{"entity":{"id":"thyroid","kind":"cancer","name":"Thyroid cancer","aka":[],"tldr":"Thyroid cancer is usually curable with surgery and radioactive iodine, the original theranostic. Rare aggressive forms respond to RET and BRAF inhibitors.","summary":"Thyroid cancer is really several diseases. Differentiated thyroid cancer (papillary ~85%, follicular, oncocytic) arises from follicular cells, retains iodine uptake, and has a 10-year survival above 95%; its incidence has tripled in many countries because ultrasound finds tiny tumours that would never have caused harm. Medullary thyroid cancer comes from calcitonin-producing C cells, is driven by RET mutations (hereditary in MEN2), and does not take up iodine. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is rare, dedifferentiated, and historically progressed within months; BRAF/MEK inhibition and immunotherapy have started to change that.\n\nDifferentiated disease is treated by surgery, with radioactive iodine (the first theranostic, 1946) reserved for intermediate and high-risk patients after HiLo, ESTIMABL2, and IoN showed low-risk patients gain nothing from it; active surveillance is accepted for microcarcinomas, and lobectomy suffices for many. When cancer becomes radioiodine-refractory, lenvatinib (SELECT) and sorafenib (DECISION) extend progression-free survival, and genotype directs selective therapy: selpercatinib for RET fusions, larotrectinib for NTRK, dabrafenib-trametinib for BRAF. Medullary cancer moved from vandetanib and cabozantinib to RET-selective selpercatinib after LIBRETTO-531 (2023). Anaplastic cancer with BRAF V600E responds to dabrafenib-trametinib (ROAR), often enabling surgery, and triplets with pembrolizumab are producing multi-year survivors.\n\nThe field's biggest problems are the opposite of most cancers': over-detection and over-treatment of indolent disease, alongside the unsolved lethality of anaplastic and RAI-refractory disease, resistance to RET inhibitors (solvent-front mutations), and the toxicity of long-term multikinase therapy.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer"}],"tags":["endocrine","spike"],"related":["radiopharma-roadmap","braf-mek-neoadjuvant-atc","redifferentiation-rai","theranostics"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["kinase-inhibitors","radioligand-therapy","ultrasound","radioiodine-therapy","thyroid-fna-molecular","active-surveillance-thyroid","germline-testing"],"targets":["ret","braf","ntrk","vegf","pd1"],"drugs":["radioactive-iodine","vandetanib","selpercatinib","pralsetinib","dabrafenib-trametinib","afirma","thyrotropin-alfa"],"companies":["eli-lilly","bayer","novartis","sanofi","veracyte","astrazeneca"],"institutions":["gustave-roussy","cruk","md-anderson","mskcc"],"pathways":["ras-mapk","thyroid-cancer-signalling"],"terms":["rai-refractory","low-risk-dtc","bethesda-category","tsh-suppression","tert-promoter","theranostics"],"trials":["nct06860971","nct04940052","nct03690388","select-lenvatinib","decision-sorafenib","libretto-531","arrow-thyroid","estimabl2","ion-trial","hilo","roar-atc","astra"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["endocrine-related-cancer","european-thyroid-journal"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"group":"endocrine","burden":"~820,000 cases per year; most are indolent papillary cancers with >98% survival.","subtypes":["Papillary (~85%; BRAF V600E ~50%, RET/PTC fusions, RAS)","Follicular (RAS, PAX8-PPARG)","Oncocytic (Hürthle cell)","Poorly differentiated","Anaplastic (BRAF V600E ~40%, TP53, TERT)","Medullary (RET germline in MEN2 ~25%; somatic RET M918T)","Papillary microcarcinoma (≤1 cm; surveillance candidate)","Paediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (fusion-driven, often nodal, excellent survival)"],"biomarkers":["BRAF V600E","RET fusion/mutation","NTRK","RAS","TERT","Thyroglobulin and anti-Tg antibodies (surveillance of differentiated cancer)","Calcitonin and CEA (medullary)","Germline