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GD2 is a sugar-fat molecule on the surface of neuroblastoma cells (and some other childhood and adult tumours) with almost none on normal tissue except nerves, which is why anti-GD2 drugs cause pain. This dossier gathers the 2 products (2 approved), 10 trials, 0 pathways and 0 resistance routes in the corpus that involve it, with external identifiers so it can be joined to UniProt, ChEMBL, Open Targets and the rest of biology.
Glycosphingolipid synthesised by GD2 synthase (B4GALNT1); not internalised efficiently, so antibodies act by ADCC/CDC rather than as ADC carriers.
| Modality | Approved |
|---|---|
| Antibody 2 |
| Trial | Setting | Result | Products | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SIOPEN HR-NBL1 NCT01704716 | 3 | Mixed | High-risk neuroblastoma (Europe): multiple randomisations, including busulfan-melphalan vs CEM conditioning and dinutuximab beta ± IL-2 | BuMel > CEM (EFS 50% vs 38%); IL-2 adds no benefit to anti-GD2. | |
COG ANBL0032 NCT00026312 | 3 | Positive | High-risk neuroblastoma after transplant: ch14.18 (dinutuximab) + GM-CSF + IL-2 + isotretinoin vs isotretinoin alone | 2-year EFS 66% vs 46%; OS 86% vs 75%. | |
| 3 | Recruiting | High-Risk Neuroblastoma Study 2 of SIOP-Europa-Neuroblastoma (SIOPEN) | - | ||
ANBL17P1 NCT03786783 | 2 | Positive | Newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma: a pilot induction regimen adding the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab and GM-CSF to the standard five-cycle chemotherapy induction, followed by tandem transplant and radiotherapy, with unacceptable toxicity and feasibility as the primary endpoints | No patient had unacceptable toxicity and none was a feasibility failure over the first five induction cycles with dinutuximab and GM-CSF added. | |
Naxitamab Study 201 NCT03363373 | 2 | Positive | Relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma in bone/bone marrow: naxitamab + GM-CSF | ORR 50%. | |
ANBL1221 NCT01767194 | 2 | Positive | Children with relapsed, refractory or progressive neuroblastoma: irinotecan and temozolomide with either temsirolimus or the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab plus GM-CSF, randomised, then a non-randomised expansion of the dinutuximab arm | Objective response 52.9 percent with irinotecan, temozolomide and dinutuximab against 5.6 percent with temsirolimus in the randomised part; 41.5 percent across all 53 dinutuximab-treated patients with one-year overall survival of 84.9 percent. | |
GD2-CART01 (Bambino Gesù phase 1/2) NCT03373097 | 1/2 | Positive | Relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma: third-generation GD2 CAR-T with inducible caspase-9 safety switch | ORR 63%, CR 33%; 3-year OS 60%. | - |
| 1/2 | Recruiting | A Phase 1/2 Adaptive Dose-Escalation and Expansion Study of Dual-Targeting Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer (CAR-NK) Cells Directed Against DLL3, CD56 (NCAM1), and/or GD2 in Adults With Relapsed/Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer | - | - | |
| 1/2 | Recruiting | A Phase 1/2 Adaptive Dose-Escalation and Expansion Study of Dual-Targeting Chimeric Antigen Receptor Natural Killer (CAR-NK) Cells Directed Against DLL3, CD56 (NCAM1), and/or GD2 in Adults With Relapsed/Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer | - | - | |
| 1/2 | Recruiting | Phase I/II Study of Naxitamab and Sacituzumab Govitecan in Patients With Metastatic Triple-negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) | - |
No recorded escape route names this target.
No pathway diagram carries this target as a node.
No companion diagnostic in the registry measures this target.
No model entry for this target yet; check the cancer entries on the models page.
No open questions recorded for this target yet. Suggest one.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"GD2" OR ABSTRACT:"GD2" OR TITLE:"disialoganglioside" OR ABSTRACT:"disialoganglioside" OR TITLE:"GD2 B4GALNT1 product" OR ABSTRACT:"GD2 B4GALNT1 product" OR TITLE:"Disialoganglioside GD2" OR ABSTRACT:"Disialoganglioside GD2") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about GD2 (disialoganglioside), not a curated reading list.
The dossier as machine-readable JSON, at /api/v1/dossiers/gd2.json: identifiers from HGNC, Ensembl, UniProt and ChEMBL, products with status, trials, pathways, hotspots, open questions and assays. The full entity record is in the open API at /api/v1/entities/gd2.json. Licence CC BY-NC 4.0.