[{"id":"ai-computation","kind":"section","name":"AI & Computation","aka":[],"tldr":"Software that reads scans and slides, predicts outcomes, designs drugs, and matches patients to trials.","summary":"AI and computation collects the software that reads scans and slides, predicts outcomes, designs drugs and matches patients to trials. It covers FDA-cleared digital pathology risk tools such as ArteraAI, radiology triage and screening models, pathology and radiology foundation models, multimodal patient-level models, AI-driven target discovery and ADC design, and LLM-based trial matching and tumour-board support. Listed technologies include federated learning, CHIEF, Phikon, CT-FM, MedSAM, Aidoc CARE, CellFM, GenePT, Nucleotide Transformer, Enformer and Borzoi, and NVIDIA BioNeMo. Records pointing here include AI in radiology, digital pathology and AI, AI trial matching, AI-driven drug and target discovery, and the companies Tempus AI, BostonGene, Artera, Paige AI, PathAI and Owkin.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Artificial intelligence in cancer research","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/research/infrastructure/artificial-intelligence"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["federated-learning-medical-ai","chief","phikon","ct-fm","medsam","aidoc-care","cellfm","genept","nucleotide-transformer","enformer-borzoi","bionemo"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":["aluna","mednet"],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["jco-clinical-cancer-informatics","jmir-cancer"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":15,"icon":"chip"},{"id":"adcs","kind":"section","name":"Antibody-Drug Conjugates","aka":[],"tldr":"An antibody that finds the tumour, carrying a tiny dose of very strong chemotherapy that is released only inside it.","summary":"ADCs combine a targeting antibody, a linker, and a cytotoxic payload. Third-generation ADCs (T-DXd, sacituzumab govitecan, datopotamab deruxtecan) with topoisomerase-I payloads and bystander killing have reshaped breast, lung, and urothelial cancer. Next generation: bispecific ADCs, dual payloads, degrader and immune-stimulating payloads, masked ADCs, and radio-conjugates.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Dictionary of Cancer Terms: antibody-drug conjugate","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/antibody-drug-conjugate"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":8,"icon":"link"},{"id":"cell-therapy","kind":"section","name":"Cell Therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Taking immune cells, engineering or expanding them, and giving them back as a living drug.","summary":"Cell therapy covers treatments in which immune cells are taken from a patient or a donor, engineered or expanded, and given back as a living drug. CAR-T has transformed B-cell malignancies and myeloma, and solid tumours are the frontier, with TIL therapy such as lifileucel, TCR-T such as afamitresgene, CAR-T against CLDN18.2 and GPC3, armoured and logic-gated CARs, allogeneic and in vivo CAR-T delivered by targeted LNPs carrying CAR mRNA, and CAR-NK and CAR-macrophages. The section lists cell-therapy release and potency testing and is linked from CAR-T, in vivo CAR-T, TIL therapy, TCR-T, CAR-NK and CAR-macrophage, allogeneic cell therapy, CAR-T for glioma, stem cell transplantation, and the companies Autolus Therapeutics and US WorldMeds.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: T-cell transfer therapy","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy/t-cell-transfer-therapy"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["cell-therapy-release-testing"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-gene-therapy"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":10,"icon":"cell"},{"id":"chemotherapy","kind":"section","name":"Chemotherapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Drugs that kill fast-dividing cells. Still the backbone of many cures, and now the warhead inside smarter drugs.","summary":"Chemotherapy collects the cytotoxic drugs that kill fast-dividing cells: platinums, taxanes, anthracyclines, antimetabolites and topoisomerase inhibitors. These agents remain curative in several cancers and now serve as the payloads inside antibody-drug conjugates, so progress lies in dosing, sequencing, biomarker-guided de-escalation and toxicity mitigation rather than in new cytotoxics alone. Technologies that point here include cytotoxic chemotherapy, platinum agents, topoisomerase-I inhibitors, autologous and tandem stem cell transplant, PET-adapted therapy, HIPEC and PIPAC, TACE, chronotherapy and metabolic therapy. Scalp cooling and the company PharmaMar also link to this section.