{"entity":{"id":"sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)","aka":["Soft Tissue Sarcoma"],"tldr":"Sarcomas are dozens of rare cancers of bone and connective tissue. GIST was the first solid tumour cured-in-practice by a targeted pill; synovial sarcoma got the first TCR-T therapy.","summary":"Sarcomas are cancers of connective tissue: more than 70 subtypes of soft-tissue sarcoma (liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, angiosarcoma and others), bone sarcomas (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma), gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), and locally aggressive but non-metastasising tumours such as desmoid fibromatosis and tenosynovial giant cell tumour. Together they are about 1% of adult and 15% of childhood cancers. Because each subtype is rare, expertise concentrates in reference centres, and treatment is increasingly by histotype and genotype: FNCLCC grade, size and depth define risk in soft-tissue sarcoma; KIT/PDGFRA mutations define GIST therapy; fusion genes (SS18-SSX, EWSR1-FLI1, FUS-DDIT3) define entities and, increasingly, targets.\n\nSurgery with negative margins remains the curative act, with limb-salvage now standard and radiotherapy improving local control in soft-tissue sarcoma. Neoadjuvant anthracycline-ifosfamide benefits high-risk localised soft-tissue sarcoma (ISG-STS 1001), and multi-agent chemotherapy cures the majority of localised osteosarcoma (MAP) and Ewing sarcoma (VDC/IE, INT-0091 and Euro Ewing 2012). Advanced soft-tissue sarcoma still depends on doxorubicin with a median survival around 18-20 months; olaratumab's failure (ANNOUNCE) showed how hard that bar is to move. Subtype-specific drugs then fill in: trabectedin and eribulin for L-sarcomas, pazopanib for non-adipocytic sarcomas, and, in GIST, the sequence imatinib (3 years adjuvant, SSGXVIII), sunitinib, regorafenib and ripretinib (INVICTUS), with avapritinib for PDGFRA D842V and ctDNA-genotype-directed selection (INSIGHT) arriving. Desmoid tumours gained their first drug in nirogacestat (DeFi, 2023) and tenosynovial giant cell tumour its second in vimseltinib (MOTION, February 2025); tazemetostat for epithelioid sarcoma was withdrawn worldwide in March 2026 over secondary blood cancers.\n\nSarcoma is also where solid-tumour T-cell engineering first succeeded: afamitresgene autoleucel (MAGE-A4 TCR-T) was approved in 2024 and fully approved with extension to adolescents in June 2026, and letetresgene autoleucel (NY-ESO-1) has a BLA due by end-2026. Checkpoint inhibitors help a minority (alveolar soft-part sarcoma, UPS, angiosarcoma); most sarcomas are immunologically cold. The unsolved problems are metastatic osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma (survival unchanged in 30 years), the HLA restriction of TCR therapies, chemoresistance of most adult subtypes, and trial feasibility in diseases with a few hundred cases a year.","asOf":"2026-09-07","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcoma","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcoma"}],"tags":["rare","spike"],"related":["ctdna-genotype-gist-tki","doxorubicin-cardio-caution","chordoma","desmoid-tumour","tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour","vascular-tumours","uterine-sarcoma"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["kinase-inhibitors","tcr-t","carbon-ion","hyperthermia","proton-therapy","limb-salvage-surgery","cytotoxic-chemotherapy","liquid-biopsy","cardio-oncology"],"targets":["kit","mage-a4","ntrk","ezh2","cdk4-6","fap","vegf"],"drugs":["sirolimus-albumin-bound","tasonermin"],"companies":["philogen-s-p-a","haihe-biopharma","epicentrx","qbiotics","ranok-therapeutics-hangzhou","deciphera","springworks","us-worldmeds","novartis","johnson-johnson","sanofi","adaptimmune","immatics","childrens-oncology-group","curie-nki-eortc"],"institutions":["mskcc","md-anderson","royal-marsden","gustave-roussy","int-milan"],"pathways":[],"terms":["fnclcc-grade","sarcoma-histotype-tailoring","orr","pfs","limb-salvage-term"],"trials":["invincible-3","nct07174427","nct03016819","nct06127407"],"people":["kate-granger","sid-sijbrandij"],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"group":"sarcoma","burden":"Sarcomas