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GlobeImmune is a Colorado biotech that used whole heat-killed yeast to deliver tumour antigens to the immune system; GI-6301 carried the transcription factor brachyury for chordoma and other cancers.
GlobeImmune developed Tarmogens, heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast engineered to express disease antigens, which are taken up by dendritic cells and drive antigen-specific T-cell responses. GI-6301 expresses brachyury, a transcription factor that drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and is the defining marker of chordoma; it was studied with radiotherapy in a randomised phase 2 chordoma trial run with the National Cancer Institute. GI-4000, targeting mutant RAS, was tested in pancreatic cancer and lung cancer.
GI-6301 was a vaccine made from yeast carrying brachyury, the protein that chordomas depend on. Given with radiotherapy in a randomised trial it did not improve tumour responses.