{"slug":"uk","tag":"uk","variants":["uk"],"description":"NHS centres, charities, trials, people and decisions based in or centred on the United Kingdom.","count":122,"kinds":{"institution":35,"person":44,"trial":31,"collection":2,"term":8,"technology":2},"related":[{"slug":"nhs","tag":"nhs","shared":22},{"slug":"hpb","tag":"hpb","shared":19},{"slug":"trialist","tag":"trialist","shared":18},{"slug":"colorectal","tag":"colorectal","shared":16},{"slug":"lung","tag":"lung","shared":16},{"slug":"screening","tag":"screening","shared":14},{"slug":"charity","tag":"charity","shared":13},{"slug":"breast","tag":"breast","shared":10},{"slug":"pancreatic","tag":"pancreatic","shared":10},{"slug":"skin","tag":"skin","shared":9},{"slug":"prostate","tag":"prostate","shared":8},{"slug":"law","tag":"law","shared":6}],"records":[{"id":"pancreatic-cancer-uk","kind":"institution","name":"Pancreatic Cancer UK","route":"/institutions/pancreatic-cancer-uk/","tldr":"The UK's pancreatic cancer charity: a specialist nurse Support Line, the list of NHS specialist centres, the Optimal Care Pathway that GIRFT and the national audit measure against, research funding and the campaign to end PERT shortages."},{"id":"pancreatic-cancer-action","kind":"institution","name":"Pancreatic Cancer Action","route":"/institutions/pancreatic-cancer-action/","tldr":"A UK charity founded by a pancreatic cancer survivor that works on early diagnosis: symptom awareness campaigns and education for GPs and the public."},{"id":"wolfson-wohl-cancer-research-centre","kind":"institution","name":"Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow","route":"/institutions/wolfson-wohl-cancer-research-centre/","tldr":"The University of Glasgow's cancer research centre on the Garscube estate, home to Andrew Biankin's pancreatic cancer genomics group and the Precision-Panc programme that ran the PRIMUS trials through NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde."},{"id":"hull-castle-hill","kind":"institution","name":"Castle Hill Hospital, Hull (Queen's Centre)","route":"/institutions/hull-castle-hill/","tldr":"The HPB specialist centre for Hull and East Yorkshire, one of the 23 English surgical hubs in the National Pancreatic Cancer Audit and a Precision-Panc site."},{"id":"royal-stoke-uhnm","kind":"institution","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","route":"/institutions/royal-stoke-uhnm/","tldr":"The HPB specialist centre for Staffordshire, Shropshire (including part of mid Wales) and Wolverhampton."},{"id":"uhcw-coventry","kind":"institution","name":"University Hospital Coventry","route":"/institutions/uhcw-coventry/","tldr":"The HPB specialist centre for Coventry and Warwickshire; its Macmillan HPB clinical nurse specialist sits on the GIRFT pancreatic cancer team."},{"id":"royal-surrey-guildford","kind":"institution","name":"Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford","route":"/institutions/royal-surrey-guildford/","tldr":"The regional hepato-pancreato-biliary unit for Surrey and its neighbours, one of the 23 English HPB specialist centres."},{"id":"royal-blackburn-elht","kind":"institution","name":"Royal Blackburn Hospital (East Lancashire HPB MDT)","route":"/institutions/royal-blackburn-elht/","tldr":"The East Lancashire specialist HPB cancer MDT, one of the 23 English HPB specialist centres; the trust site blocks automated readers, so its listing rests on the audit and Pancreatic Cancer UK."},{"id":"ninewells-dundee","kind":"institution","name":"Ninewells Hospital, Dundee","route":"/institutions/ninewells-dundee/","tldr":"A surgical centre for NHS Scotland North; a Precision-Panc and ginisortamab trial site and home of the TAYCAN liquid biopsy study."},{"id":"aberdeen-royal-infirmary","kind":"institution","name":"Aberdeen Royal Infirmary","route":"/institutions/aberdeen-royal-infirmary/","tldr":"A surgical centre for NHS Scotland North, serving Grampian and the islands; a Precision-Panc and ginisortamab trial site."},{"id":"raigmore-inverness","kind":"institution","name":"Raigmore Hospital, Inverness","route":"/institutions/raigmore-inverness/","tldr":"The surgical centre for the Highland area of NHS Scotland North."},{"id":"andrew-biankin","kind":"person","name":"Andrew Biankin","route":"/people/andrew-biankin/","tldr":"The Glasgow surgeon-scientist who mapped the genomic subtypes of pancreatic cancer and built Precision-Panc, the UK programme that profiled tumours to route patients into the PRIMUS trials."},{"id":"paula-ghaneh","kind":"person","name":"Paula Ghaneh","route":"/people/paula-ghaneh/","tldr":"Liverpool pancreatic surgeon, chief investigator of ESPAC5, the UK trial of short-course neoadjuvant treatment for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, and a co-author of ESPAC-3 and ESPAC-4."