RET (MEN2 screening, prophylactic thyroidectomy)","Somatic RET fusion/mutation (selpercatinib)","BRAF V600E (prognosis; anaplastic targeted therapy; redifferentiation)","TERT promoter (aggressiveness)","NTRK, ALK fusions (tumour-agnostic drugs)","Bethesda cytology category and molecular classifier result","Radioiodine avidity on diagnostic scan"],"standardOfCare":[{"setting":"Differentiated","approach":"Thyroidectomy ± radioactive iodine; TSH suppression.","refs":["radioligand-therapy"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Thyroid Carcinoma","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1470"}},{"setting":"Advanced/refractory","approach":"Lenvatinib; selpercatinib (RET); BRAF/MEK (anaplastic).","refs":["selpercatinib"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Thyroid Carcinoma","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1470"}},{"setting":"Nodule work-up","approach":"Ultrasound with TI-RADS; FNA only for nodules meeting size/appearance thresholds; Bethesda reporting; molecular classifier (Afirma, ThyroSeq) for indeterminate results.","refs":["thyroid-fna-molecular","ultrasound","bethesda-category"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1470"}},{"setting":"Papillary microcarcinoma (≤1 cm, no spread)","approach":"Active surveillance or lobectomy; total thyroidectomy and radioiodine not indicated.","refs":["active-surveillance-thyroid","idea-thyroid-overdiagnosis-reversal"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A"}},{"setting":"Low-risk differentiated (pT1-T2 N0)","approach":"Lobectomy or total thyroidectomy; no radioiodine ablation (ESTIMABL2, IoN); modest TSH suppression then normal-range TSH.","refs":["estimabl2","ion-trial","low-risk-dtc","tsh-suppression"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A"}},{"setting":"Intermediate/high-risk differentiated","approach":"Total thyroidectomy with therapeutic node dissection; radioiodine (1.1-3.7 GBq adjuvant; higher for known metastases) after recombinant TSH; TSH suppression.","refs":["radioactive-iodine","radioiodine-therapy","hilo"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A"}},{"setting":"Radioiodine-refractory, progressive","approach":"Genotype first: selpercatinib (RET fusion), larotrectinib/entrectinib (NTRK), dabrafenib-trametinib (BRAF V600E); otherwise lenvatinib (or sorafenib); consider MAPK-inhibitor redifferentiation to restore iodine uptake.","refs":["select-lenvatinib","decision-sorafenib","selpercatinib","redifferentiation-rai","rai-refractory"],"guideline":{"nccn":"1 (lenvatinib)","esmoMcbs":"3"}},{"setting":"Medullary, localised","approach":"Total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection; prophylactic thyroidectomy in RET germline carriers by codon-based age; calcitonin surveillance.","refs":["ret","germline-testing"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A"}},{"setting":"Medullary, advanced progressive RET-mutant","approach":"Selpercatinib first line (LIBRETTO-531); cabozantinib or vandetanib if RET-selective therapy unavailable or failed.","refs":["libretto-531","selpercatinib","vandetanib"],"guideline":{"nccn":"1 (preferred)","esmoMcbs":"3"}},{"setting":"Anaplastic, BRAF V600E","approach":"Rapid BRAF testing; dabrafenib-trametinib (ROAR), often with pembrolizumab, then surgery and radiation if rendered resectable.","refs":["roar-atc","dabrafenib-trametinib","braf-mek-neoadjuvant-atc","idea-atc-triplet-io"],"guideline":{"nccn":"2A"}},{"setting":"Anaplastic, BRAF wild-type","approach":"Multimodal chemoradiation (paclitaxel-based) if feasible; lenvatinib; immunotherapy for PD-L1-high or TMB-high; NTRK/RET/ALK agents if fusion-positive; early palliative care.","refs":["imrt-igrt","pembrolizumab"]},{"setting":"Survivorship","approach":"Lifelong levothyroxine with risk-adapted TSH targets; calcium/PTH monitoring after surgery; salivary care after radioiodine; low-risk patients can be discharged to primary