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ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response. Upon binding to its ligand ICOSL expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), delivers costimulatory signals that enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines including IL10, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Also acts as a costimulatory receptor critical for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells upon immune challenges such as viral infection.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.61 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.30, affected pathway 0.61, literature 0.97, genetic association 0.64, animal model 0.32).
In plain words · ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response.
No product in this corpus aims at ICOS yet. Drugs bind the molecule precisely: to switch it off, flag the cell for the immune system, or deliver a payload.
Immune or microenvironment target: its medicines act on immune, stromal or bone cells rather than on the tumour cell (drug mechanisms in the corpus). HPA ICOS: RNA group enriched (bone marrow 16 nTPM, lymphoid tissue 19 nTPM); blood lineage lineage enriched (T-cells 29 nTPM); no normal tissue stained high. Distribution: no corpus cancer carries a prevalence row, threshold or catalogue link for it; Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 1 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)
Sources: Human Protein Atlas ICOS tissue; UniProt Q9Y6W8; Open Targets ENSG00000163600 associations
First described 1999. Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Hutloff et al, Nature, 1999, "ICOS is an inducible T-cell co-stimulator structurally and functionally related to CD28". Source.
Sources: HGNC HGNC:5351 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt Q9Y6W8 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000163600 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.61; (GraphQL API, CC0))
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response. Upon binding to its ligand ICOSL expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), delivers costimulatory signals that enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines including IL10, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Also acts as a costimulatory receptor critical for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells upon immune challenges such as viral infection. Mechanistically, potentiates TCR-induced calcium flux by augmenting PLCG1 activation and actin remodeling. In addition, activates PI3K signalling pathways independently of calcium flux. Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Location: Cell membrane; Secreted (UniProt). Locus 2q33.2 (HGNC).
RNA: group enriched (bone marrow 16 nTPM, lymphoid tissue 19 nTPM), detected in some normal tissues. Blood: lineage enriched (T-cells 29 nTPM).
No normal tissue stained high; medium in Lymph node, Tonsil.
No cancer stained high; medium in breast cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, melanoma.
HPA ICOS tissue · HPA ICOS pathology · HPA protein class: CD markers
Human Protein Atlas version 25.1, antibody staining at reliability approved, enhanced or supported; used under CC BY-SA 3.0. Staining counts are patients per level in the atlas cohort, not population prevalence.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"ICOS" OR ABSTRACT:"ICOS" OR TITLE:"inducible T cell costimulator" OR ABSTRACT:"inducible T cell costimulator" OR TITLE:"Inducible T-cell costimulator" OR ABSTRACT:"Inducible T-cell costimulator" OR TITLE:"AILIM" OR ABSTRACT:"AILIM" OR TITLE:"CD278" OR ABSTRACT:"CD278") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about ICOS, not a curated reading list.