{"entity":{"id":"thioguanine","kind":"drug","name":"Thioguanine","aka":["6-TG","Tioguanine"],"tldr":"Thioguanine (Tabloid) is an oral chemotherapy tablet used in some regimens to induce and consolidate remission in acute myeloid leukaemia; long-term use is avoided because it damages the liver.","summary":"Thioguanine, a sibling of mercaptopurine from the Elion-Hitchings programme, was approved in 1966 for remission induction and consolidation of acute non-lymphocytic leukaemias. It appears in historical AML regimens such as DAT and TAD and in some childhood ALL protocols, but the label advises against maintenance or long-term use because of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and nodular regenerative hyperplasia; the UK ALL97 trial confirmed excess liver toxicity when it replaced mercaptopurine in maintenance. Myelosuppression is dose-limiting, and TPMT-deficient patients need dose reduction.","status":"approved","asOf":"2026-09-10","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tioguanine","links":[{"label":"US label (DailyMed)","url":"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=thioguanine"},{"label":"NCI drug page","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/thioguanine"}],"tags":["nci-list","generic"],"related":["mercaptopurine"],"cancers":["aml"],"sections":[],"technologies":["cytotoxic-chemotherapy"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["aall1231","aall1331","nct02521493"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"brand":"Tabloid","modality":"Thiopurine antimetabolite","mechanism":"Guanine analogue converted to thioguanine nucleotides incorporated into DNA, causing strand breaks and cell death; inactivated by TPMT.","approvals":[{"region":"US","year":1966,"indication":"Remission induction and consolidation of acute non-lymphocytic leukaemias"}],"mechanismSteps":[],"toxicity":[],"access":[],"regulatoryEvents":[]},"route":"/drugs/thioguanine/","neighbours":{"drug":[{"id":"mercaptopurine","kind":"drug","name":"Mercaptopurine","route":"/drugs/mercaptopurine/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"aml","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","route":"/cancers/aml/"},{"id":"all-paediatric-high-risk","kind":"cancer","name":"High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (high-risk B-ALL and T-ALL)","route":"/cancers/all-paediatric-high-risk/"},{"id":"all-paediatric-standard-risk","kind":"cancer","name":"Standard-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children","route":"/cancers/all-paediatric-standard-risk/"}],"technology":[{"id":"cytotoxic-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytotoxic chemotherapy","route":"/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/"},{"id":"tpmt-nudt15-genotyping","kind":"technology","name":"TPMT and NUDT15 genotyping before thiopurines","route":"/technologies/tpmt-nudt15-genotyping/"}],"trial":[{"id":"aall1231","kind":"trial","name":"AALL1231","route":"/trials/aall1231/"},{"id":"aall1331","kind":"trial","name":"AALL1331","route":"/trials/aall1331/"},{"id":"nct02883049","kind":"trial","name":"Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Ph-Like TKI Sensitive Mutations","route":"/trials/nct02883049/"},{"id":"nct00002658","kind":"trial","name":"Combination Chemotherapy, Biological Therapy, and Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia","route":"/trials/nct00002658/"},{"id":"nct03150693","kind":"trial","name":"Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Frontline Chemotherapy in Treating Young Adults With Newly Diagnosed B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","route":"/trials/nct03150693/"},{"id":"nct01117441","kind":"trial","name":"International Collaborative Treatment Protocol For Children And Adolescents With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","route":"/trials/nct01117441/"},{"id":"nct02521493","kind":"trial","name":"Response-Based Chemotherapy in Treating Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome in Younger Patients With Down Syndrome","route":"/trials/nct02521493/"}]}}