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10 slides generated from the cancer page, with a quiz from the open benchmark and speaker notes that cite the sources. Arrow keys move between slides; Print gives one slide per page.
Clear cell ovarian cancer grows out of endometriosis, is usually caught early and cured by surgery, but when advanced it resists platinum chemotherapy. Its distinct genetics, with ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations, are the focus of targeted and immune approaches.
Clear cell carcinoma is strongly associated with endometriosis and is commoner in East Asian women. About half carry ARID1A mutations and a third PIK3CA mutations; TP53 is usually wild-type. It presents as a large unilateral mass, often at stage I, with a raised risk of venous thromboembolism and hypercalcaemia. Surgery is curative for most early disease, with adjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel for stage IC and above; advanced and recurrent disease respond poorly to chemotherapy and do not benefit from PARP inhibitors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have produced responses in a minority, and trials target ARID1A loss (ATR and EZH2 inhibitors), PI3K and the hypoxia pathway.
| Setting | Approach | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| Early stage | Complete staging surgery; adjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel for stage IC and above; observation may be considered for stage IA. | not mapped |
| Advanced or recurrent | Cytoreduction and platinum-based chemotherapy despite modest responses; clinical trials of immunotherapy and ARID1A-directed drugs are preferred where available. | not mapped |
| Supportive | Thromboprophylaxis awareness because of the high clot risk. | not mapped |