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Palonosetron (Aloxi) is a long-acting anti-sickness injection given once before chemotherapy; a single dose covers both the first day and the delayed nausea that follows.
Palonosetron was approved by the FDA in July 2003 for prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy and acute nausea and vomiting with highly emetogenic chemotherapy, on randomised trials against ondansetron and dolasetron in which a single 0.25 mg dose was non-inferior in the acute phase and superior over five days; post-operative nausea (2008) and a paediatric indication from one month of age (2014) followed. The EU authorised Aloxi in 2005. It is the 5-HT3 partner in the Akynzeo fixed combination with netupitant and is preferred by MASCC/ESMO guidelines for moderately emetogenic regimens when an NK1 antagonist is not used. Headache and constipation are the main adverse effects, with less QT effect than first-generation agents.
High-affinity 5-HT3 antagonist with a 40-hour half-life that also triggers receptor internalisation and inhibits crosstalk with NK1 signalling, which is thought to explain its effect on delayed emesis.
1.Palonosetron slips into a pocket on its target.
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| Region | Year | Indication |
|---|---|---|
| US | 2003 | Acute and delayed nausea and vomiting with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy; acute with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (paediatric from 1 month added 2014) |
| EU | 2005 | Prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (Aloxi) |
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Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Palonosetron" OR ABSTRACT:"Palonosetron" OR TITLE:"Aloxi" OR ABSTRACT:"Aloxi" OR TITLE:"Posfrea" OR ABSTRACT:"Posfrea") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Palonosetron, not a curated reading list.
Shares Netupitant and palonosetron, Aprepitant (and fosaprepitant), Antiemetics for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and the tag supportive.
Shares Antiemetics for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and the tag supportive.
Shares Antiemetics for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and the tag supportive.
Shares Treatment of Refractory Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Breast Cancer, Aprepitant (and fosaprepitant), Antiemetics for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and the tag supportive.
Shares 5-HT3 receptor (HTR3A), Netupitant and palonosetron, Aprepitant (and fosaprepitant).