},{"id":"daniel-palmer","kind":"person","name":"Daniel Palmer","route":"/people/daniel-palmer/","tldr":"Liverpool medical oncologist, second author of ESPAC-4 and co-lead of ESPAC5, who directs the Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and leads the national GIRFT review of pancreatic cancer services."},{"id":"chris-halloran","kind":"person","name":"Chris Halloran","route":"/people/chris-halloran/","tldr":"Liverpool pancreatic surgeon who leads EUROPAC, the UK registry and surveillance programme for families with inherited pancreatic cancer risk and hereditary pancreatitis."},{"id":"bill-greenhalf","kind":"person","name":"Bill Greenhalf","route":"/people/bill-greenhalf/","tldr":"Liverpool molecular scientist behind the EUROPAC registry's laboratory work and the biomarker analyses of the ESPAC trial samples."},{"id":"europac","kind":"trial","name":"EUROPAC","route":"/trials/europac/","status":"recruiting","tldr":"The UK's registry and screening programme for families with inherited pancreatic cancer risk, run from Liverpool since 2000; its 2026 outcomes paper shows risk-stratified surveillance finds four times more actionable lesions."},{"id":"precision-panc","kind":"trial","name":"Precision-Panc","route":"/trials/precision-panc/","status":"completed","tldr":"The UK precision medicine platform for pancreatic cancer, led from Glasgow: profile the tumour at diagnosis, then route the patient to a matching PRIMUS trial."},{"id":"breast-cancer-now","kind":"institution","name":"Breast Cancer Now","route":"/institutions/breast-cancer-now/","tldr":"The UK's breast cancer research and support charity: a free nurse helpline, the Someone Like Me peer service, Moving Forward courses, an online forum and patient information on triple-negative disease, alongside funding of the Toby Robins Research Centre at the ICR."},{"id":"jean-abraham","kind":"person","name":"Jean Abraham","route":"/people/jean-abraham/","tldr":"Chief investigator of PARTNER, the UK trial of neoadjuvant olaparib with platinum chemotherapy in triple-negative and BRCA-associated breast cancer, run from Addenbrooke's across 23 NHS sites (30 on the ClinicalTrials.gov record)."},{"id":"ellen-copson","kind":"person","name":"Ellen Copson","route":"/people/ellen-copson/","tldr":"First author of POSH, the UK prospective cohort of young-onset breast cancer that showed germline BRCA carriers did no worse than non-carriers, and the ones with triple-negative disease did better in the first two years."},{"id":"anne-armstrong","kind":"person","name":"Anne Armstrong","route":"/people/anne-armstrong/","tldr":"Medical oncologist who co-chairs the breast disease group at The Christie, the Manchester cancer centre that is a site of the PHOENIX, PARTNER and ASCENT-05 trials for triple-negative disease."},{"id":"tnt","kind":"trial","name":"TNT (Triple Negative Trial)","route":"/trials/tnt/","status":"mixed","tldr":"The UK phase 3 trial that showed carboplatin is not better than docetaxel for triple-negative breast cancer as a whole, but is for the germline BRCA1/2 subgroup, and that gave the NHS its evidence for platinum in BRCA carriers."},{"id":"partner","kind":"trial","name":"PARTNER","route":"/trials/partner/","status":"positive","tldr":"The Cambridge-led UK trial that added olaparib to neoadjuvant carboplatin and paclitaxel for triple-negative and BRCA breast cancer and found the 48-hour gap schedule gave 100 percent three-year survival in the germline BRCA group."},{"id":"bowel-cancer-uk","kind":"institution","name":"Bowel Cancer UK","route":"/institutions/bowel-cancer-uk/","tldr":"The UK's bowel cancer charity: information and an email service answered by colorectal nurses, the Never Too Young campaign for younger patients, and the policy work that pushes the NHS on screening, Lynch syndrome testing and emergency diagnosis."},{"id":"bowel-research-uk","kind":"institution","name":"Bowel Research UK","route":"/institutions/bowel-research-uk/","tldr":"The UK medical research charity for bowel disease: small proof-of-concept grants and PhDs in bowel cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, with patients on its review panels."},{"id":"david-sebag-montefiore","kind":"person","name":"David Sebag-Montefiore","route":"/people/david-sebag-montefiore/","tldr":"The Leeds clinical oncologist who led CR07, the trial that made short-course radiotherapy before surgery the standard for rectal cancer, and who now works on preserving the rectum instead of removing it."},{"id":"matt-seymour","kind":"person","name":"Matt Seymour","route":"/people/matt-seymour/","tldr":"The Leeds oncologist behind the FOCUS trials, which asked how best to sequence chemotherapy for advanced bowel cancer, and a leader of FOxTROT, which moved chemotherapy before surgery in colon cancer."},{"id":"dion-morton","kind":"person","name":"Dion Morton","route":"/people/dion-morton/","tldr":"The Birmingham surgeon who chairs FOxTROT and runs the surgical trials programme that tests how bowel cancer operations are done, not just which drugs come with them."