{"entity":{"id":"tubulin-inhibitor-payloads","kind":"term","name":"Tubulin inhibitor payloads","aka":["auristatins","auristatin","maytansinoids","maytansinoid","microtubule payloads"],"tldr":"Tubulin inhibitor payloads were the first generation of modern ADC payloads: drugs that jam the cell's scaffolding so it cannot divide. Nerve and eye side effects are typical.","summary":"Auristatins (MMAE, MMAF) and maytansinoids (DM1, DM4) bind tubulin and arrest mitosis, so they work best in rapidly dividing tumours. Whether the released form crosses membranes decides the bystander effect: MMAE and DM4 do, MMAF and DM1 do not. Peripheral neuropathy (MMAE), keratopathy (MMAF, DM4) and thrombocytopenia (DM1) are the characteristic toxicities. Most are substrates for P-glycoprotein.","asOf":"2026-09-09","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitotic_inhibitor","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitotic_inhibitor"}],"tags":[],"related":["efflux-pump","bystander-effect"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["adc"],"targets":[],"drugs":["enfortumab-vedotin","brentuximab-vedotin","tisotumab-vedotin","telisotuzumab-vedotin","disitamab-vedotin","zilovertamab-vedotin","cmg901","belantamab-mafodotin","trastuzumab-emtansine","mirvetuximab-soravtansine"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["payload"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"ADC chemistry"},"route":"/terms/tubulin-inhibitor-payloads/","neighbours":{"term":[{"id":"bystander-effect","kind":"term","name":"Bystander effect (ADC)","route":"/terms/bystander-effect/"},{"id":"dm1","kind":"term","name":"DM1","route":"/terms/dm1/"},{"id":"dm4","kind":"term","name":"DM4","route":"/terms/dm4/"},{"id":"efflux-pump","kind":"term","name":"Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters)","route":"/terms/efflux-pump/"},{"id":"mmae","kind":"term","name":"MMAE","route":"/terms/mmae/"},{"id":"mmaf","kind":"term","name":"MMAF","route":"/terms/mmaf/"},{"id":"ocular-toxicity","kind":"term","name":"Ocular toxicity (keratopathy, blurred vision)","route":"/terms/ocular-toxicity/"},{"id":"payload","kind":"term","name":"Payload (ADC)","route":"/terms/payload/"},{"id":"taxane","kind":"term","name":"Taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel)","route":"/terms/taxane/"}],"technology":[{"id":"adc","kind":"technology","name":"Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)","route":"/technologies/adc/"}],"drug":[{"id":"belantamab-mafodotin","kind":"drug","name":"Belantamab mafodotin","route":"/drugs/belantamab-mafodotin/"},{"id":"brentuximab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Brentuximab vedotin","route":"/drugs/brentuximab-vedotin/"},{"id":"disitamab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Disitamab vedotin","route":"/drugs/disitamab-vedotin/"},{"id":"enfortumab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Enfortumab vedotin","route":"/drugs/enfortumab-vedotin/"},{"id":"mirvetuximab-soravtansine","kind":"drug","name":"Mirvetuximab soravtansine","route":"/drugs/mirvetuximab-soravtansine/"},{"id":"cmg901","kind":"drug","name":"Sonesitatug vedotin","route":"/drugs/cmg901/"},{"id":"telisotuzumab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Telisotuzumab vedotin","route":"/drugs/telisotuzumab-vedotin/"},{"id":"tisotumab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Tisotumab vedotin","route":"/drugs/tisotumab-vedotin/"},{"id":"trastuzumab-emtansine","kind":"drug","name":"Trastuzumab emtansine","route":"/drugs/trastuzumab-emtansine/"},{"id":"zilovertamab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Zilovertamab vedotin","route":"/drugs/zilovertamab-vedotin/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"mitotic-spindle-checkpoint","kind":"pathway","name":"Mitosis & the spindle assembly checkpoint","route":"/pathways/mitotic-spindle-checkpoint/"}]}}