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Review on PD-1 in Non-small-cell lung cancer, in American journal of clinical oncology (2016), one of the most cited Europe PMC records with PD-1 in its title.
The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoints are negative regulators of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of these targets, resulting in increased activation of the immune system, has led to new immunotherapies for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. Ipilimumab, an inhibitor of CTLA-4, is approved for the treatment of advanced or unresectable melanoma. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both PD-1 inhibitors, are approved to treat patients with advanced or metastatic melanoma and patients with metastatic, refractory non-small cell lung cancer. In addition the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab has been approved in patients with BRAF WT metastatic or unresectable melanoma. The roles of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in inhibiting immune responses, including antitumor responses, are largely distinct. CTLA-4 is thought to regulate T-cell proliferation early in an immune response, primarily in lymph nodes, whereas PD-1 suppresses T cells later in an immune response, primarily in peripheral tissues. The clinical profiles of immuno-oncology agents inhibiting these 2 checkpoints may vary based on their mechanistic differences. This article provides an overview of the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways and implications of their inhibition in cancer therapy.
Indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 26558876 (DOI 10.1097/coc.0000000000000239). Its title names PD-1 and its text names Non-small-cell lung cancer; PubMed types it as a review (review-article, Review). It was matched automatically to the idea "Give immunotherapy in the morning" and no figure has been checked by an editor.
One of the most cited reviews Europe PMC returns for PD-1 in Non-small-cell lung cancer, so it is a natural first reading for anyone weighing the idea it is linked from. The record was linked automatically by title and abstract; read the abstract above and the paper itself before relying on any figure.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.
Shares Give immunotherapy in the morning, Microbiome transplant as a routine immunotherapy adjunct.