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The first lymph node cancer reaches is also where the immune system learns to fight it. Injecting immunotherapy into that node before surgery, instead of removing it blindly, may work better.
Tumour-draining lymph nodes hold the stem-like precursor T cells that checkpoint blockade depends on, so removing or irradiating them may remove the substrate of response. Peritumoural or intranodal injection achieves high nodal exposure at a small fraction of the systemic dose, and small trials of peritumoural nivolumab in oral cancer and intratumoural ipilimumab in melanoma showed nodal immune activation.
One bottleneck page and 16 idea pages on OnCo cite this paper by its DOI; this record gives the citation a page of its own so a reader can follow it without leaving OnCo. Read the abstract above alongside the citing pages listed under Related; the record was created automatically from the Europe PMC entry and its figures have not been checked by hand.
One of the most cited trial reports Europe PMC returns for Nivolumab in Melanoma, so it is a natural first reading for anyone weighing the idea it is linked from. The record was linked automatically by title and abstract; read the abstract above and the paper itself before relying on any figure.
This trial settled which checkpoint to block first in melanoma and set the pattern for PD-1 antibodies displacing ipilimumab across cancers. Long-term follow-up later showed that many responders remained free of progression years after stopping treatment.
This paper launched the immunotherapy era. It was the first randomised evidence that taking a brake off the immune system could extend life in a solid cancer, and it introduced clinicians to immune-related adverse events and to responses that arrive late or after apparent progression. Ipilimumab alone has since been superseded by PD-1 antibodies and combinations, but every checkpoint programme traces back to this result.
Shares Christian Blank, John Haanen, NADINA, Immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
Shares Major pathological response (MPR), NADINA, Sentinel lymph node biopsy, Ipilimumab.
Shares John Haanen, Hodi 2010: ipilimumab, the first checkpoint inhibitor, extends survival in metastatic melanoma, CheckMate 067, Immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
Shares CheckMate 915, CheckMate 238, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab.
Shares Hodi 2010: ipilimumab, the first checkpoint inhibitor, extends survival in metastatic melanoma, CheckMate 067, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab.
Shares CheckMate 238, CheckMate 067, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab.
Shares Hodi 2010: ipilimumab, the first checkpoint inhibitor, extends survival in metastatic melanoma, CheckMate 067, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab.
Shares Hodi 2010: ipilimumab, the first checkpoint inhibitor, extends survival in metastatic melanoma, Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), Ipilimumab, Toxicity and quality of life are undervalued.