make up ~1% of adult cancers (~13,500 soft-tissue and ~3,900 bone sarcomas in the US per year) and ~15% of paediatric cancers, across >70 histologic subtypes. Five-year survival is ~65% overall and ~15-30% for metastatic disease.","subtypes":["Soft-tissue sarcoma: liposarcoma (well-differentiated/dedifferentiated, myxoid, pleomorphic), leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, angiosarcoma, MPNST, rhabdomyosarcoma (paediatric)","Bone sarcoma: osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma","Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (KIT, PDGFRA, SDH-deficient, NF1)","Desmoid tumour (CTNNB1/APC; locally aggressive, non-metastasising)","Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (CSF1-driven; benign)","Epithelioid sarcoma (INI1/SMARCB1 loss)","Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPSCR1-TFE3; IO-responsive)","Fusion-defined and NTRK-fusion sarcomas"],"biomarkers":["Histologic subtype","KIT/PDGFRA (GIST)","MAGE-A4 + HLA-A*02","NTRK fusions","INI1 loss","CDK4/MDM2 amplification (liposarcoma)","Histologic subtype and FNCLCC grade","KIT/PDGFRA mutation and secondary mutations (tissue or ctDNA) in GIST","SS18-SSX, EWSR1-FLI1, FUS-DDIT3, ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusions","MAGE-A4 or NY-ESO-1 expression + HLA-A*02 for TCR-T","INI1 (SMARCB1) loss","MDM2/CDK4 amplification (liposarcoma)","CTNNB1/APC mutation (desmoid)","CSF1 translocation (TGCT)","Sarculator nomogram risk"],"standardOfCare":[{"setting":"Localised STS","approach":"Wide excision + radiation; neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk.","refs":["imrt-igrt","proton-therapy","hyperthermia"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Soft Tissue Sarcoma","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1464"}},{"setting":"Advanced","approach":"Doxorubicin ± ifosfamide; subtype-directed: imatinib, afami-cel, larotrectinib (tazemetostat was withdrawn in March 2026).","refs":["imatinib","afamitresgene-autoleucel"],"guideline":{"version":"NCCN Guidelines: Soft Tissue Sarcoma","url":"https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=1&id=1464"}},{"setting":"Localised extremity/trunk soft-tissue sarcoma, low grade","approach":"Wide resection (limb-salvage) ± radiotherapy for margins or size >5 cm; observation thereafter.","refs":["limb-salvage-surgery","imrt-igrt","fnclcc-grade"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 1 (surgery ± RT)","version":"NCCN Soft Tissue Sarcoma 2026"}},{"setting":"Localised high-risk soft-tissue sarcoma (grade 3, >5 cm, deep)","approach":"Neoadjuvant anthracycline-ifosfamide × 3 (ISG-STS 1001) ± preoperative radiotherapy, then wide resection; regional hyperthermia with chemotherapy where available (EORTC 62961).","refs":["isg-sts-1001","doxorubicin","ifosfamide","imrt-igrt","hyperthermia","limb-salvage-surgery"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 2A (neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk)","esmoMcbs":"A (ISG-STS 1001)","version":"NCCN 2026 / ESMO 2021"}},{"setting":"Advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, first line","approach":"Doxorubicin 75 mg/m2 (single agent) or