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9 slides generated from the cancer page, with a quiz from the open benchmark and speaker notes that cite the sources. Arrow keys move between slides; Print gives one slide per page.
Low-grade serous cancer is the slow-growing, chemotherapy-resistant cousin of the common ovarian cancer. Surgery and hormone therapy are its mainstays, and MEK inhibitors, alone or combined with a FAK inhibitor, are the first drugs shown to shrink it reliably.
Low-grade serous carcinoma is a distinct disease with wild-type TP53 and mutations in the MAPK pathway (KRAS, BRAF, NRAS) in about half of cases; it often arises from a serous borderline tumour and expresses oestrogen receptors. Complete surgical removal matters more than in high-grade disease because chemotherapy response rates are low; letrozole or other aromatase inhibitors are used as maintenance and for recurrence. The GOG 281 trial showed that the MEK inhibitor trametinib nearly doubled progression-free survival compared with standard chemotherapy or hormone therapy in recurrent disease, and the combination of avutometinib and defactinib was approved in the United States in 2025 for KRAS-mutant recurrent disease after the RAMP 201 trial.
| Setting | Approach | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| First line | Complete cytoreductive surgery; carboplatin-paclitaxel followed by letrozole maintenance, or letrozole alone in selected patients. | not mapped |
| Recurrent disease | Trametinib (GOG 281) or avutometinib plus defactinib for KRAS-mutant tumours; aromatase inhibitors; secondary surgery where complete resection is possible. | not mapped |
| Maintenance | Letrozole after first-line treatment, continued for years while tolerated. | not mapped |