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Chemotherapy to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/chemotherapy"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-chemotherapy-and-pharmacology","gan-to-kagaku-ryoho","journal-of-oncology-pharmacy-practice"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":6,"icon":"flask"},{"id":"devices","kind":"section","name":"Devices & Physical Therapies","aka":[],"tldr":"Devices and physical therapies treat cancer with electric fields, heat, or sound rather than chemicals.","summary":"Devices and physical therapies treat cancer with electric fields, heat, light or sound rather than chemicals. The section groups tumour treating fields, with Optune now approved in pancreatic cancer, hyperthermia, HIFU and histotripsy, photodynamic therapy and photoimmunotherapy, electroporation and intraoperative devices. Technologies linking here include TTFields, focused ultrasound and histotripsy, focused-ultrasound blood-brain barrier opening, irreversible electroporation with NanoKnife, hyperthermia and magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia, photoimmunotherapy, intravesical therapy and scalp cooling. The companies Novocure, HistoSonics and Insightec also point to this section.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"FDA: Medical devices","url":"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices"},{"label":"NCI: Hyperthermia to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/hyperthermia"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["technology-in-cancer-research-and-treatment"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":18,"icon":"device"},{"id":"diagnostics","kind":"section","name":"Diagnostics & Biomarkers","aka":[],"tldr":"Tests on tissue and blood that say what kind of cancer it is, what is driving it, and which drugs might work.","summary":"Pathology and immunohistochemistry remain the foundation. Layered on top: comprehensive genomic profiling (DNA and RNA), liquid biopsy for circulating tumour DNA, minimal residual disease monitoring, multi-cancer early detection, spatial and single-cell profiling, and AI read-outs of slides and scans.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Biomarker testing for cancer treatment","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/biomarker-testing-cancer-treatment"}],"tags":["genomics","liquid-biopsy","pathology"],"related":["ctdna-tests"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-biomarkers","international-journal-of-biological-markers"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":2,"icon":"dna"},{"id":"nutrition-lifestyle","kind":"section","name":"Diet, Exercise & Lifestyle","aka":[],"tldr":"What people eat, drink, weigh and do affects who gets cancer, how treatment goes, and who relapses. Those questions are answerable, and the good studies answer them with the rigour of a drug trial.","summary":"Obesity, alcohol and inactivity are established causes; diet quality, fibre and the gut microbiome shape immunotherapy response; structured exercise improved survival in a randomised colon cancer trial (CHALLENGE, 2025); fasting-mimicking and ketogenic diets, GLP-1 agonists, vitamin D and aspirin are under test. Cachexia and malnutrition during treatment are treatable and under-treated. The evidence ranges from strong to hype, and this front keeps the two apart.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"CHALLENGE trial (NEJM 2025)","url":"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2502760"}],"tags":["nutrition","exercise","microbiome","obesity","cachexia","prevention"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["nutrition-and-cancer"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":19,"icon":"leaf"},{"id":"drug-discovery","kind":"section","name":"Drug Discovery Platforms","aka":[],"tldr":"Drug discovery platforms are the tools used to find the next drug: gene screens, organoids, models in mice, and AI.","summary":"Drug discovery platforms are the tools used to find the next drug: gene screens, organoids, models in mice and AI. The section spans CRISPR functional genomics including DepMap, patient-derived organoids and xenografts, ex vivo drug sensitivity testing, structure-based and AI-driven design, degrader platforms and conjugation chemistry. Its own technology list holds Chai-1 and Chai-2, RFdiffusion and ProteinMPNN from the Baker Lab, BioEmu, Phenom-2 and Recursion OS, and Chemistry42 from Insilico. Technologies that link back include CRISPR screens, patient-derived organoids and xenografts, functional drug testing, PDAC organoid pharmacotyping, BH3 profiling, whole-genome sequencing, single-cell and spatial profiling, proteomics, synthetic lethality approaches and site-specific conjugation.