doxorubicin-ifosfamide for symptomatic/rapid disease (EORTC 62012: PFS but not OS benefit); histotype exceptions: trabectedin or gemcitabine-docetaxel for leiomyosarcoma, paclitaxel for angiosarcoma. Adding olaratumab to doxorubicin gave no survival benefit (ANNOUNCE).","refs":["doxorubicin","ifosfamide","trabectedin","announce","sarcoma-histotype-tailoring"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 1 (anthracycline-based)","version":"NCCN 2026"}},{"setting":"Advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, later lines","approach":"Trabectedin (L-sarcomas), eribulin (liposarcoma), pazopanib (non-adipocytic), gemcitabine-docetaxel, dacarbazine; pembrolizumab for alveolar soft-part sarcoma or UPS; larotrectinib for NTRK fusion; afami-cel or lete-cel for MAGE-A4/NY-ESO-1+ synovial sarcoma and MRCLS.","refs":["trabectedin","pazopanib","pembrolizumab","afamitresgene-autoleucel","letetresgene-autoleucel","ignyte-eso"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 2A","version":"NCCN 2026"}},{"setting":"GIST, localised","approach":"Resection; adjuvant imatinib 3 years for high risk (SSGXVIII), longer under study; none for PDGFRA D842V or SDH-deficient (imatinib-insensitive).","refs":["imatinib","ssgxviii"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 1 (imatinib 3 years, high-risk)","esmoMcbs":"A","version":"NCCN 2026"}},{"setting":"GIST, advanced","approach":"Imatinib 400 mg (800 mg for exon 9) → sunitinib → regorafenib → ripretinib (INVICTUS); avapritinib for PDGFRA D842V; ctDNA KIT genotyping to choose ripretinib vs sunitinib second line (INSIGHT); surgery for oligoprogression.","refs":["imatinib","ripretinib","invictus","insight-gist","avapritinib","ctdna-genotype-gist-tki"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 1 sequence","version":"NCCN 2026"}},{"setting":"Osteosarcoma","approach":"Neoadjuvant MAP (methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin) → limb-salvage resection → adjuvant MAP; no benefit from adding ifosfamide-etoposide or interferon (EURAMOS-1); metastatic/relapsed: surgery of lung metastases, regorafenib/cabozantinib.","refs":["doxorubicin","limb-salvage-surgery","childrens-oncology-group"]},{"setting":"Ewing sarcoma","approach":"Interval-compressed VDC/IE (INT-0091, AEWS0031, Euro Ewing 2012) with surgery and/or radiotherapy for local control; high-dose busulfan-melphalan for selected high-risk (Euro-EWING 99 R2); relapse: irinotecan-temozolomide, cabozantinib, trials.","refs":["int-0091","euro-ewing-2012","doxorubicin","ifosfamide","proton-therapy","aews0031"]},{"setting":"Desmoid tumour","approach":"Active surveillance first (many regress); nirogacestat (DeFi) for progressing symptomatic disease; sorafenib alternative; surgery only for select sites; cryoablation for extra-abdominal tumours.","refs":["nirogacestat","defi","thermal-ablation","idea-desmoid-intermittent-dosing"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 1 (nirogacestat)","version":"NCCN 2026"}},{"setting":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumour","approach":"Surgery for localised disease; vimseltinib (MOTION) or pexidartinib (REMS for hepatotoxicity) for diffuse disease not amenable to surgery.","refs":["vimseltinib","motion"],"guideline":{"nccn":"Category 2A","version":"NCCN 2026"}}],"stateOfArt":["Subtype-specific targeted and cellular therapies.","First engineered T-cell therapies for a solid tumour: afami-cel (full approval and age ≥12 in June 2026) and lete-cel (BLA due 2026) for synovial sarcoma and MRCLS.","GIST as a model of genotype-directed sequencing: four approved TKIs, a mutation-specific drug for D842V, and ctDNA-selected phase 3 (INSIGHT).","New indications for benign but destructive