},{"id":"john-burn","kind":"person","name":"John Burn","route":"/people/john-burn/","tldr":"The Newcastle geneticist whose CAPP2 trial showed that two years of aspirin cuts bowel cancer in people born with Lynch syndrome, a result that still shapes NHS advice."},{"id":"rachel-kerr","kind":"person","name":"Rachel Kerr","route":"/people/rachel-kerr/","tldr":"The Oxford oncologist who led QUASAR 2 and co-led SCOT, the trial that cut adjuvant chemotherapy for bowel cancer from six months to three without losing benefit."},{"id":"tim-maughan","kind":"person","name":"Tim Maughan","route":"/people/tim-maughan/","tldr":"The oncologist who led COIN, which showed that adding cetuximab to first-line chemotherapy did not extend life even in RAS wild-type bowel cancer, and who ran the UK's molecularly stratified platform trial."},{"id":"naureen-starling","kind":"person","name":"Naureen Starling","route":"/people/naureen-starling/","tldr":"The Royal Marsden oncologist who runs the UK trial testing whether a blood test for leftover tumour DNA can decide who needs chemotherapy after bowel cancer surgery."},{"id":"ian-chau","kind":"person","name":"Ian Chau","route":"/people/ian-chau/","tldr":"A Royal Marsden gastrointestinal oncologist who has shaped UK colorectal and upper gastrointestinal trials and who works on the blood test for residual disease after bowel surgery."},{"id":"quasar","kind":"trial","name":"QUASAR","route":"/trials/quasar/","status":"positive","tldr":"The UK trial that measured exactly how small the benefit of chemotherapy is after surgery for early bowel cancer, turning a default into a conversation."},{"id":"scot","kind":"trial","name":"SCOT","route":"/trials/scot/","status":"positive","tldr":"The Glasgow-led trial that halved the length of chemotherapy after bowel cancer surgery, sparing thousands of people lasting nerve damage."},{"id":"cr07","kind":"trial","name":"MRC CR07","route":"/trials/cr07/","status":"positive","tldr":"The UK trial that settled how rectal cancer is treated before surgery: five days of radiotherapy for everyone beats waiting to see who needs it afterwards."},{"id":"foxtrot","kind":"trial","name":"FOxTROT","route":"/trials/foxtrot/","status":"positive","tldr":"The UK trial that showed giving some chemotherapy before the operation for colon cancer shrinks the tumour, leaves cleaner margins and cuts the chance of the cancer coming back."},{"id":"coin","kind":"trial","name":"MRC COIN","route":"/trials/coin/","status":"negative","tldr":"The UK trial that checked whether adding an antibody to first-line chemotherapy for advanced bowel cancer helps people live longer, and found it does not."},{"id":"mercury","kind":"trial","name":"MERCURY","route":"/trials/mercury/","status":"positive","tldr":"The study that proved a scan can tell, before any surgery, whether the surgeon will get all of a rectal cancer out, which is why every rectal cancer in the NHS now gets an MRI first."},{"id":"star-trec","kind":"trial","name":"STAR-TREC","route":"/trials/star-trec/","status":"active","tldr":"The UK-led trial asking whether people with rectal cancer can keep their rectum: give radiotherapy, see how the tumour responds, and operate only if it has to be removed."},{"id":"nottingham-fob","kind":"trial","name":"Nottingham faecal occult blood screening trial","route":"/trials/nottingham-fob/","status":"positive","tldr":"The Nottingham trial that proved a home stool test posted to a whole population reduces deaths from bowel cancer, and so created the NHS screening programme."},{"id":"ukfss","kind":"trial","name":"UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening Trial","route":"/trials/ukfss/","status":"positive","tldr":"The trial that showed one look inside the lower bowel in your late fifties can prevent a bowel cancer for life, and that a single test is enough."},{"id":"ammf","kind":"institution","name":"AMMF, the Cholangiocarcinoma Charity","route":"/institutions/ammf/","tldr":"The UK's only charity dedicated to cholangiocarcinoma and the other biliary tract cancers: patient information, a list of UK centres with expertise, research grants, an annual conference and a nurse study day."},{"id":"kings-college-hospital-london","kind":"institution","name":"King's College Hospital, London","route":"/institutions/kings-college-hospital-london/","tldr":"One of London's specialist liver and hepatobiliary centres, with a liver transplant programme; listed by the national audit as an HPB specialist centre and by AMMF as a centre with cholangiocarcinoma expertise."},{"id":"addenbrookes-cambridge","kind":"institution","name":"Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals","route":"/institutions/addenbrookes-cambridge/","tldr":"The East of England's HPB specialist centre, with liver transplantation; a BILCAP site and a site of the UK biliary microbiome study."