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Drugs that kill rapidly dividing cells by damaging their DNA or the machinery of division. Because cancer cells divide fast they are hit hardest, but so are hair, gut lining and bone marrow, which is where the side effects come from.
The main families are DNA-damaging agents (platinums such as cisplatin and carboplatin, alkylators such as cyclophosphamide), antimetabolites that poison DNA building blocks (5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, methotrexate), topoisomerase inhibitors (irinotecan, etoposide, doxorubicin) and microtubule poisons that jam cell division (paclitaxel, docetaxel, vincristine). Given in cycles to let normal tissue recover, chemotherapy cures some cancers outright (testicular cancer, many lymphomas and childhood leukaemias), prevents recurrence after surgery, and controls advanced disease; it remains the backbone that newer drugs are added to. Its potency is also being repurposed: ADC payloads are chemotherapy agents far too toxic to give alone, delivered by antibody straight to the tumour.
Ball-and-stick model from PubChem 2D record (no 3D conformer available). PubChem record
Showing the molecule this term concerns: Carboplatin.
Shares Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters), Payload (ADC), Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
Shares Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters), Payload (ADC), Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
Shares Dose, Toxicity grade.
Shares Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters), Payload (ADC), Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
Shares Cell division, Cell cycle.
Shares Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters), Payload (ADC), Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel.
Shares Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters), Payload (ADC), Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads), Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).