care.","refs":["tsh-suppression","supportive-care"]}],"stateOfArt":["Genotype-directed therapy for aggressive subtypes.","De-escalation is the story: radioiodine omitted for low-risk disease (ESTIMABL2, IoN), low-dose ablation when needed (HiLo), lobectomy and active surveillance for small tumours.","Genotype-directed therapy covers most aggressive disease: RET (selpercatinib beat multikinase inhibitors head to head), BRAF, NTRK, ALK.","Anaplastic thyroid cancer with BRAF V600E has moved from a median survival under six months to 15 months with the doublet and longer with immunotherapy added, and neoadjuvant use enables surgery.","Molecular classifiers on needle biopsies have halved diagnostic surgery for indeterminate nodules.","Redifferentiation with MAPK inhibitors can restore radioiodine uptake in about half of refractory patients."],"history":[{"year":1946,"title":"Radioactive iodine: first theranostic","refs":[]},{"year":1946,"title":"First patient treated with radioactive iodine for metastatic thyroid cancer","note":"Seidlin, Marinelli, and Oshry: the first theranostic.","refs":["radioactive-iodine","radioiodine-therapy"]},{"year":1985,"title":"RET proto-oncogene identified; MEN2 germline RET mutations follow (1993)","refs":["ret"]},{"year":2003,"title":"BRAF V600E found in ~45% of papillary thyroid cancers","refs":["braf"]},{"year":2009,"title":"Bethesda System for thyroid cytology standardises nodule reporting","refs":["bethesda-category","thyroid-fna-molecular"]},{"year":2011,"title":"Vandetanib: first drug for medullary thyroid cancer","refs":["vandetanib"]},{"year":2012,"title":"HiLo and ESTIMABL1: low-dose radioiodine ablation is enough","refs":["hilo"]},{"year":2013,"title":"Sorafenib approved for RAI-refractory disease (DECISION); selumetinib redifferentiation proof of concept","refs":["decision-sorafenib","redifferentiation-rai"]},{"year":2015,"title":"Lenvatinib approved (SELECT); ATA guidelines endorse active surveillance and less radioiodine","refs":["select-lenvatinib","active-surveillance-thyroid"]},{"year":2018,"title":"Dabrafenib-trametinib approved for BRAF V600E anaplastic thyroid cancer (ROAR); larotrectinib tumour-agnostic","refs":["roar-atc","dabrafenib-trametinib","ntrk"]},{"year":2020,"title":"Selpercatinib approved","refs":["selpercatinib"]},{"year":2020,"title":"Selpercatinib and pralsetinib: RET-selective inhibitors approved","refs":["selpercatinib","pralsetinib","arrow-thyroid"]},{"year":2022,"title":"ESTIMABL2: no radioiodine for low-risk disease; ASTRA adjuvant redifferentiation negative","refs":["estimabl2","astra"]},{"year":2023,"title":"LIBRETTO-531: selpercatinib beats cabozantinib/vandetanib in medullary cancer","refs":["libretto-531"]},{"year":2025,"title":"IoN confirms omission of radioiodine in low-risk disease (Lancet)","refs":["ion-trial"]},{"year":2026,"title":"Selpercatinib label update (July 2026)","refs":["selpercatinib"]}],"pipeline":["selpercatinib","al2846","jk08","idea-atc-triplet-io","braf-mek-neoadjuvant-atc","redifferentiation-rai","idea-thyroid-overdiagnosis-reversal","thyroid-fna-molecular","active-surveillance-thyroid","pembrolizumab","cthpv-dna","targeted-alpha-therapy","mrd-testing","dermoscopy-ai"],"openProblems":["Overdiagnosis of microcarcinoma.","Anaplastic thyroid cancer: BRAF V600E cases now respond to dabrafenib-trametinib, often enough to allow surgery; the 60% without the mutation still have few options.","Overdiagnosis: incidence has tripled with no change in mortality; most detected cancers would never have caused harm, yet surveillance uptake outside Japan and Korea remains low.","Anaplastic thyroid cancer without BRAF V600E (about 60%) still has a median survival of a few months.","Resistance to RET-selective inhibitors via solvent-front (G810) mutations has no approved next-generation drug.","Multikinase inhibitors for RAI-refractory disease cause hypertension, weight loss, and fatigue; most patients need dose reductions and quality of life suffers.","No validated way to predict which low-risk patients will be the rare ones to recur, so follow-up intensity is uniform.","Redifferentiation works in about half of refractory patients but predictors and optimal regimens are undefined.","Paediatric and radiation-induced thyroid cancers (Chernobyl, Fukushima cohorts) have distinct fusion-driven biology that is under-studied.","Hereditary MEN2 requires lifelong surveillance and prophylactic surgery in children; long-term outcomes of RET-selective therapy in this group are unknown."]