{"slug":"fusion","tag":"fusion","variants":["fusion"],"description":"No description yet","count":7,"kinds":{"target":2,"biomarker":5},"related":[{"slug":"biomarker","tag":"biomarker","shared":5},{"slug":"driver","tag":"driver","shared":2},{"slug":"kinase","tag":"kinase","shared":1}],"records":[{"id":"kmt2a","kind":"target","name":"KMT2A (MLL) rearrangement","route":"/targets/kmt2a/","tldr":"A gene fusion that drives an aggressive leukaemia in infants and adults. It cannot be blocked directly, but the scaffold protein it depends on (menin) can."},{"id":"bcr-abl","kind":"target","name":"BCR::ABL1 (Philadelphia chromosome)","route":"/targets/bcr-abl/","tldr":"The fusion that defines chronic myeloid leukaemia and a quarter of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; the first cancer driver ever switched off by a pill."},{"id":"alk-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"ALK fusion (ALK-positive)","route":"/biomarkers/alk-fusion/","tldr":"An ALK fusion, usually EML4::ALK, is a swapped piece of chromosome 2 that turns the ALK kinase on permanently in about 4 percent of lung adenocarcinomas. Seven ALK inhibitors are approved for it, including alectinib after surgery."},{"id":"ros1-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"ROS1 fusion (ROS1-positive)","route":"/biomarkers/ros1-fusion/","tldr":"A ROS1 fusion drives about 1 to 2 percent of lung adenocarcinomas and behaves much like ALK. Crizotinib, entrectinib, repotrectinib and taletrectinib are approved for it."},{"id":"ret-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"RET fusion and RET mutation","route":"/biomarkers/ret-fusion/","tldr":"RET fusions drive 1 to 2 percent of lung cancers and some thyroid cancers; RET point mutations drive medullary thyroid cancer. Selpercatinib is approved for RET fusions in any solid tumour and for RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer; pralsetinib for RET fusion lung cancer."},{"id":"ntrk-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"NTRK1/2/3 gene fusion","route":"/biomarkers/ntrk-fusion/","tldr":"An NTRK fusion joins one of three TRK kinase genes to a partner and drives cancers from infant fibrosarcoma to salivary and thyroid tumours, rare in common cancers but near-universal in a few rare ones. Larotrectinib, entrectinib and repotrectinib are approved for it regardless of tumour type."},{"id":"nrg1-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"NRG1 gene fusion","route":"/biomarkers/nrg1-fusion/","tldr":"A rare fusion that joins the neuregulin 1 gene to a partner, leaving the HER3 ligand stuck on the cell surface where it switches HER3 on continuously. It is found in a small percentage of lung adenocarcinomas, particularly invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma in people who have never smoked, and in pancreatic and biliary cancers, and zenocutuzumab is approved for it."}]}