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The receptor through which interferon alpha alerts immune cells and slows tumour growth. Interferon was one of the first immunotherapies, used in melanoma, hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia, and has largely given way to targeted drugs and checkpoint inhibitors.
IFNAR1 pairs with IFNAR2 to form the receptor for all type I interferons; binding activates JAK1 and TYK2 and the STAT1 and STAT2 transcription factors that induce antiviral, antiproliferative and immune-stimulating genes. Recombinant interferon alfa-2b was approved for hairy cell leukaemia in 1986, then for melanoma, follicular lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma and chronic myeloid leukaemia, but flu-like symptoms, depression and modest benefit meant that cladribine, imatinib, rituximab and checkpoint inhibitors replaced it. Pegylated interferon remains useful in myeloproliferative neoplasms, and endogenous type I interferon signalling within tumours predicts response to immunotherapy.
In plain words · The receptor through which interferon alpha alerts immune cells and slows tumour growth. Interferon was one of the first immunotherapies, used in melanoma, hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia, and has largely given way to targeted drugs and checkpoint inhibitors.
The receptor through which interferon alpha alerts immune cells and slows tumour growth. Interferon was one of the first immunotherapies, used in melanoma, hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia, and has largely given way to targeted drugs and checkpoint inhibitors.
Subunit of the type I interferon receptor signalling through JAK1, TYK2 and STAT1/STAT2 to induce interferon-stimulated genes.
1 product aims at Interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR1): other agents. Drugs bind the molecule precisely: to switch it off, flag the cell for the immune system, or deliver a payload.
Immune or microenvironment target: its medicines act on immune, stromal or bone cells rather than on the tumour cell (drug mechanisms in the corpus). HPA IFNAR1: RNA low tissue specificity; no normal tissue stained high. Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types), Leukaemia); approvals of single-target medicines aimed at it also list Myeloid neoplasms, not counted; Open Targets associates it with 7 specific cancer types at or above 0.5 (melanoma, acquired polycythemia vera, chronic myeloid leukemia, essential thrombocythemia, hairy cell leukemia, plasma cell myeloma and more). (Rule 1 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: Human Protein Atlas IFNAR1 tissue; UniProt P17181; Open Targets ENSG00000142166 associations
First described 1990. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Uze et al, Cell, 1990, "Genetic transfer of a functional human interferon alpha receptor into mouse cells: cloning and expression of its cDNA". Source.
Subunit of the type I interferon receptor signalling through JAK1, TYK2 and STAT1/STAT2 to induce interferon-stimulated genes.
RNA: low tissue specificity, detected in all normal tissues.
No normal tissue stained high; medium in Appendix, Bone marrow, Bronchus, Caudate, Cerebellum, Cerebral cortex and more.
No cancer stained high; medium in carcinoid, cervical cancer, glioma, head and neck cancer.
HPA IFNAR1 tissue · HPA IFNAR1 pathology · HPA protein class: FDA approved drug targets
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
| Cancer | Prevalence | Measure | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metastatic cancer | immune% | Immune-cell target (interferon alpha receptor on immune and tumour cells alike): expressed on immune cells rather than on the tumour, so patient selection rests on the cancer type and, in trials, on PD-L1 or immune biomarkers. |
Approximate, population-level figures; the measure column says what was counted. Ranges show the midpoint as a bar.
Peginterferon alfa-2b, a long-acting interferon, was approved in 2011 as Sylatron for melanoma that had spread to lymph nodes and been removed, to delay recurrence; checkpoint inhibitors have since replaced it in that role.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"Interferon alpha receptor" OR ABSTRACT:"Interferon alpha receptor" OR TITLE:"IFNAR1" OR ABSTRACT:"IFNAR1") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR1), not a curated reading list.
Shares Peginterferon alfa-2b, Melanoma.
Shares Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), Melanoma.
Shares Interferon alfa-2a/2b, Melanoma.