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Mesothelioma comes in a slower 'epithelioid' form and an aggressive 'sarcomatoid' form. Chemotherapy works better in the first; immunotherapy helps most in the second.
Epithelioid (~60-70%) has median survival 14-18 months with chemotherapy; sarcomatoid (~10-20%) and biphasic (~20%) respond poorly to chemotherapy (median OS 8-12 months) but derived the largest benefit from nivolumab-ipilimumab in CheckMate 743 (OS 18.1 vs 8.8 months) and from pembrolizumab-chemotherapy. Histology is therefore the first branch in first-line decisions. BAP1 loss is common in epithelioid tumours; CDKN2A/MTAP deletion in sarcomatoid.
Central tumours arise in the large airways, peripheral ones in the alveoli; both drain to hilar then mediastinal nodes, and the pleural lining is a separate cancer site.
Same organ: Mediastinal germ cell tumour, Pleuropulmonary blastoma (types I, Ir, II and III), Type A and type AB thymoma, Type B1 and type B2 thymoma, Type B3 thymoma, Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma, Adenocarcinoma of the lung, Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, Large cell carcinoma of the lung, Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung, Adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung, Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung, Adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung, Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, Lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the lung, Pulmonary blastoma (adult), Non-small-cell lung cancer, Lung cancer (all types), Small-cell lung cancer, Pleural mesothelioma, Thymoma and thymic carcinoma, Childhood lung and airway tumours (pleuropulmonary blastoma, tracheobronchial tumours), Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT), EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer, ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, KRAS G12C-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer, ROS1-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, MET exon 14 and MET-amplified non-small-cell lung cancer, RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, BRAF V600E-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer, HER2-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer, NTRK fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer, PD-L1-high non-small-cell lung cancer without a driver mutation, Resectable stage I to III non-small-cell lung cancer, Unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer, Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer, Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, Lung neuroendocrine tumours (typical and atypical carcinoid), Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung, Thymoma (WHO types A, AB, B1, B2 and B3), Thymic carcinoma
Showing the organ this term concerns: Mesothelioma.
Shares CheckMate 743, Mesothelioma.
Shares CheckMate 743, Mesothelioma.
Shares BEAT-meso (ETOP 13-18), Mesothelioma.
Shares IND.227 / KEYNOTE-483, CheckMate 743, Mesothelioma.