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Cancer treatment research","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/research/areas/treatment"},{"label":"NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program","url":"https://dtp.cancer.gov/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["chai-1","rfdiffusion","bioemu","phenom-2","chemistry42"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-biology-and-therapy","current-cancer-drug-targets","oncology-research","recent-patents-on-anti-cancer-drug-discovery","technology-in-cancer-research-and-treatment"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":16,"icon":"beaker"},{"id":"early-detection","kind":"section","name":"Early Detection & Screening","aka":[],"tldr":"Early detection and screening means finding cancer before it causes symptoms, when it is most curable.","summary":"This section groups the ways of finding cancer before it causes symptoms, when it is most curable: established population screening with mammography, colonoscopy, low-dose CT, HPV testing and PSA, plus blood-based multi-cancer early detection and risk-adapted AI screening that aim to reach cancers with no screening test today. Technologies filed here include low-dose CT lung screening, colorectal cancer screening, HPV DNA testing and self-sampling, mammography and tomosynthesis, whole-body MRI, MCED and DNA methylation profiling. It also covers surveillance of high-risk groups, such as pancreatic surveillance and HCC surveillance in cirrhosis, dermoscopy and AI skin analysis, and the procedures that follow a positive screen, including endoscopic resection and colposcopy.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Cancer screening","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/screening"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":3,"icon":"radar"},{"id":"epigenetics","kind":"section","name":"Epigenetic & Transcriptional Therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Epigenetic and transcriptional therapy changes how genes are read rather than the genes themselves.","summary":"Epigenetic and transcriptional therapy changes how genes are read rather than the genes themselves. The section brings together DNMT and HDAC inhibitors used in haematological malignancies, EZH2 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, menin inhibitors such as revumenib, BET inhibitors and emerging transcription-factor degraders, a class mostly established in blood cancers with solid tumours catching up. Linked records include the technologies epigenetic drugs and epigenetic editing, the term hypomethylating agents, the paper on the 2022 Hallmarks of Cancer, and the institutions USC Norris and Ruijin Hospital. Companies pointing here are Kura Oncology, Taiho Oncology, Servier, Syndax Pharmaceuticals, MorphoSys and Chipscreen Biosciences.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Dictionary of Cancer Terms: epigenetics","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/epigenetics"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":13,"icon":"helix"},{"id":"hormonal","kind":"section","name":"Hormonal Therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Cutting off the hormones that some cancers, especially breast and prostate, need to grow.","summary":"Hormonal therapy groups the treatments that cut off the hormones some cancers, especially breast and prostate, need to grow. It spans aromatase inhibitors, SERMs, SERDs including fulvestrant, oral SERDs and PROTAC degraders such as vepdegestrant, ovarian suppression, androgen deprivation and AR pathway inhibitors, combined with CDK4/6, PI3K/AKT or PARP inhibitors depending on the tumour. Technologies linking here include endocrine therapy, CDK4/6 inhibitors, androgen deprivation and AR pathway inhibitors, and fertility-sparing hormonal treatment of early endometrial cancer. Companies such as Sumitomo Pharma, ESSA Pharma, Eli Lilly and Menarini, the person Bernard Fisher, and ideas on primary endocrine therapy for the frail elderly and low-dose tamoxifen also point here.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Hormone therapy to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/hormone-therapy"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":12,"icon":"hormone"},{"id":"imaging","kind":"section","name":"Imaging","aka":[],"tldr":"Imaging covers the ways of seeing cancer inside the body without cutting, from X-rays to tracers that light up a single protein.","summary":"Anatomic imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound) shows shape and size. Functional and molecular imaging (PET, SPECT) shows biology: glucose uptake, receptor expression, immune cell presence. The frontier is target-specific PET that predicts whether a targeted drug will work, and imaging that reads out treatment response within days rather than months.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Cancer diagnosis, including imaging tests","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis"}],"tags":["diagnosis","staging","response"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-imaging","journal-of-breast-imaging","journal-of-medical-imaging-and-radiation-oncology","radiology-and-oncology","radiology-imaging-cancer"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":1,"icon":"scan"},{"id":"immunotherapy","kind":"section","name":"Immunotherapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Immunotherapy helps the patient's own immune system recognise and destroy the cancer.","summary":"This section gathers the treatments that work by getting the patient's own immune system to recognise and destroy the cancer rather than attacking the tumour directly with a drug. It covers checkpoint inhibitors against PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 and LAG-3, bispecific T-cell engagers, cancer vaccines including personalised mRNA neoantigen vaccines, oncolytic viruses, cytokines and innate-immune agonists. Two problems dominate: working out in advance who will respond, and converting cold tumours into hot ones. Technology entries filed here include Monoclonal antibodies, Bispecific antibodies, Immuno-PET and Intravesical therapy, and companies placed in the section include Incyte, ImmunityBio, CG Oncology, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Y-mAbs Therapeutics and Shanghai Henlius Biotech.