tumours: nirogacestat (desmoid, 2023) and vimseltinib (TGCT, 2025).","Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk soft-tissue sarcoma validated (ISG-STS 1001), while histotype-tailored chemotherapy was not superior.","Ewing sarcoma treatment unified on VDC/IE after Euro Ewing 2012; interval compression and busulfan-melphalan refine it.","Withdrawal of tazemetostat (March 2026) removed the only EZH2 drug from epithelioid sarcoma, a reminder that rare-disease approvals rest on thin safety data."],"history":[{"year":1970,"title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma (Jaffe, Rosen) turns a 20% survival into 60%","refs":["doxorubicin"]},{"year":1980,"title":"Limb-salvage surgery shown equivalent to amputation (Rosenberg, NCI)","refs":["limb-salvage-surgery"]},{"year":1982,"title":"Adjuvant radiotherapy improves local control after limb-sparing surgery (NCI randomised trial)","refs":["imrt-igrt"]},{"year":1998,"title":"KIT mutations discovered in GIST (Hirota)","refs":["kit"]},{"year":2002,"title":"Imatinib for GIST","refs":["imatinib"]},{"year":2002,"title":"Imatinib approved for GIST: the first solid tumour controlled by a targeted pill","refs":["imatinib"]},{"year":2003,"title":"INT-0091: ifosfamide-etoposide added to Ewing sarcoma therapy","refs":["int-0091"]},{"year":2007,"title":"Trabectedin approved in Europe for soft-tissue sarcoma","refs":["trabectedin"]},{"year":2010,"title":"EORTC 62961: regional hyperthermia with chemotherapy improves survival in high-risk STS","refs":["hyperthermia"]},{"year":2012,"title":"SSGXVIII: 3-year adjuvant imatinib; pazopanib approved (PALETTE)","refs":["ssgxviii","pazopanib"]},{"year":2017,"title":"ISG-STS 1001: neoadjuvant anthracycline-ifosfamide for high-risk STS","refs":["isg-sts-1001"]},{"year":2019,"title":"ANNOUNCE fails; olaratumab withdrawn","refs":["announce"]},{"year":2020,"title":"Ripretinib (INVICTUS) and avapritinib (D842V) approved; tazemetostat approved for epithelioid sarcoma","refs":["ripretinib","invictus","avapritinib"]},{"year":2022,"title":"Euro Ewing 2012 unifies VDC/IE; DeFi positive","refs":["euro-ewing-2012","defi"]},{"year":2023,"title":"Nirogacestat: first drug for desmoid tumours","refs":["nirogacestat"]},{"year":2024,"title":"Afami-cel: first TCR-T for a solid tumour","refs":["afamitresgene-autoleucel"]},{"year":2024,"title":"Afami-cel: first TCR-T for a solid tumour; MOTION positive; IGNYTE-ESO reports","refs":["afamitresgene-autoleucel","motion","ignyte-eso"]},{"year":2025,"title":"Vimseltinib approved (14 Feb); lete-cel and Tecelra transferred to US WorldMeds","refs":["vimseltinib","letetresgene-autoleucel","us-worldmeds"]},{"year":2026,"title":"Tazemetostat withdrawn worldwide (9 March); afami-cel full approval and age ≥12 (June); INSIGHT positive","refs":["afamitresgene-autoleucel","insight-gist","ezh2"]}],"pipeline":["fap-2286","carbon-ion","hs-20093","gotistobart","int230-6","tbi-1301","t3011","letetresgene-autoleucel","ignyte-eso","insight-gist","ctdna-genotype-gist-tki","idea-tcr-t-beyond-hla-a2","idea-desmoid-intermittent-dosing","vimseltinib","nirogacestat","limb-salvage-surgery"],"openProblems":["Rarity limits trials.","Chemoresistance of most subtypes.","Metastatic osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma: survival ~20-30%, unchanged for three decades; no targeted or immune therapy has worked.","Advanced soft-tissue sarcoma still depends on a 1970s drug (doxorubicin); every attempt to improve first-line survival (olaratumab, evofosfamide, aldoxorubicin) failed.","TCR-T is limited to HLA-A*02 carriers, requires antigen screening, and is available at few centres.","Most sarcomas are immunologically cold; checkpoint inhibitors help only alveolar soft-part sarcoma, some UPS and angiosarcoma.","Rarity fragments evidence: 70+ subtypes, few randomised trials, and reliance on reference-centre expertise that is unevenly distributed.","Long-term survivors of childhood bone sarcoma carry anthracycline cardiotoxicity, infertility and second cancers.","Epithelioid sarcoma lost its only drug (tazemetostat) in 2026; INI1-loss tumours need new approaches.","Desmoid and TGCT therapies raise chronic-dosing questions (ovarian toxicity, cost) in non-malignant diseases."]