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RPL5 (Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a tumour suppressor, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Skin cancer and 4 more.
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase centre (PTC), which catalyses the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerising the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.76 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.11, genetic literature 0.76, literature 0.95, genetic association 0.37, somatic mutation 0.86, animal model 0.26). IntOGen calls it a driver in 4 cohorts (1 activating, 3 loss-of-function), covering Glioblastoma Multiforme, Lung Adenocarcinoma, Melanoma.
In plain words · RPL5 (Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a tumour suppressor, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Skin cancer and 4 more.
RPL5 (Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a tumour suppressor, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Skin cancer and 4 more.
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
No product in this corpus aims at RPL5 yet. Because the protein is lost rather than overactive, drugs either restore its function or exploit the weakness its loss leaves (synthetic lethality).
Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it an oncogene driver (IntOGen cohort analysis finds it activated more often than chance) and a tumour suppressor (IntOGen finds it knocked out more often than chance), so the direction differs between cohorts but the alteration is somatic either way; what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA RPL5: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 25 normal tissues; highest cancer staining melanoma (5 of 12 high). Distribution: 5 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Leukaemia, Myeloid neoplasms, Skin cancer (all types), Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types), Lung cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (Diamond-Blackfan anemia). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: UniProt P46777; IntOGen RPL5; Human Protein Atlas RPL5 tissue; Open Targets ENSG00000122406 associations
First described 1994. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Qu L.H. et al, Nucleic Acids Res, 1994, "U21, a novel small nucleolar RNA with a 13 nt. complementarity to 28S rRNA, is encoded in an intron of ribosomal protein L5 gene in chicken and mammals". Source.
Sources: HGNC HGNC:10360 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P46777 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000122406 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.76; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: melanoma 0.58, acute myeloid leukaemia 0.54, skin cancer 0.51, myeloproliferative neoplasm 0.54, leukaemia 0.61 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen RPL5 (driver in 4 cohorts (Act 1, LoF 3); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase centre (PTC), which catalyses the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerising the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. As part of the 5S RNP/5S ribonucleoprotein particle it is an essential component of the LSU, required for its formation and the maturation of rRNAs. It also couples ribosome biogenesis to p53/TP53 activation. Location: Cytoplasm; Nucleus, nucleolus (UniProt). Locus 1p22.1 (HGNC).
RNA: low tissue specificity, detected in all normal tissues.
Medium: Bone marrow, Caudate, Colon, Gallbladder, Kidney, Liver, Nasopharynx, Ovary.
Medium only: carcinoid, head and neck cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer.
HPA RPL5 tissue · HPA RPL5 pathology · HPA protein class: Essential proteins
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"RPL5" OR ABSTRACT:"RPL5" OR TITLE:"ribosomal protein L5" OR ABSTRACT:"ribosomal protein L5" OR TITLE:"Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18" OR ABSTRACT:"Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18" OR TITLE:"L5" OR ABSTRACT:"L5" OR TITLE:"PPP1R135" OR ABSTRACT:"PPP1R135" OR TITLE:"uL18" OR ABSTRACT:"uL18") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about RPL5, not a curated reading list.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia, IntOGen.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
Shares Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), IntOGen, Melanoma.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Skin cancer (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
Shares Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis), Leukaemia (all types), Acute myeloid leukaemia, Open Targets Platform.