},{"id":"manchester-royal-infirmary","kind":"institution","name":"Manchester Royal Infirmary HPB Unit","route":"/institutions/manchester-royal-infirmary/","tldr":"Greater Manchester's HPB surgical unit; works with The Christie, where the region's biliary oncology and the ABC trial series are based."},{"id":"liverpool-hpb-centre","kind":"institution","name":"Liverpool University Hospitals HPB centre (Aintree)","route":"/institutions/liverpool-hpb-centre/","tldr":"The North Western Hepatobiliary Centre at Aintree, serving Merseyside, Cheshire, North Wales and the Isle of Man; HPB surgeon Hassan Malik co-wrote the BSG cholangiocarcinoma guideline."},{"id":"derriford-plymouth","kind":"institution","name":"Derriford Hospital, University Hospitals Plymouth","route":"/institutions/derriford-plymouth/","tldr":"The HPB specialist centre for the South West Peninsula (Devon, Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly); a BILCAP site."},{"id":"glasgow-royal-infirmary","kind":"institution","name":"Glasgow Royal Infirmary","route":"/institutions/glasgow-royal-infirmary/","tldr":"The HPB surgical centre for the West of Scotland Cancer Network; chemotherapy and immunotherapy are given at the Beatson."},{"id":"royal-infirmary-edinburgh","kind":"institution","name":"Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh","route":"/institutions/royal-infirmary-edinburgh/","tldr":"The HPB surgical centre for the South East Scotland Cancer Network, with liver transplantation; non-surgical treatment at the Western General."},{"id":"morriston-swansea","kind":"institution","name":"Morriston Hospital, Swansea","route":"/institutions/morriston-swansea/","tldr":"The HPB surgical centre for South Wales; oncology at Singleton Hospital and Velindre."},{"id":"university-hospital-wales-cardiff","kind":"institution","name":"University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff","route":"/institutions/university-hospital-wales-cardiff/","tldr":"Cardiff's liver surgery service, listed by AMMF as a UK centre with cholangiocarcinoma expertise; oncology at Velindre."},{"id":"belfast-trust-hpb","kind":"institution","name":"Belfast Health and Social Care Trust HPB service","route":"/institutions/belfast-trust-hpb/","tldr":"Northern Ireland's single HPB cancer service, within the Belfast Trust; systemic treatment at the Northern Ireland Cancer Centre."},{"id":"john-bridgewater","kind":"person","name":"John Bridgewater","route":"/people/john-bridgewater/","tldr":"Senior author of the UK's two standard-setting biliary trials, ABC-02 and BILCAP, chief investigator of ABC-06, and UK lead of the first-line precision medicine trial SAFIR-ABC10."},{"id":"mairead-mcnamara","kind":"person","name":"Mairéad McNamara","route":"/people/mairead-mcnamara/","tldr":"Leads biliary tract cancer trials at The Christie, the Manchester centre behind the ABC trial series, and is a member of the international biliary trial collaborations."},{"id":"shahid-khan","kind":"person","name":"Shahid A. Khan","route":"/people/shahid-khan/","tldr":"Hepatologist who documented the rise of cholangiocarcinoma in the UK and senior author of the 2023 British Society of Gastroenterology guideline that sets out how NHS teams should diagnose and manage it."},{"id":"hassan-malik","kind":"person","name":"Hassan Malik","route":"/people/hassan-malik/","tldr":"Liver surgeon at Aintree who co-wrote the BSG cholangiocarcinoma guideline and is a co-author of the UK-wide CAPBIL studies of gallbladder cancer surgery; a past president of the British Association of Surgical Oncology."},{"id":"uk-hpb-specialist-centres","kind":"collection","name":"UK specialist HPB cancer centres","route":"/collections/uk-hpb-specialist-centres/","tldr":"Where HPB cancer surgery happens in the UK: about two dozen specialist centres, each with a weekly specialist MDT that takes every treatment decision for gallbladder and bile duct cancer in its region."},{"id":"roy-castle-lung-cancer-foundation","kind":"institution","name":"Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation","route":"/institutions/roy-castle-lung-cancer-foundation/","tldr":"The only UK charity that works on lung cancer alone: a nurse-answered helpline, information days and support groups around the country, research fellowships, and the campaigning that pushed the NHS towards a national screening programme."},{"id":"royal-papworth","kind":"institution","name":"Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","route":"/institutions/royal-papworth/","tldr":"The specialist heart and lung hospital on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus, and one of the 26 NHS thoracic units in England that operate on lung cancer."