},"route":"/cancers/thyroid/","neighbours":{"roadmap":[{"id":"radiopharma-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Radiopharmaceutical roadmap: iodine → lutetium → actinium","route":"/roadmaps/radiopharma-roadmap/"}],"pairing":[{"id":"braf-mek-neoadjuvant-atc","kind":"pairing","name":"BRAF/MEK inhibition → surgery in anaplastic thyroid cancer","route":"/pairings/braf-mek-neoadjuvant-atc/"},{"id":"redifferentiation-rai","kind":"pairing","name":"MAPK inhibitor redifferentiation → radioiodine","route":"/pairings/redifferentiation-rai/"}],"term":[{"id":"active-surveillance-term","kind":"term","name":"Active surveillance and observation","route":"/terms/active-surveillance-term/"},{"id":"bethesda-category","kind":"term","name":"Bethesda category (thyroid cytology)","route":"/terms/bethesda-category/"},{"id":"braf-v600-mutation","kind":"term","name":"BRAF V600E mutation","route":"/terms/braf-v600-mutation/"},{"id":"low-risk-dtc","kind":"term","name":"Low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (ATA risk)","route":"/terms/low-risk-dtc/"},{"id":"obesity-related-cancers","kind":"term","name":"Obesity-related cancers (IARC list of 13)","route":"/terms/obesity-related-cancers/"},{"id":"radioiodine-term","kind":"term","name":"Radioiodine therapy (I-131)","route":"/terms/radioiodine-term/"},{"id":"rai-refractory","kind":"term","name":"Radioiodine-refractory (RAI-R) thyroid cancer","route":"/terms/rai-refractory/"},{"id":"rejuv-second-screening-after-treatment-compared","kind":"term","name":"Screening survivors: where the UK, American and European answers differ","route":"/terms/rejuv-second-screening-after-treatment-compared/"},{"id":"tert-promoter","kind":"term","name":"TERT promoter mutation","route":"/terms/tert-promoter/"},{"id":"theranostics","kind":"term","name":"Theranostics","route":"/terms/theranostics/"},{"id":"second-primary-thyroid-after-neck-radiotherapy","kind":"term","name":"Thyroid cancer after neck radiotherapy, and whether to look for it","route":"/terms/second-primary-thyroid-after-neck-radiotherapy/"},{"id":"thyroidectomy","kind":"term","name":"Thyroidectomy","route":"/terms/thyroidectomy/"},{"id":"tsh-suppression","kind":"term","name":"TSH suppression","route":"/terms/tsh-suppression/"},{"id":"tumour-differentiation","kind":"term","name":"Tumour differentiation (well / moderately / poorly differentiated)","route":"/terms/tumour-differentiation/"},{"id":"tumour-markers","kind":"term","name":"Tumour markers (CEA, LDH, chromogranin, thyroglobulin)","route":"/terms/tumour-markers/"}],"technology":[{"id":"rejuv-mind-visible-difference-head-and-neck","kind":"technology","name":"A changed face and voice: body image after head and neck cancer treatment","route":"/technologies/rejuv-mind-visible-difference-head-and-neck/"},{"id":"active-surveillance-thyroid","kind":"technology","name":"Active surveillance of papillary microcarcinoma","route":"/technologies/active-surveillance-thyroid/"},{"id":"rejuv-ayac-distinct-group","kind":"technology","name":"Adolescents and young adults: a group with its own cancers, its own gap and its own needs","route":"/technologies/rejuv-ayac-distinct-group/"},{"id":"cthpv-dna","kind":"technology","name":"Circulating tumour HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA)","route":"/technologies/cthpv-dna/"},{"id":"dermoscopy-ai","kind":"technology","name":"Dermoscopy, total-body photography & AI skin