},"route":"/cancers/sarcoma/","neighbours":{"pairing":[{"id":"doxorubicin-cardio-caution","kind":"pairing","name":"Caution: cumulative anthracycline dose and the heart","route":"/pairings/doxorubicin-cardio-caution/"},{"id":"ctdna-genotype-gist-tki","kind":"pairing","name":"ctDNA KIT genotyping → TKI selection in GIST","route":"/pairings/ctdna-genotype-gist-tki/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"adamantinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Adamantinoma of bone","route":"/cancers/adamantinoma/"},{"id":"alveolar-soft-part-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma","route":"/cancers/alveolar-soft-part-sarcoma/"},{"id":"chondrosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Chondrosarcoma","route":"/cancers/chondrosarcoma/"},{"id":"chordoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Chordoma","route":"/cancers/chordoma/"},{"id":"dedifferentiated-chordoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Dedifferentiated chordoma","route":"/cancers/dedifferentiated-chordoma/"},{"id":"dermatofibrosarcoma-protuberans","kind":"cancer","name":"Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","route":"/cancers/dermatofibrosarcoma-protuberans/"},{"id":"desmoid-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Desmoid tumour","route":"/cancers/desmoid-tumour/"},{"id":"desmoplastic-small-round-cell-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumour","route":"/cancers/desmoplastic-small-round-cell-tumour/"},{"id":"epithelioid-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Epithelioid sarcoma","route":"/cancers/epithelioid-sarcoma/"},{"id":"ewing-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Ewing sarcoma","route":"/cancers/ewing-sarcoma/"},{"id":"gist","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)","route":"/cancers/gist/"},{"id":"inflammatory-myofibroblastic-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT)","route":"/cancers/inflammatory-myofibroblastic-tumour/"},{"id":"kaposi-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Kaposi sarcoma","route":"/cancers/kaposi-sarcoma/"},{"id":"leiomyosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Leiomyosarcoma","route":"/cancers/leiomyosarcoma/"},{"id":"liposarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Liposarcoma","route":"/cancers/liposarcoma/"},{"id":"malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)","route":"/cancers/malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumour/"},{"id":"myxofibrosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Myxofibrosarcoma","route":"/cancers/myxofibrosarcoma/"},{"id":"osteosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Osteosarcoma","route":"/cancers/osteosarcoma/"},{"id":"pecoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa)","route":"/cancers/pecoma/"},{"id":"phyllodes-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Phyllodes tumour of the breast","route":"/cancers/phyllodes-tumour/"},{"id":"retroperitoneal-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Retroperitoneal sarcoma","route":"/cancers/retroperitoneal-sarcoma/"},{"id":"rhabdomyosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Rhabdomyosarcoma","route":"/cancers/rhabdomyosarcoma/"},{"id":"extremity-soft-tissue-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity (localised and advanced)","route":"/cancers/extremity-soft-tissue-sarcoma/"},{"id":"synovial-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Synovial sarcoma","route":"/cancers/synovial-sarcoma/"},{"id":"tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT)","route":"/cancers/tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour/"},{"id":"undifferentiated-pleomorphic-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS)","route":"/cancers/undifferentiated-pleomorphic-sarcoma/"},{"id":"uterine-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Uterine sarcoma","route":"/cancers/uterine-sarcoma/"},{"id":"vascular-tumours","kind":"cancer","name":"Vascular tumours (angiosarcoma, epithelioid haemangioendothelioma, kaposiform haemangioendothelioma)","route":"/cancers/vascular-tumours/"}],"technology":[{"id":"bnct-accelerator-systems","kind":"technology","name":"Accelerator-based BNCT systems (NeuCure, nuBeam, NeuPex)","route":"/technologies/bnct-accelerator-systems/"},{"id":"rejuv-mind-body-image-after-cancer","kind":"technology","name":"Body image after cancer treatment: how it is measured, what drives it, and what helps","route":"/technologies/rejuv-mind-body-image-after-cancer/"},{"id":"rejuv-rehab-cancer-rehabilitation","kind":"technology","name":"Cancer rehabilitation: the discipline that puts function back","route":"/technologies/rejuv-rehab-cancer-rehabilitation/"},{"id":"carbon-ion-synchrotrons","kind":"technology","name":"Carbon-ion synchrotrons and facilities","route":"/technologies/carbon-ion-synchrotrons/"},{"id":"carbon-ion","kind":"technology","name":"Carbon-ion therapy","route":"/technologies/carbon-ion/"},{"id":"cardio-oncology","kind":"technology","name":"Cardio-oncology","route":"/technologies/cardio-oncology/"},{"id":"cytotoxic-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytotoxic chemotherapy","route":"/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/"},{"id":"epigenetic-drugs","kind":"technology","name":"Epigenetic drugs (HDAC, DNMT, EZH2, IDH, menin, BET)","route":"/technologies/epigenetic-drugs/"},{"id":"gamma-secretase-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"Gamma-secretase inhibitors","route":"/technologies/gamma-secretase-inhibitors/"},{"id":"cardiotoxicity-surveillance-recovery","kind":"technology","name":"Heart function after anthracyclines, trastuzumab and chest radiotherapy","route":"/technologies/cardiotoxicity-surveillance-recovery/"},{"id":"hyperthermia","kind":"technology","name":"Hyperthermia","route":"/technologies/hyperthermia/"},{"id":"hyperthermia-systems","kind":"technology","name":"Hyperthermia systems (BSD-2000, EHY-2000, superficial and interstitial applicators)","route":"/technologies/hyperthermia-systems/"},{"id":"hypoxia-activated-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Hypoxia-activated prodrugs","route":"/technologies/hypoxia-activated-therapy/"},{"id":"immunocytokines","kind":"technology","name":"Immunocytokines (antibody-cytokine fusions)","route":"/technologies/immunocytokines/"},{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"},{"id":"intraoperative-mri-ct","kind":"technology","name":"Intraoperative MRI and CT","route":"/technologies/intraoperative-mri-ct/"},{"id":"intraoperative-radiotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT)","route":"/technologies/intraoperative-radiotherapy/"},{"id":"isolated-limb-perfusion","kind":"technology","name":"Isolated limb perfusion and infusion","route":"/technologies/isolated-limb-perfusion/"},{"id":"rejuv-recon-limb","kind":"technology","name":"Limb salvage, amputation, and