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Restarting immunotherapy alongside a targeted pill after immunotherapy has already failed adds side effects and no benefit.
This caution pairing concerns restarting an immune checkpoint inhibitor together with an anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor in renal cell carcinoma after the disease has already progressed on immunotherapy. Two phase 3 trials tested it and both were negative: CONTACT-03 compared atezolizumab plus cabozantinib with cabozantinib alone, and TiNivo-2 compared nivolumab plus tivozanib with tivozanib alone. The explanation is that acquired resistance to PD-1 blockade is not overcome by adding a VEGF-directed TKI, and the apparent activity of IO-TKI after IO in earlier single-arm studies reflected the TKI. After progression on immunotherapy, single-agent cabozantinib, tivozanib or axitinib, or belzutifan, is standard, and immunotherapy rechallenge is reserved for clinical trials.
Shares TiNivo-2, Tivozanib, Renal cell carcinoma.
Shares CONTACT-03, Atezolizumab, Renal cell carcinoma, Nivolumab.
Shares Tivozanib, Atezolizumab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Cabozantinib, Anti-angiogenic therapy, Renal cell carcinoma, Nivolumab.
Shares Cabozantinib, Anti-angiogenic therapy, Renal cell carcinoma.
Shares Cabozantinib, Atezolizumab, Anti-angiogenic therapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Cabozantinib, Atezolizumab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shares Cabozantinib, Anti-angiogenic therapy, Renal cell carcinoma.