocellular carcinoma, atezolizumab and Ann-Lii Cheng. The record treats it as a lesson about immature interim analyses, and whether any adjuvant strategy can prevent recurrence in liver cancer remains open.

## Fields

- Kind: Trial
- Status: negative
- Last checked: 2026-09-07
- Tags: failure; lesson:interim-analysis
- Registry id: NCT04102098
- Phase: 3
- Setting: Adjuvant atezolizumab + bevacizumab vs active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk HCC
- Sponsor: Roche
- Enrolled: 668
- Result: Interim RFS HR 0.72; benefit not sustained at update.
- Outcomes: Recurrence-free survival (interim): Atezolizumab + bevacizumab vs Surveillance, HR 0.72
- Replication: The updated analysis of the same trial did not confirm the interim result.

## Sources

- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04102098: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04102098
- Updated data (J Hepatol 2026): https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(26)00017-6/fulltext

## Connected records

- cancers: [Early hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC 0 and A)](https://onco.cc/cancers/hcc-early/), [Hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/hcc/)
- technologies: [Immune checkpoint inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/checkpoint-inhibitor/)
- drugs: [Atezolizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/atezolizumab/)
- companies: [Roche / Genentech](https://onco.cc/companies/roche-genentech/)
- people: [Ann-Lii Cheng](https://onco.cc/people/ann-lii-cheng/)
- ideas: [Immunotherapy downstaging to transplant with a safe washout](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-hcc-io-before-transplant/)
- key papers: [IMbrave050: adjuvant atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imbrave050-lancet-2023/)

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