the rehabilitation that follows either","route":"/technologies/rejuv-recon-limb/"},{"id":"limb-salvage-surgery","kind":"technology","name":"Limb-salvage surgery and endoprosthetic reconstruction","route":"/technologies/limb-salvage-surgery/"},{"id":"liquid-biopsy","kind":"technology","name":"Liquid biopsy (ctDNA)","route":"/technologies/liquid-biopsy/"},{"id":"rejuv-mind-body-after-stoma-and-limb-loss","kind":"technology","name":"Living with a stoma, and living after an amputation","route":"/technologies/rejuv-mind-body-after-stoma-and-limb-loss/"},{"id":"mdm2-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"MDM2 inhibitors","route":"/technologies/mdm2-inhibitors/"},{"id":"metabolic-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Metabolic therapy: starving the tumour of a nutrient","route":"/technologies/metabolic-therapy/"},{"id":"sarcoma-methylation-classifier","kind":"technology","name":"Methylation classifier for sarcomas","route":"/technologies/sarcoma-methylation-classifier/"},{"id":"rejuv-mind-traumatic-stress-after-cancer","kind":"technology","name":"Post-traumatic stress after cancer: what is measured, and how much of it is measurement","route":"/technologies/rejuv-mind-traumatic-stress-after-cancer/"},{"id":"anthracycline-cardioprotection","kind":"technology","name":"Protecting the heart during anthracycline treatment: dexrazoxane, beta blockers and ACE inhibitors","route":"/technologies/anthracycline-cardioprotection/"},{"id":"proton-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Proton therapy","route":"/technologies/proton-therapy/"},{"id":"radiodynamic-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Radiodynamic therapy and radiosensitising nanoparticles","route":"/technologies/radiodynamic-therapy/"},{"id":"rejuv-access-rehabilitation-referral","kind":"technology","name":"Referral to rehabilitation: the service most people who need it never see","route":"/technologies/rejuv-access-rehabilitation-referral/"},{"id":"rejuv-rehab-scar-contracture","kind":"technology","name":"Scars, stiffness and contracture: shoulders, necks and jaws","route":"/technologies/rejuv-rehab-scar-contracture/"},{"id":"kinase-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"Small-molecule kinase inhibitors","route":"/technologies/kinase-inhibitors/"},{"id":"strain-echocardiography-gls","kind":"technology","name":"Strain echocardiography (global longitudinal strain)","route":"/technologies/strain-echocardiography-gls/"},{"id":"tcr-t","kind":"technology","name":"TCR-T cell therapy","route":"/technologies/tcr-t/"},{"id":"rejuv-recovery-cumulative-dose","kind":"technology","name":"The cumulative dose that decides whether it comes back","route":"/technologies/rejuv-recovery-cumulative-dose/"},{"id":"rejuv-rehab-assistive-devices","kind":"technology","name":"The devices that do the restoring, and who pays for them","route":"/technologies/rejuv-rehab-assistive-devices/"},{"id":"thermal-ablation","kind":"technology","name":"Thermal ablation (RFA, microwave, cryo)","route":"/technologies/thermal-ablation/"},{"id":"cardiac-biomarker-monitoring","kind":"technology","name":"Troponin and natriuretic peptide monitoring during cancer