{"entity":{"id":"sox10","kind":"target","name":"SOX10","aka":["SRY-box transcription factor 10","Transcription factor SOX-10","WS4","WS2E","SOX-10"],"tldr":"SOX10 (Transcription factor SOX-10) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Melanoma.","summary":"Transcription factor that plays a central role in developing and mature glia. Specifically activates expression of myelin genes, during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, such as DUSP15 and MYRF, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination. Once induced, MYRF cooperates with SOX10 to implement the myelination program.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Vemurafenib.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:11190","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11190"},{"label":"UniProt P56693","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P56693/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 6663","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6663"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000100146","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000100146"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":["melanoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"SOX10","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:11190","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11190","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P56693","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P56693/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene SOX10","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/5418","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Specificity not established: no corpus medicine is aimed at it and the catalogues give it only the roles drug-target, biomarker; HPA finds the RNA group enriched, which says where the protein sits but not whether the tumour differs from normal tissue. HPA SOX10: RNA group enriched (brain 152 nTPM, salivary gland 105 nTPM); high antibody staining in 3 normal tissues; highest cancer staining glioma (1 of 10 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (No rule of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts fired.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas SOX10 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000100146-SOX10/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000100146 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000100146/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:11190","ensembl":"ENSG00000100146","uniprot":"P56693","entrez":"6663","firstDescribed":1998,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Pingault et al, Nat. Genet, 1998, \"SOX10 mutations in patients with Waardenburg-Hirschsprung disease\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9462749/","biology":"Transcription factor that plays a central role in developing and mature glia. Specifically activates expression of myelin genes, during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, such as DUSP15 and MYRF, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination. Once induced, MYRF cooperates with SOX10 to implement the myelination program. Transcriptional activator of MITF, acting synergistically with PAX3. Transcriptional activator of MBP, via binding to the gene promoter. Location: Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Mitochondrion outer membrane (UniProt). Locus 22q13.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Melanoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"transcription","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/sox10/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"}]}}