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Immunotherapy to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-immunology-immunotherapy","journal-of-immunotherapy","oncoimmunology"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":9,"icon":"shield"},{"id":"prevention","kind":"section","name":"Prevention & Risk","aka":[],"tldr":"Stopping cancer from starting: vaccines, germline testing, lifestyle, and preventive drugs or surgery.","summary":"Prevention & Risk is the section about stopping cancer before it starts, through vaccines, germline testing, lifestyle change, and preventive drugs or surgery. Its subjects include HPV and HBV vaccination, testing for hereditary cancer syndromes such as BRCA and Lynch, chemoprevention with tamoxifen or with aspirin in Lynch syndrome, risk-reducing surgery, and population-level control of tobacco and alcohol. It is described here as the most cost-effective part of oncology and the least glamorous. Technologies filed under it include HPV & HBV vaccination, Germline (hereditary) testing, Chemoprevention & risk-reducing surgery, Cancer interception vaccines, Exercise & lifestyle oncology and Systematic drug repurposing, and the people linked to it are Harald zur Hausen and Semir Beyaz.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Cancer causes and prevention","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["asian-pacific-journal-of-cancer-prevention","cancer-causes-and-control","cancer-epidemiology","cancer-epidemiology-biomarkers-prevention","cancer-prevention-research","european-journal-of-cancer-prevention","journal-of-environmental-pathology-toxicology-and-oncology"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":17,"icon":"umbrella"},{"id":"radiation","kind":"section","name":"Radiation Therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Using focused beams or radioactive particles to kill tumour cells while sparing healthy tissue.","summary":"External beam radiation has moved from 2D fields to intensity-modulated, image-guided, stereotactic, and particle (proton, carbon) therapy. Adaptive and MR-guided delivery, ultra-high dose rate FLASH, and combination with immunotherapy are the frontier. Radiopharmaceuticals deliver radiation systemically to a molecular target.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Radiation therapy to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-radiotherapie","clinical-oncology-rcr","journal-of-medical-imaging-and-radiation-oncology","journal-of-radiation-research","practical-radiation-oncology","radiation-and-environmental-biophysics","radiation-oncology","radiology-and-oncology","seminars-in-radiation-oncology","strahlentherapie-und-onkologie"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":5,"icon":"radiation"},{"id":"radiopharma","kind":"section","name":"Radiopharmaceuticals & Theranostics","aka":[],"tldr":"A molecule that homes to the tumour carries a radioactive atom. The same molecule with a different atom lets you see the tumour first.","summary":"Radiopharmaceuticals and theranostics pair a molecule that homes to the tumour with a radioactive atom, using one isotope to see the tumour and another to treat it. The section covers theranostic pairs such as 68Ga or 18F for PET imaging, 177Lu for beta therapy and 225Ac or 212Pb for alpha therapy, directed at PSMA, SSTR, FAP and other targets. Pluvicto and Lutathera are approved, alpha emitters and new targets are in late-stage trials, and isotope supply is the bottleneck. Linked technologies include PSMA PET, somatostatin receptor PET, radioligand therapy with beta emitters, targeted alpha therapy, PRRT, radioiodine therapy, MIBG theranostics and radioembolisation, and the companies Curium, Blue Earth Diagnostics, Sirtex Medical and Y-mAbs Therapeutics point here.