},{"id":"liverpool-heart-and-chest","kind":"institution","name":"Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","route":"/institutions/liverpool-heart-and-chest/","tldr":"The specialist heart and chest hospital for Cheshire and Merseyside, which calls its thoracic service one of the largest and busiest specialist thoracic surgical units in the country."},{"id":"philip-crosbie","kind":"person","name":"Philip Crosbie","route":"/people/philip-crosbie/","tldr":"The Manchester respiratory physician who showed that if you park a CT scanner in a supermarket car park in a poor part of the city, people come, and the cancers you find are early ones."},{"id":"matthew-callister","kind":"person","name":"Matthew Callister","route":"/people/matthew-callister/","tldr":"The Leeds respiratory physician who ran the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial, the trial that worked out which risk rule the NHS should use to decide who gets a screening scan."},{"id":"john-field","kind":"person","name":"John Field","route":"/people/john-field/","tldr":"The Liverpool scientist behind the UK Lung Cancer Screening trial and the Liverpool Lung Project risk model, which is one of the two rules the NHS uses to decide who is invited for a scan."},{"id":"david-baldwin","kind":"person","name":"David Baldwin","route":"/people/david-baldwin/","tldr":"The Nottingham chest physician who chairs the UK clinical expert group for lung cancer and advises the National Screening Committee: the person whose job it is to turn the screening evidence into an NHS service."},{"id":"gary-middleton","kind":"person","name":"Gary Middleton","route":"/people/gary-middleton/","tldr":"The Birmingham oncologist who ran the National Lung Matrix Trial, the largest umbrella trial in lung cancer, and published the honest answer: most drug-biomarker pairs did not work."},{"id":"sanjay-popat","kind":"person","name":"Sanjay Popat","route":"/people/sanjay-popat/","tldr":"The Royal Marsden thoracic oncologist, now its chief medical officer, who has been an investigator on most of the UK trials that put targeted drugs into lung cancer practice."},{"id":"alastair-greystoke","kind":"person","name":"Alastair Greystoke","route":"/people/alastair-greystoke/","tldr":"The Newcastle oncologist who led the NHS England pilot that put a blood test for lung cancer mutations into the diagnostic pathway, and who co-leads the CONCORDE radiotherapy platform."},{"id":"ukls","kind":"trial","name":"UKLS","route":"/trials/ukls/","status":"positive","tldr":"The British pilot that showed a risk-model-selected CT scan finds lung cancer early, and whose long follow-up gave the mortality signal that helped justify a national programme."},{"id":"ylst","kind":"trial","name":"YLST","route":"/trials/ylst/","status":"positive","tldr":"The Leeds trial that answered the operational questions a national screening programme actually has to answer: who responds, which risk rule to use, what it costs, and whether stopping smoking can be built into the same appointment."},{"id":"summit-lung","kind":"trial","name":"SUMMIT (lung health check study)","route":"/trials/summit-lung/","status":"positive","tldr":"The biggest single UK lung screening cohort, run across diverse and deprived London boroughs, which showed the same early-stage shift and also showed that the poorest were the least likely to come."},{"id":"lungsearch","kind":"trial","name":"Lung-SEARCH","route":"/trials/lungsearch/","status":"negative","tldr":"The British trial that tested a cheap, staged alternative to scanning everyone, and found it did not work: more than half the cancers never showed up in the sputum at all."},{"id":"chart-lung","kind":"trial","name":"CHART","route":"/trials/chart-lung/","status":"positive","tldr":"A British radiotherapy schedule, invented at Mount Vernon, that squeezed a six-week course into twelve days and cut the risk of death by about a quarter."},{"id":"big-lung-trial","kind":"trial","name":"Big Lung Trial","route":"/trials/big-lung-trial/","status":"mixed","tldr":"The British trial that asked, without enthusiasm or spin, what chemotherapy is actually worth in lung cancer, and found it worth nine weeks in advanced disease and nothing at all after surgery or radiotherapy."},{"id":"violet","kind":"trial","name":"VIOLET","route":"/trials/violet/","status":"positive","tldr":"The UK trial that settled how a lung should be removed: keyhole surgery leaves people functioning better at five weeks and causes fewer serious problems after discharge, with the same survival."},{"id":"tracerx","kind":"trial","name":"TRACERx","route":"/trials/tracerx/","status":"positive","tldr":"The British study that followed lung cancers through time and space, region by region, and showed that a tumour is not one thing: the late-arriving, scattered changes are the ones that predict relapse."},{"id":"prostate-cancer-uk","kind":"institution","name":"Prostate Cancer UK","route":"/institutions/prostate-cancer-uk/","tldr":"The UK charity that funds prostate cancer research, answers the questions the NHS has no time for through a team of Specialist Nurses, and is paying for half of TRANSFORM, the trial that will decide whether Britain ever screens for this disease."