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7 treatment settings, 5 with more than one named option. Each section lays out the options the standard of care names, what each is for, the trials behind them with their recorded results, the side effects and cautions on record, and questions to ask. Built from the cancer page's standard-of-care rows; nothing here is advice for your case.
Comprehensive genomic profiling with fusion detection (RNA sequencing where DNA panels are negative) for every KRAS wild-type tumour; pathology review to exclude a periampullary primary.
Sequencing hundreds of cancer genes at once from a biopsy to find the mutations a drug can target.
A blood test that reads fragments of DNA shed by the tumour, so you can genotype or monitor cancer without a needle in the tumour.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Chemotherapy as for other pancreatic adenocarcinoma while sequencing is completed; a targeted drug first line only for NTRK or NRG1 fusions where the patient is unfit for chemotherapy.
FOLFIRINOX is a four-drug chemotherapy combination that, in 2011, became the first treatment to meaningfully extend life in metastatic pancreatic cancer; it is now the standard before and after surgery.
NALIRIFOX is a version of FOLFIRINOX using a liposome-wrapped irinotecan, approved in 2024 as a first-line option for metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel is the gentler of the two standard chemotherapy backbones for pancreatic cancer, and the base on which most new drugs are being tested.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
No side-effect rates or interaction flags are recorded for these options yet. The side-effect lookup and interaction checker cover the products that have them.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Zenocutuzumab (eNRGy), approved December 2024 for pancreatic cancer with an NRG1 fusion after prior systemic therapy.
Zenocutuzumab is the first drug for cancers driven by NRG1 gene fusions, working by blocking HER3 from receiving its growth signal.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
No side-effect rates or interaction flags are recorded for these options yet. The side-effect lookup and interaction checker cover the products that have them.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Larotrectinib or entrectinib, approved for NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours; repotrectinib after resistance.
The first drug approved for a gene fusion regardless of where the cancer started; it works in about 75% of NTRK-fusion cancers, from infant fibrosarcoma to salivary and thyroid cancers.
Entrectinib (Rozlytrek) is a pill for NTRK-fusion cancers and ROS1 lung cancer that reaches brain metastases.
A ROS1 and NTRK pill that also works after other ROS1 drugs fail, with dizziness as its signature side effect.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Dabrafenib plus trametinib for BRAF V600E (tumour-agnostic approval); MEK inhibitors for BRAF in-frame deletions on case-series evidence.
Dabrafenib plus trametinib is the BRAF-plus-MEK pill combination, approved for BRAF V600E lung cancer and, since 2022, for any solid tumour with that mutation.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
ALK, ROS1, RET and FGFR2 inhibitors extrapolated from other cancers; mismatch repair deficient tumours receive pembrolizumab.
A ROS1 and NTRK pill that also works after other ROS1 drugs fail, with dizziness as its signature side effect.
Pembrolizumab is a PD-1 blocking antibody approved in more than 40 settings, from melanoma and lung cancer to the first tumour-agnostic approval for mismatch-repair-deficient tumours in 2017, and before and after surgery in triple-negative breast cancer. A subcutaneous form arrived in 2025, and it is the backbone partner for ADCs and personalised neoantigen vaccines.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothyroidism (immune-mediated) · Pooled monotherapy data, >2,800 patients | 8% | - |
| Pneumonitis (immune-mediated) · Pooled monotherapy data, >2,800 patients | 3.4% | - |
| Colitis (immune-mediated) · Pooled monotherapy data, >2,800 patients | 1.7% | - |
| Hepatitis (immune-mediated) · Pooled monotherapy data, >2,800 patients | 0.7% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
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Chemotherapy; nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine approved in China after NOTABLE.
Nimotuzumab is a Cuban-developed antibody against EGFR approved in India, China, Cuba and other countries for head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and brain tumours, usually with radiotherapy; it causes far less rash than cetuximab but has never been approved in the United States or Europe.
A versatile chemotherapy used in pancreatic, bladder, lung, ovarian, breast and biliary cancers, in nasopharyngeal cancer, and as a bladder instillation.
Overall survival improved with nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine in KRAS wild-type disease.
No side-effect rates or interaction flags are recorded for these options yet. The side-effect lookup and interaction checker cover the products that have them.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.