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Dictionary of Cancer Terms: radiopharmaceutical","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/radiopharmaceutical"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-biotherapy-and-radiopharmaceuticals"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":11,"icon":"atom"},{"id":"rejuvenation","kind":"section","name":"Recovery & Rejuvenation","aka":[],"tldr":"What cancer treatment took, and whether it comes back: hair, hearing, fertility, bone, muscle, nerves, memory, the heart, skin, sexual function and the years afterwards. Recovery begins during treatment rather than after it, and structured exercise has more evidence behind it than everything sold as rejuvenation put together.","summary":"Supportive care keeps a person well enough to get through treatment. It handles the sickness, the pain, the sore mouth and the low blood counts while treatment is happening, and when treatment stops, most of it stops too. This front asks the other question, the one that starts on the last day: what did the treatment take, and does it come back? Hair and eyebrows, hearing, fertility, bone, muscle, the nerves in the hands and feet, memory and concentration, the heart, skin and scars, sexual function, sleep, work, money, the people who were caring for you, and the body's measured biological age. That is the line. Where a measure sits on both sides of it, the record is shared with supportive care rather than written twice.\n\nThe honest one-line summary of the evidence is that exercise outperforms everything sold as rejuvenation, and it is not close. In the CHALLENGE trial, 889 people with resected colon cancer were randomised after adjuvant chemotherapy to a three-year coached exercise programme or to health-education materials; at a median follow-up of 7.9 years, disease-free survival was longer with exercise (hazard ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.94), five-year disease-free survival was 80.3 against 73.9 per cent, and eight-year overall survival was 90.3 against 83.2 per cent. For fatigue, a meta-analysis of 113 studies and 11,525 participants put exercise at a weighted effect size of 0.30 and psychological therapy at 0.27, against 0.09 for drugs, which did not reach significance. No supplement, infusion, peptide or clinic programme sold for recovery has produced a result of that kind in any cancer, and most have produced no randomised result at all.\n\nTiming is the second thing worth knowing, because most of what works has to start before the damage is done. Scalp cooling only works if it begins with the first infusion. Fertility preservation has to happen before the first dose. Prehabilitation is the weeks before an operation, not the months after. Hearing, bone and the heart are protected while the drug is being given rather than repaired years later. Dental work belongs before the first fraction of head and neck radiotherapy, because teeth do not grow back. A survivor reading this front after treatment has finished has not missed everything, but they have missed some of it, and the pages say which.\n\nEvery approach carries an evidence grade, from strong through moderate and insufficient to no-benefit and harm, because people finishing treatment are offered stem cell infusions, exosomes, unlicensed peptides, ozone, intravenous NAD+ and compounded hormone pellets at a price, usually by someone who knows what they have been through. A grade of insufficient is more use than a brochure. So is a named gap: no treatment restores the processing speed lost to chemotherapy, nothing in routine use accelerates thymic recovery in an adult, no randomised trial has shown that any survivorship screening programme reduces death from a second cancer, and no trial has tested whether moving a measured marker of biological ageing changes anything a person would notice. Those are the open problems, written down as records rather than smoothed over.\n\nThe front holds more than two hundred records: the body system by system, hair and scalp cooling, the mind and the life around it, childhood and young adult survivorship with the cohorts that document it, transplant and cell therapy, second cancers, biological ageing and the frontier of what is being tried against it, and the history of survivorship as an idea from Fitzhugh Mullan's 1985 essay to the national programmes built on it. The roadmap sets out the eras and what the next decade turns on.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Cancer survivorship","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/survivorship"},{"label":"NCI: Late effects of treatment for childhood cancer (PDQ)","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/late-effects-pdq"},{"label":"Macmillan Cancer Support: After treatment","url":"https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/after-treatment"},{"label":"Courneya et al., Structured exercise after adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer, the CHALLENGE trial (NEJM 2025)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2502760"},{"label":"Mullan, Seasons of survival: reflections of a physician with cancer (NEJM 1985)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198507253130421"},{"label":"Institute of Medicine, From Cancer Patient to Cancer Survivor: Lost in Transition (National Academies Press)","url":"https://doi.org/10.17226/11468"},{"label":"NCI Office of Cancer Survivorship: statistics and graphs","url":"https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/ocs/statistics"},{"label":"Department of Health, Living With and Beyond Cancer: Taking Action to Improve Outcomes (England, 29 March 