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Relapsed means the cancer came back after responding; refractory means it never responded or grew during treatment. 'R/R' is the label on most trials of new blood cancer drugs.
The distinction matters for prognosis and drug choice: refractory disease is biologically more resistant, and the interval to relapse (early relapse within 12 months of chemoimmunotherapy in lymphoma, platinum-resistant relapse within 6 months in ovarian cancer) is itself a stratification factor. Regulators define trial populations by prior lines and drug classes, so terms such as 'triple-class refractory' (myeloma resistant to a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulator and a CD38 antibody) or 'BCG-unresponsive' bladder cancer describe specific unmet needs that new drugs are approved for. Most accelerated approvals are in R/R settings before drugs move to earlier lines.
Shares Lines of therapy, Accelerated approval, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).
Shares Lines of therapy, Accelerated approval.
Shares Accelerated approval, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).
Shares Lines of therapy, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).
Shares Platinum-sensitive / platinum-resistant, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).
Shares Lines of therapy, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).
Shares Lines of therapy, Accelerated approval.
Shares Accelerated approval, Drug resistance (primary and acquired).