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NRG1 (Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform) is a protein on the cell surface. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor, a biomarker, a fusion partner and an antigen, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer, Thyroid cancer, Breast cancer and 5 more. This dossier gathers the 0 products (0 approved), 1 trial, 0 pathways and 0 resistance routes in the corpus that involve it, with external identifiers so it can be joined to UniProt, ChEMBL, Open Targets and the rest of biology.
Direct ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors. Concomitantly recruits ERBB1 and ERBB2 coreceptors, resulting in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the ERBB receptors. The multiple isoforms perform diverse functions such as inducing growth and differentiation of epithelial, glial, neuronal, and skeletal muscle cells; inducing expression of acetylcholine receptor in synaptic vesicles during the formation of the neuromuscular junction; stimulating lobuloalveolar budding and milk production in the mammary gland and inducing differentiation of mammary tumour cells; stimulating Schwann cell proliferation; implication in the development of the myocardium such as trabeculation of the developing heart. Isoform 10 may play a role in motor and sensory neuron development. Binds to ERBB4. Binds to ERBB3. Location: Cell membrane; Secreted; Nucleus; Membrane (UniProt). Locus 8p12 (HGNC).
| Cancer | Prevalence | Measure | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 0.3-1% | Gene fusion (ATP1B1-NRG1, CD44-NRG1 and others) | cBioPortal structural variants: 6 of 2,336 samples, 0.26% (ATP1B1-NRG1 2, CD44-NRG1 1, NOTCH2-NRG1 1), in pdac_msk_2024 and 2 of 184, 1.1% (ATP1B1-NRG1, UBXN8-NRG1), in paad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; 1.3% of 266 KRAS wild-type tumours (Philip 2022); recurrent in KRAS wild-type young adults, with ERBB inhibition giving remissions of liver metastases in 2 patients (Heining 2018); present in all 3 KRAS wild-type tumours among 47 whole genomes, with rapid responses to afatinib in 2 (Jones 2019). Zenocutuzumab gave responses in 15 of 36 pancreatic patients, 42%, in eNRGy (Schram 2025). | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| Non-small-cell lung cancer | 0.3% | Rearrangement, commonly CD74-NRG1, in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma | 25 of the non-small-cell lung cancers among 21,858 tumours profiled by anchored multiplex RNA sequencing carried an NRG1 fusion, 0.3% of the lung cases and the highest incidence of any tumour type in the series (Jonna 2019). cBioPortal structural variants: 7 of 2,422, 0.3%, in luad_mskcc_2023_met_organotropism; 2 of 232 in lung_nci_2022 (CD74-NRG1 and SLC3A2-NRG1); 2 of 2,621 in nsclc_ctdx_msk_2022. The fusion was discovered by transcriptome sequencing of 25 never-smoker adenocarcinomas, then found in 4 more of 102 driver-negative tumours, all of the invasive mucinous subtype (Fernandez-Cuesta 2014). | doi.org |
Approximate, population-level figures; the measure column says what was counted. Ranges show the midpoint as a bar.
No product in the corpus is aimed at this target yet.
| Trial | Setting | Result | Products | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Active | A Phase I/II Study of MCLA-128, a Full Length IgG1 Bispecific Antibody Targeting HER2 and HER3, in Patients With Solid Tumors (eNRGy) | Objective response 30 percent across 158 evaluable NRG1 fusion-positive cancers, 42 percent (15 of 36) in pancreatic cancer; median duration of response 11.1 months; median progression-free survival 6.8 months. |
No recorded escape route names this target.
No pathway diagram carries this target as a node.
No companion diagnostic in the registry measures this target.
No model entry for this target yet; check the cancer entries on the models page.
No open questions recorded for this target yet. Suggest one.
Query for this target: (TITLE:"NRG1" OR ABSTRACT:"NRG1" OR TITLE:"neuregulin 1" OR ABSTRACT:"neuregulin 1" OR TITLE:"Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform" OR ABSTRACT:"Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform" OR TITLE:"NRG1-IT2" OR ABSTRACT:"NRG1-IT2") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about NRG1, not a curated reading list.
The dossier as machine-readable JSON, at /api/v1/dossiers/nrg1.json: identifiers from HGNC, Ensembl, UniProt and ChEMBL, products with status, trials, pathways, hotspots, open questions and assays. The full entity record is in the open API at /api/v1/entities/nrg1.json. Licence CC BY-NC 4.0.