},{"id":"jenny-donovan","kind":"person","name":"Jenny Donovan","route":"/people/jenny-donovan/","tldr":"The Bristol social scientist who worked out how to recruit men into a trial that asked them to accept a coin toss between surgery, radiotherapy and doing nothing, and then measured honestly what each did to their lives."},{"id":"caroline-moore","kind":"person","name":"Caroline Moore","route":"/people/caroline-moore/","tldr":"The UCL urologist who has spent her career on the two questions that decide whether a man with prostate cancer is harmed by being diagnosed: who needs a biopsy, and who needs treating at all."},{"id":"nicholas-van-as","kind":"person","name":"Nicholas van As","route":"/people/nicholas-van-as/","tldr":"The Royal Marsden oncologist who ran the trial that cut a four-week course of prostate radiotherapy to five treatments, and published the higher urinary side-effect rate alongside the good news."},{"id":"ros-eeles","kind":"person","name":"Rosalind Eeles","route":"/people/ros-eeles/","tldr":"The oncogeneticist who found most of the common genetic variants that raise a man's risk of prostate cancer, and whose work is the reason the UK's first prostate screening programme is defined by a gene rather than by an age."},{"id":"rakesh-heer","kind":"person","name":"Rakesh Heer","route":"/people/rakesh-heer/","tldr":"The Imperial urologist who is research lead on TRANSFORM and joint chief investigator of the trial asking whether taking the lymph nodes out during a prostatectomy does any good."},{"id":"promis","kind":"trial","name":"PROMIS","route":"/trials/promis/","status":"positive","tldr":"The British study that measured how bad the standard prostate biopsy really was, and how good a scan could be instead: the evidence that put MRI before the needle in the NHS."},{"id":"transform-prostate","kind":"trial","name":"TRANSFORM","route":"/trials/transform-prostate/","status":"recruiting","tldr":"The trial that will decide whether Britain screens for prostate cancer, designed with the screening committee's input and built from the start to answer the question about Black men that every previous trial was too white to answer."},{"id":"ibis-i","kind":"trial","name":"IBIS-I (International Breast Intervention Study I)","route":"/trials/ibis-i/","status":"positive","tldr":"The UK-led prevention trial that showed five years of tamoxifen keeps preventing breast cancer for at least twenty years, and the reason NICE tells the NHS to offer it to premenopausal women at high familial risk."},{"id":"ibis-ii","kind":"trial","name":"IBIS-II (International Breast Intervention Study II)","route":"/trials/ibis-ii/","status":"positive","tldr":"The trial that made anastrozole a prevention drug, halving breast cancer in postmenopausal women at high risk and, with a licence granted in 2023, putting a generic tablet on the NHS prevention pathway."},{"id":"agex","kind":"trial","name":"AgeX","route":"/trials/agex/","status":"mixed","tldr":"The largest randomised trial ever run inside a screening programme: nearly four million women cluster-randomised to an extra mammogram below 50 or above 70, and the reason the programme's age range has not moved."},{"id":"melanoma-focus","kind":"institution","name":"Melanoma Focus","route":"/institutions/melanoma-focus/","tldr":"The UK melanoma charity whose free nurse helpline is the one place a frightened person can ask a specialist skin cancer nurse a question without waiting for an appointment, and which says up front that it cannot tell you from a photograph."},{"id":"skcin","kind":"institution","name":"Skcin (the Karen Clifford Skin Cancer Charity)","route":"/institutions/skcin/","tldr":"The prevention charity that campaigns on the one lever in skin cancer that is bigger than any drug: what the country does about ultraviolet exposure, and what it charges for sunscreen."},{"id":"british-association-of-dermatologists","kind":"institution","name":"British Association of Dermatologists","route":"/institutions/british-association-of-dermatologists/","tldr":"The professional body that writes the UK's skin cancer service standards and, because these cancers have almost no charity of their own, also writes most of the patient information a person with a basal cell carcinoma will be handed."},{"id":"hywel-williams","kind":"person","name":"Hywel Williams","route":"/people/hywel-williams/","tldr":"The Nottingham epidemiologist who founded British evidence-based dermatology and ran the trial that answered whether a cream can replace surgery for the commonest cancer there is."},{"id":"nick-levell","kind":"person","name":"Nick Levell","route":"/people/nick-levell/","tldr":"The Norwich dermatologist who wrote the national audit of British dermatology, and whose report is the reason anyone can say how many Mohs surgeons England has."