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Transplanting gut bacteria from patients who responded to immunotherapy into those who did not. In small studies a minority of resistant melanomas started responding. Randomised trials are running.
Two single-arm phase 1 studies published together in Science in 2021 (Pittsburgh, NCT03341143; Sheba, NCT03353402) gave responder-derived faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) plus anti-PD-1 to patients with anti-PD-1-refractory melanoma: 6 of 15 and 3 of 10 patients had clinical benefit, with increased CD8 infiltration and engraftment of donor taxa. In the first-line setting, MIMic-01 (Montreal, NCT03772899, Nature Medicine 2023) combined healthy-donor FMT with anti-PD-1 in 20 patients and reported a 65% objective response rate, above historical controls. Randomised phase 2 trials are now running in Canada, Norway and the Netherlands using capsule FMT, and defined bacterial consortia and single-strain products (for example, CBM588, Akkermansia) are in development as a more controllable alternative. Donor screening, transmission risk and lack of a validated 'good microbiome' signature remain the problems.
Replacing a non-permissive gut community with a responder-derived one restores microbial signals (metabolites, pattern-recognition ligands) that prime dendritic cells and systemic anti-tumour T-cell immunity.
Query for this technology: (TITLE:"Faecal microbiota transplantation for PD-1 non-responders" OR ABSTRACT:"Faecal microbiota transplantation for PD-1 non-responders") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Faecal microbiota transplantation for PD-1 non-responders, not a curated reading list.
Shares Microbiome modulation to unlock immunotherapy, Gut microbiome diversity and composition, Dietary fibre and the gut microbiome for immunotherapy response, Microbiome-tumour interactions.
Shares Gut microbiome diversity and composition, Dietary fibre and the gut microbiome for immunotherapy response, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Renal cell carcinoma.
Shares Laurence Zitvogel, Dietary fibre and the gut microbiome for immunotherapy response, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Melanoma.
Shares Gut microbiome diversity and composition, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct, Dietary fibre and the gut microbiome for immunotherapy response, Microbiome-tumour interactions.
Shares Laurence Zitvogel, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Renal cell carcinoma, Melanoma.
Shares FMT plus pembrolizumab in anti-PD-1-refractory melanoma (Pittsburgh), Nivolumab, Melanoma, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Nivolumab, Melanoma, Pembrolizumab.
Shares FMT plus pembrolizumab in anti-PD-1-refractory melanoma (Pittsburgh), Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.