2013)","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/living-with-and-beyond-cancer-taking-action-to-improve-outcomes"}],"tags":["survivorship","late-effects","recovery","rehabilitation","fertility","hair","exercise","rejuvenation"],"related":["rejuvenation-roadmap","survivorship-roadmap","rejuv-history-cure-is-not-enough","rejuv-history-seasons-of-survival","rejuv-history-survivorship-movement","rejuv-history-lost-in-transition","rejuv-history-ncsi-england","rejuv-history-counting-survivors","rejuv-agenda-screening-without-a-trial","rejuv-agenda-nothing-restores-cognition","rejuv-agenda-thymus-does-not-regrow","rejuv-agenda-biological-age-as-an-untested-target","rejuv-agenda-rehabilitation-not-commissioned","rejuv-agenda-nobody-owns-the-follow-up","rejuv-agenda-late-effects-are-not-counted","rejuv-agenda-no-agreed-outcome-measures","rejuv-agenda-latency-outruns-the-evidence","rejuv-frontier-what-works","rejuv-paed-chronic-disease-burden","rejuv-tx-late-effects-overview","rejuv-second-screening-after-treatment-compared","rejuv-mind-access-to-psychological-care"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["exercise-oncology","structured-exercise-survivorship","prehabilitation","scalp-cooling","cardio-oncology","fertility-preservation","survivorship-care-plan"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":["b-survivorship"],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["journal-of-cancer-survivorship"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":20,"icon":"sprout"},{"id":"supportive-care","kind":"section","name":"Supportive Care & Survivorship","aka":[],"tldr":"Supportive care and survivorship covers everything that keeps a patient well enough to receive treatment, and well afterwards.","summary":"Supportive care and survivorship covers everything that keeps a patient well enough to receive treatment and well afterwards: anti-emetics, growth factors, scalp cooling, cardio-oncology, fertility preservation, geriatric assessment, palliative integration, exercise oncology, financial toxicity mitigation and survivorship monitoring, an area under-studied relative to its impact. It also houses the complementary approaches people ask about, from acupuncture, CBT for fatigue and music therapy to ginger, curcumin, melatonin, medicinal mushrooms, homeopathy and the so-called herbal cancer cures. Scalp cooling, cardio-oncology, exercise oncology, geriatric assessment, head and neck and thyroid cancer, and companies such as Cancer Commons link here.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Side effects of cancer treatment","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects"},{"label":"NCI: Survivorship","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/survivorship"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["acupuncture-nausea","cbt-fatigue-distress","tai-chi-qigong","relaxation-guided-imagery","music-therapy-cancer","aromatherapy-cancer","reiki-energy-therapies","ginger-nausea","curcumin-turmeric","melatonin-cancer","medicinal-mushrooms-reishi-turkey-tail","ayurvedic-medicine-cancer","homeopathy-cancer","essiac-herbal-cancer-cures"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":["belong-life"],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["supportive-care-in-cancer"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":14,"icon":"heart"},{"id":"surgery","kind":"section","name":"Surgery & Interventional","aka":[],"tldr":"Removing or destroying tumours physically, increasingly with robots, image guidance, and heat or cold instead of a knife.","summary":"Surgery cures more cancers than any other modality. Advances are in precision (robotics, fluorescence guidance, intraoperative margin assessment), de-escalation (less surgery when systemic therapy has done the work), and minimally invasive ablation (radiofrequency, microwave, cryo, HIFU, irreversible electroporation).","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Surgery to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/surgery"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["annals-of-surgical-oncology","european-journal-of-surgical-oncology","journal-of-surgical-oncology","surgical-oncology","surgical-oncology-clinics-of-north-america","world-journal-of-surgical-oncology"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":4,"icon":"scalpel"},{"id":"targeted-therapy","kind":"section","name":"Targeted Therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Targeted therapies are drugs designed to switch off a specific broken protein that a cancer depends on.","summary":"Small-molecule kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, hormone-pathway agents, PARP inhibitors, degraders (PROTACs, molecular glues), and synthetic-lethality approaches. Matched to a molecular alteration by a companion diagnostic. Resistance is the central problem; next-generation and combination strategies are the response.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"NCI: Targeted therapy to treat cancer","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/targeted-therapies"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["current-cancer-drug-targets","targeted-oncology"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":7,"icon":"crosshair"}]