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Machines built or modified to deliver a whole radiation dose in a fraction of a second, so scientists can test whether ultra-fast dosing spares healthy tissue in people the way it does in animals.
Ordinary linacs deliver a few gray a minute; FLASH needs dose rates of tens of gray a second, so it requires either a purpose-built electron accelerator, a proton system with its beam current and scanning re-engineered, or an intraoperative electron machine run in a special mode. The Oriatron eRT6, a 6 MeV electron linac built by PMB-Alcen for Lausanne University Hospital, gave the first human FLASH treatment in 2018 to a patient with a cutaneous lymphoma lesion. IntraOp's Mobetron mobile electron linac offers a FLASH mode for research, and PMB-Alcen's spin-off THERYQ is developing a dedicated FLASHKNiFE electron system and, with CERN and Lausanne, very high energy electron machines for deep tumours. Varian modified a ProBeam proton system for the FAST-01 trial at the Cincinnati Children's/UC Health proton centre, the first proton FLASH trial in people, treating painful bone metastases, followed by FAST-02.
These machines are research instruments: electron FLASH reaches only a few centimetres deep, proton FLASH so far uses transmission beams that pass through the patient rather than stopping in the tumour, dosimetry at these rates needs new detectors, and the sparing effect has yet to be shown in a randomised trial. If the biology holds, the payoff would be higher tumour doses with fewer side effects and treatment so fast that organ motion stops mattering.
High-current electron linacs or re-engineered proton systems deliver dose rates above roughly 40 gray a second so that an entire fraction is completed in milliseconds, the regime in which preclinical studies show normal-tissue sparing.
One technology page on OnCo cites this paper by its DOI; this record gives the citation a page of its own so a reader can follow it without leaving OnCo. Read the abstract above alongside the citing page listed under Related; the record was created automatically from the Europe PMC entry and its figures have not been checked by hand.
One technology page on OnCo cites this paper by its DOI; this record gives the citation a page of its own so a reader can follow it without leaving OnCo. Read the abstract above alongside the citing page listed under Related; the record was created automatically from the Europe PMC entry and its figures have not been checked by hand.
Query for this technology: (TITLE:"FLASH research accelerators" OR ABSTRACT:"FLASH research accelerators" OR TITLE:"Oriatron, Mobetron FLASH, ProBeam FLASH" OR ABSTRACT:"Oriatron, Mobetron FLASH, ProBeam FLASH") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about FLASH research accelerators (Oriatron, Mobetron FLASH, ProBeam FLASH), not a curated reading list.
Shares In vivo dosimetry and patient-specific quality assurance, Radiotherapy QA phantoms and dosimeters (Sun Nuclear, IBA Dosimetry, PTW), C-arm medical linear accelerators (TrueBeam, Versa HD and others), Varian (Siemens Healthineers) and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares In vivo dosimetry and patient-specific quality assurance, Radiotherapy QA phantoms and dosimeters (Sun Nuclear, IBA Dosimetry, PTW) and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares In vivo dosimetry and patient-specific quality assurance, Radiotherapy QA phantoms and dosimeters (Sun Nuclear, IBA Dosimetry, PTW) and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares Radiotherapy QA phantoms and dosimeters (Sun Nuclear, IBA Dosimetry, PTW), Varian (Siemens Healthineers), Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares C-arm medical linear accelerators (TrueBeam, Versa HD and others), Varian (Siemens Healthineers), Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares Proton therapy machines: cyclotrons, synchrotrons and single-room systems, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome), Skin cancer (all types) and the tag machines-wave2.
Shares Skin cancer (all types), Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and the tag machines-wave2.