analysis","route":"/technologies/dermoscopy-ai/"},{"id":"dry-mouth-teeth-after-head-neck-radiotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Dry mouth, teeth and taste after head and neck radiotherapy","route":"/technologies/dry-mouth-teeth-after-head-neck-radiotherapy/"},{"id":"ultrasound-elastography-ceus","kind":"technology","name":"Elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound","route":"/technologies/ultrasound-elastography-ceus/"},{"id":"germline-testing","kind":"technology","name":"Germline (hereditary) testing","route":"/technologies/germline-testing/"},{"id":"hand-held-ultrasound","kind":"technology","name":"Hand-held and point-of-care ultrasound","route":"/technologies/hand-held-ultrasound/"},{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"},{"id":"rejuv-life-insurance-loans-and-the-right-to-be-forgotten","kind":"technology","name":"Insurance, mortgages and the right to be forgotten","route":"/technologies/rejuv-life-insurance-loans-and-the-right-to-be-forgotten/"},{"id":"microwave-rf-ablation","kind":"technology","name":"Microwave and radiofrequency ablation systems","route":"/technologies/microwave-rf-ablation/"},{"id":"rejuv-life-money-after-treatment","kind":"technology","name":"Money after treatment: what the cost of cancer does once the treatment has finished","route":"/technologies/rejuv-life-money-after-treatment/"},{"id":"mrd-testing","kind":"technology","name":"MRD / molecular residual disease testing","route":"/technologies/mrd-testing/"},{"id":"radioiodine-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Radioiodine therapy and whole-body iodine scanning","route":"/technologies/radioiodine-therapy/"},{"id":"radioligand-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Radioligand therapy (beta emitters)","route":"/technologies/radioligand-therapy/"},{"id":"rejuv-paed-second-cancers","kind":"technology","name":"Second cancers after childhood cancer: the risk by treatment, and why it is falling","route":"/technologies/rejuv-paed-second-cancers/"},{"id":"serum-tumour-markers","kind":"technology","name":"Serum tumour markers: proper use and misuse","route":"/technologies/serum-tumour-markers/"},{"id":"kinase-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"Small-molecule kinase inhibitors","route":"/technologies/kinase-inhibitors/"},{"id":"spect-ct","kind":"technology","name":"SPECT/CT","route":"/technologies/spect-ct/"},{"id":"targeted-alpha-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Targeted alpha therapy","route":"/technologies/targeted-alpha-therapy/"},{"id":"thyroid-cancer-markers","kind":"technology","name":"Thyroglobulin, calcitonin and CEA in thyroid cancer follow-up","route":"/technologies/thyroid-cancer-markers/"},{"id":"thyroid-fna-molecular","kind":"technology","name":"Thyroid nodule FNA, Bethesda cytology & molecular classifiers","route":"/technologies/thyroid-fna-molecular/"},{"id":"ultrasound","kind":"technology","name":"Ultrasound","route":"/technologies/ultrasound/"}],"target":[{"id":"aff3","kind":"target","name":"AFF3","route":"/targets/aff3/"},{"id":"arhgap5","kind":"target","name":"ARHGAP5","route":"/targets/arhgap5/"},{"id":"atxn7","kind":"target","name":"ATXN7","route":"/targets/atxn7/"},{"id":"axl","kind":"target","name":"AXL","route":"/targets/axl/"},{"id":"braf","kind":"target","name":"BRAF","route":"/targets/braf/"},{"id":"ccdc6","kind":"target","name":"CCDC6","route":"/targets/ccdc6/"},{"id":"cdkn1b","kind":"target","name":"CDKN1B","route":"/targets/cdkn1b/"},{"id":"chek2","kind":"target","name":"CHEK2","route":"/targets/chek2/"},{"id":"col2a1","kind":"target","name":"COL2A1","route":"/targets/col2a1/"},{"id":"cux1","kind":"target","name":"CUX1","route":"/targets/cux1/"},{"id":"dgcr8","kind":"target","name":"DGCR8","route":"/targets/dgcr8/"},{"id":"eif1ax","kind":"target","name":"EIF1AX","route":"/targets/eif1ax/"},{"id":"eml4","kind":"target","name":"EML4","route":"/targets/eml4/"},{"id":"epha1","kind":"target","name":"EPHA1","route":"/targets/epha1/"},{"id":"epha10","kind":"target","name":"EPHA10","route":"/targets/epha10/"},{"id":"epha3","kind":"target","name":"EPHA3","route":"/targets/epha3/"},{"id":"epha4","kind":"target","name":"EPHA4","route":"/targets/epha4/"},{"id":"epha5","kind":"target","name":"EPHA5","route":"/targets/epha5/"},{"id":"epha6","kind":"target","name":"EPHA6","route":"/targets/epha6/"},{"id":"epha7","kind":"target","name":"EPHA7","route":"/targets/epha7/"},{"id":"epha8","kind":"target","name":"EPHA8","route":"/targets/epha8/"},{"id":"ephb1","kind":"target","name":"EPHB1","route":"/targets/ephb1/"},{"id":"ephb2","kind":"target","name":"EPHB2","route":"/targets/ephb2/"},{"id":"ephb3","kind":"target","name":"EPHB3","route":"/targets/ephb3/"},{"id":"ephb4","kind":"target","name":"EPHB4","route":"/targets/ephb4/"},{"id":"fam135b","kind":"target","name":"FAM135B","route":"/targets/fam135b/"},{"id":"foxe1","kind":"target","name":"FOXE1","route":"/targets/foxe1/"},{"id":"habp2","kind":"target","name":"HABP2","route":"/targets/habp2/"},{"id":"hras","kind":"target","name":"HRAS","route":"/targets/hras/"},{"id":"kif5b","kind":"target","name":"KIF5B","route":"/targets/kif5b/"},{"id":"mek","kind":"target","name":"MEK1/2","route":"/targets/mek/"},{"id":"minpp1","kind":"target","name":"MINPP1","route":"/targets/minpp1/"},{"id":"ncoa4","kind":"target","name":"NCOA4","route":"/targets/ncoa4/"},{"id":"nf2","kind":"target","name":"NF2","route":"/targets/nf2/"},{"id":"nkx2-1","kind":"target","name":"NKX2-1","route":"/targets/nkx2-1/"},{"id":"nrg1","kind":"target","name":"NRG1","route":"/targets/nrg1/"},{"id":"ntrk","kind":"target","name":"NTRK","route":"/targets/ntrk/"},{"id":"pabpc1","kind":"target","name":"PABPC1","route":"/targets/pabpc1/"},{"id":"pax8","kind":"target","name":"PAX8","route":"/targets/pax8/"},{"id":"pd1","kind":"target","name":"PD-1","route":"/targets/pd1/"},{"id":"pdcd1lg2","kind":"target","name":"PDCD1LG2","route":"/targets/pdcd1lg2/"},{"id":"picalm","kind":"target","name":"PICALM","route":"/targets/picalm/"},{"id":"pml","kind":"target","name":"PML","route":"/targets/pml/"},{"id":"pparg","kind":"target","name":"PPARG","route":"/targets/pparg/"},{"id":"ppp2r1a","kind":"target","name":"PPP2R1A","route":"/targets/ppp2r1a/"},{"id":"prkar1a","kind":"target","name":"PRKAR1A","route":"/targets/prkar1a/"},{"id":"ret","kind":"target","name":"RET","route":"/targets/ret/"},{"id":"sdccag8","kind":"target","name":"SDCCAG8","route":"/targets/sdccag8/"},{"id":"smad3","kind":"target","name":"SMAD3","route":"/targets/smad3/"},{"id":"srgap1","kind":"target","name":"SRGAP1","route":"/targets/srgap1/"},{"id":"stag2","kind":"target","name":"STAG2","route":"/targets/stag2/"},{"id":"stk11","kind":"target","name":"STK11","route":"/targets/stk11/"},{"id":"strn","kind":"target","name":"STRN","route":"/targets/strn/"},{"id":"tg","kind":"target","name":"TG","route":"/targets/tg/"},{"id":"thra","kind":"target","name":"THRA","route":"/targets/thra/"},{"id":"thrb","kind":"target","name":"THRB","route":"/targets/thrb/"},{"id":"tsc2","kind":"target","name":"TSC2","route":"/targets/tsc2/"},{"id":"tshr","kind":"target","name":"TSH receptor (TSHR)","route":"/targets/tshr/"},{"id":"usp9x","kind":"target","name":"USP9X","route":"/targets/usp9x/"},{"id":"vegf","kind":"target","name":"VEGF / VEGFR","route":"/targets/vegf/"},{"id":"zfhx3","kind":"target","name":"ZFHX3","route":"/targets/zfhx3/"}],"drug":[{"id":"afirma","kind":"drug","name":"Afirma Genomic Sequencing Classifier","route":"/drugs/afirma/"},{"id":"al2846","kind":"drug","name":"AL2846","route":"/drugs/al2846/"},{"id":"anlotinib","kind":"drug","name":"Anlotinib","route":"/drugs/anlotinib/"},{"id":"cabozantinib","kind":"drug","name":"Cabozantinib","route":"/drugs/cabozantinib/"},{"id":"dabrafenib","kind":"drug","name":"Dabrafenib","route":"/drugs/dabrafenib/"},{"id":"dabrafenib-trametinib","kind":"drug","name":"Dabrafenib + 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