},{"id":"molemate","kind":"trial","name":"MoleMate UK Trial","route":"/trials/molemate/","status":"negative","tldr":"The trial that tested whether giving GPs a diagnostic gadget would make their skin cancer referrals better, found that it made them more numerous instead, and is the reason the NHS asks for training and dermoscopy rather than devices in primary care."},{"id":"mcc-rational-treatment","kind":"trial","name":"Rational treatment selection for Merkel cell carcinoma","route":"/trials/mcc-rational-treatment/","status":"completed","tldr":"The only randomised trial ever attempted in Merkel cell carcinoma, run from Birmingham, closed to recruitment in 2018, and with no published result on its registry record: the reason the first treatment decision in this cancer is still made on opinion."},{"id":"impact-bcc","kind":"trial","name":"IMPACT (cemiplimab in advanced basal cell carcinoma)","route":"/trials/impact-bcc/","status":"active","tldr":"The British trial testing whether the immunotherapy that works for advanced squamous cell carcinoma also works, first line, for the advanced basal cell carcinomas NICE refused to fund a hedgehog inhibitor for."},{"id":"spot-it","kind":"trial","name":"SPOT-IT","route":"/trials/spot-it/","status":"recruiting","tldr":"A prevention trial for the group who get these cancers worst: people on long-term immunosuppression, for whom squamous cell carcinoma is not an event but a recurring condition."},{"id":"scc-after","kind":"trial","name":"SCC-AFTER","route":"/trials/scc-after/","status":"recruiting","tldr":"The trial testing a thing the NHS already does without evidence: giving radiotherapy after surgery for a high-risk squamous cell carcinoma, to stop it coming back."},{"id":"lymphoma-action","kind":"institution","name":"Lymphoma Action","route":"/institutions/lymphoma-action/","tldr":"The United Kingdom's only charity dedicated to lymphoma: a freephone helpline, support groups, a buddy scheme, a lymphoma trials database and a seat at the table when NICE and the Scottish Medicines Consortium appraise a lymphoma medicine."},{"id":"blood-cancer-uk","kind":"institution","name":"Blood Cancer UK","route":"/institutions/blood-cancer-uk/","tldr":"The UK's blood cancer research charity and support line, covering lymphoma alongside leukaemia and myeloma."},{"id":"anthony-nolan","kind":"institution","name":"Anthony Nolan","route":"/institutions/anthony-nolan/","tldr":"The UK stem cell register, founded in 1974, and the charity behind the clinical nurse specialists who look after transplant patients in NHS centres."},{"id":"jonathan-ledermann","kind":"person","name":"Jonathan A. Ledermann","route":"/people/jonathan-ledermann/","tldr":"Led Study 19, the trial that first showed PARP inhibitor maintenance works in ovarian cancer."},{"id":"paul-nathan","kind":"person","name":"Paul Nathan","route":"/people/paul-nathan/","tldr":"Led the tebentafusp trial, the first treatment ever to extend survival in metastatic uveal melanoma."},{"id":"hisham-mehanna","kind":"person","name":"Hisham Mehanna","route":"/people/hisham-mehanna/","tldr":"Surgeon who led De-ESCALaTE and PET-NECK, two trials that changed how HPV-positive throat cancer is treated and followed up."},{"id":"martyn-caplin","kind":"person","name":"Martyn E. Caplin","route":"/people/martyn-caplin/","tldr":"Led CLARINET, which showed lanreotide slows tumour growth and made somatostatin analogues first-line antiproliferative therapy for NETs."},{"id":"dean-fennell","kind":"person","name":"Dean A. Fennell","route":"/people/dean-fennell/","tldr":"Led CONFIRM and MARS 2, which showed nivolumab helps relapsed mesothelioma and that radical surgery does not."},{"id":"claire-harrison","kind":"person","name":"Claire Harrison","route":"/people/claire-harrison/","tldr":"Led COMFORT-II, which established ruxolitinib as the first drug for myelofibrosis, and most UK MPN trials since."},{"id":"peter-hillmen","kind":"person","name":"Peter Hillmen","route":"/people/peter-hillmen/","tldr":"Led FLAIR, the UK trial showing MRD-guided ibrutinib plus venetoclax outperforms chemoimmunotherapy in CLL."},{"id":"graham-jackson","kind":"person","name":"Graham H. Jackson","route":"/people/graham-jackson/","tldr":"Led Myeloma XI, the 4,000-patient UK trial that proved lenalidomide maintenance extends survival after transplant."},{"id":"serena-nik-zainal","kind":"person","name":"Serena Nik-Zainal","route":"/people/serena-nik-zainal/","tldr":"Deciphered the mutational signatures written in cancer genomes and turned them into clinical tests like HRDetect."},{"id":"rebecca-fitzgerald","kind":"person","name":"Rebecca C. Fitzgerald","route":"/people/rebecca-fitzgerald/","tldr":"Invented the Cytosponge, a swallowable sponge-on-a-string that finds Barrett's oesophagus without endoscopy."