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The trial that made PD-1 blockade the first choice over the older CTLA-4 drug, with a third of patients alive at ten years.
Pembrolizumab improved PFS and OS versus ipilimumab with fewer high-grade side effects. The 10-year analysis (Annals of Oncology 2024) reported OS 34.0% versus 23.6%; patients who completed two years of pembrolizumab had durable remissions off treatment. Established anti-PD-1 monotherapy as a first-line standard and the two-year treatment duration.
Numbers are from the trial as recorded here; see the source links in the table below. This is orientation, not medical advice: ask your team how closely the trial population matches you.
834 enrolled.
| Endpoint | Arm | n | Value | HR (95% CI) | p | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall survival at 10 years | Pembrolizumab | - | 34% | - | - | link |
| Ipilimumab | - | 23.6% |
Shares CTLA-4, Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Ipilimumab, PD-1.
Shares Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Merck & Co. (MSD), Melanoma, Pembrolizumab.
Shares Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Ipilimumab, Melanoma, Pembrolizumab.
Shares Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Merck & Co. (MSD), Melanoma, Pembrolizumab.
Shares CTLA-4, Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Ipilimumab, PD-1.
Shares Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Melanoma, Pembrolizumab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Melanoma, Pembrolizumab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares CTLA-4, Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV), Ipilimumab, PD-1.