},{"id":"ilap","kind":"term","name":"ILAP (Innovative Licensing and Access Pathway)","route":"/terms/ilap/","tldr":"The UK's post-Brexit scheme, launched in 2021 and refreshed in 2025, that brings the medicines regulator, NICE and the NHS together early in a drug's development so that licensing and the decision to pay for it can happen close together."},{"id":"cancer-drugs-fund","kind":"term","name":"Cancer Drugs Fund (England)","route":"/terms/cancer-drugs-fund/","tldr":"An NHS England fund that pays for promising cancer drugs while more evidence is collected, born in 2010 as a political fix for drugs NICE had refused and rebuilt in 2016 into a time-limited managed access scheme with a fixed budget."},{"id":"nice-methods","kind":"term","name":"NICE technology appraisal methods (2022)","route":"/terms/nice-methods/","tldr":"The rulebook NICE uses to decide whether the NHS in England should pay for a medicine: a cost per quality-adjusted life year usually between 20,000 and 30,000 pounds, with extra weight since 2022 for severe diseases in place of the old bonus for end-of-life cancer drugs."},{"id":"innovative-medicines-fund","kind":"term","name":"Innovative Medicines Fund (England)","route":"/terms/innovative-medicines-fund/","tldr":"A fund launched in 2022 that does for non-cancer medicines what the Cancer Drugs Fund does for cancer: pays for a promising but uncertain drug for a limited period while evidence is gathered, with the same budget of 340 million pounds."},{"id":"medicines-medical-devices-act-2021","kind":"term","name":"Medicines and Medical Devices Act 2021","route":"/terms/medicines-medical-devices-act-2021/","tldr":"The 2021 UK law, passed after Brexit, that gives ministers power to rewrite the rules for licensing medicines, running trials and regulating devices without new primary legislation, and that created a patient safety commissioner."},{"id":"uk-data-protection-act","kind":"term","name":"UK Data Protection Act 2018 and health data law","route":"/terms/uk-data-protection-act/","tldr":"The UK's data law, which keeps the EU's GDPR in domestic form and adds NHS-specific rules, so that cancer registries and research can use patient records under a public-interest basis, patients can opt out of secondary uses, and a 2025 Act loosened the consent rules for scientific research."},{"id":"bccss","kind":"collection","name":"British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (BCCSS)","route":"/collections/bccss/","tldr":"Britain's own survivor cohort, built on national registration rather than on hospital volunteers, which is why it can follow people for half a century and count deaths that nobody reported. Its central finding is that what kills survivors changes with time: recurrence early, second cancers and heart disease late."},{"id":"rejuv-second-uk-very-high-risk-breast-screening","kind":"term","name":"The UK very high risk breast screening protocol after chest radiotherapy","route":"/terms/rejuv-second-uk-very-high-risk-breast-screening/","tldr":"England runs a named screening programme for women who had radiotherapy to breast tissue when young, with exact ages and tests set out in its own documents. Surveillance begins at 25 or 30 depending on your age when irradiated, or eight years after the radiotherapy, whichever is later, and referral runs through a national dataset."},{"id":"rejuv-history-ncsi-england","kind":"term","name":"The National Cancer Survivorship Initiative in England, and the Recovery Package","route":"/terms/rejuv-history-ncsi-england/","tldr":"England ran a national programme on life after cancer from 2007. It produced a named bundle of four things every patient should get at the end of treatment, and a 2013 report that measured how rarely they got them."},{"id":"rejuv-access-survivorship-care-uk","kind":"technology","name":"After treatment in the UK: personalised care, and follow-up you lead yourself","route":"/technologies/rejuv-access-survivorship-care-uk/","status":"standard-of-care","tldr":"In England the offer has four named parts: an assessment of what you need and a plan written with you, information and support about living well, a summary of your treatment sent to you and your GP, and a review with your GP. Follow-up is increasingly not a routine clinic appointment but a pathway you manage yourself, with tests at set intervals and a route back in."},{"id":"rejuv-access-what-it-costs-uk","kind":"technology","name":"What recovery costs in the UK, and what it does not","route":"/technologies/rejuv-access-what-it-costs-uk/","status":"established","tldr":"Cancer treatment makes prescriptions free in England for five years, but a wig is not a prescription and is charged for unless you qualify for help. A third of UK survivors in one survey still reported financial difficulty, which is lower than the United States and a long way from zero."}]}