treatment","route":"/technologies/cardiac-biomarker-monitoring/"}],"target":[{"id":"acsl6","kind":"target","name":"ACSL6","route":"/targets/acsl6/"},{"id":"aspscr1","kind":"target","name":"ASPSCR1","route":"/targets/aspscr1/"},{"id":"ass1","kind":"target","name":"ASS1","route":"/targets/ass1/"},{"id":"atf1","kind":"target","name":"ATF1","route":"/targets/atf1/"},{"id":"atrx","kind":"target","name":"ATRX","route":"/targets/atrx/"},{"id":"bcor","kind":"target","name":"BCOR","route":"/targets/bcor/"},{"id":"cacna1d","kind":"target","name":"CACNA1D","route":"/targets/cacna1d/"},{"id":"camta1","kind":"target","name":"CAMTA1","route":"/targets/camta1/"},{"id":"cbl","kind":"target","name":"CBL","route":"/targets/cbl/"},{"id":"cdk4-6","kind":"target","name":"CDK4/6","route":"/targets/cdk4-6/"},{"id":"chek2","kind":"target","name":"CHEK2","route":"/targets/chek2/"},{"id":"col1a1","kind":"target","name":"COL1A1","route":"/targets/col1a1/"},{"id":"creb1","kind":"target","name":"CREB1","route":"/targets/creb1/"},{"id":"creb3l1","kind":"target","name":"CREB3L1","route":"/targets/creb3l1/"},{"id":"creb3l2","kind":"target","name":"CREB3L2","route":"/targets/creb3l2/"},{"id":"csf1r","kind":"target","name":"CSF1R","route":"/targets/csf1r/"},{"id":"csf2rb","kind":"target","name":"CSF2RB","route":"/targets/csf2rb/"},{"id":"ddit3","kind":"target","name":"DDIT3","route":"/targets/ddit3/"},{"id":"ddx6","kind":"target","name":"DDX6","route":"/targets/ddx6/"},{"id":"dicer1","kind":"target","name":"DICER1","route":"/targets/dicer1/"},{"id":"erg","kind":"target","name":"ERG","route":"/targets/erg/"},{"id":"etv1","kind":"target","name":"ETV1","route":"/targets/etv1/"},{"id":"etv6","kind":"target","name":"ETV6","route":"/targets/etv6/"},{"id":"ewsr1-fli1","kind":"target","name":"EWSR1-FLI1 fusion","route":"/targets/ewsr1-fli1/"},{"id":"ext1","kind":"target","name":"EXT1","route":"/targets/ext1/"},{"id":"ezh2","kind":"target","name":"EZH2","route":"/targets/ezh2/"},{"id":"fap","kind":"target","name":"FAP","route":"/targets/fap/"},{"id":"fgfr4","kind":"target","name":"FGFR4","route":"/targets/fgfr4/"},{"id":"foxo1","kind":"target","name":"FOXO1","route":"/targets/foxo1/"},{"id":"fus","kind":"target","name":"FUS","route":"/targets/fus/"},{"id":"gd2","kind":"target","name":"GD2 (disialoganglioside)","route":"/targets/gd2/"},{"id":"gli1","kind":"target","name":"GLI1","route":"/targets/gli1/"},{"id":"hey1","kind":"target","name":"HEY1","route":"/targets/hey1/"},{"id":"hla-a","kind":"target","name":"HLA-A","route":"/targets/hla-a/"},{"id":"hras","kind":"target","name":"HRAS","route":"/targets/hras/"},{"id":"itk","kind":"target","name":"ITK","route":"/targets/itk/"},{"id":"kit","kind":"target","name":"KIT","route":"/targets/kit/"},{"id":"lck","kind":"target","name":"LCK","route":"/targets/lck/"},{"id":"lgr5-gene","kind":"target","name":"LGR5","route":"/targets/lgr5-gene/"},{"id":"mage-a4","kind":"target","name":"MAGE-A4","route":"/targets/mage-a4/"},{"id":"mb21d2","kind":"target","name":"MB21D2","route":"/targets/mb21d2/"},{"id":"mdm2","kind":"target","name":"MDM2","route":"/targets/mdm2/"},{"id":"msh2","kind":"target","name":"MSH2","route":"/targets/msh2/"},{"id":"msh6","kind":"target","name":"MSH6","route":"/targets/msh6/"},{"id":"mtor","kind":"target","name":"mTOR","route":"/targets/mtor/"},{"id":"myh11","kind":"target","name":"MYH11","route":"/targets/myh11/"},{"id":"myod1","kind":"target","name":"MYOD1","route":"/targets/myod1/"},{"id":"nbn","kind":"target","name":"NBN","route":"/targets/nbn/"},{"id":"ncoa2","kind":"target","name":"NCOA2","route":"/targets/ncoa2/"},{"id":"ncor2","kind":"target","name":"NCOR2","route":"/targets/ncor2/"},{"id":"nr4a3","kind":"target","name":"NR4A3","route":"/targets/nr4a3/"},{"id":"ntrk","kind":"target","name":"NTRK","route":"/targets/ntrk/"},{"id":"nutm2b","kind":"target","name":"NUTM2B","route":"/targets/nutm2b/"},{"id":"pax3","kind":"target","name":"PAX3","route":"/targets/pax3/"},{"id":"pax7","kind":"target","name":"PAX7","route":"/targets/pax7/"},{"id":"pdgfb","kind":"target","name":"PDGFB","route":"/targets/pdgfb/"},{"id":"pdgfra","kind":"target","name":"PDGFRA","route":"/targets/pdgfra/"},{"id":"pdgfrb","kind":"target","name":"PDGFRB","route":"/targets/pdgfrb/"},{"id":"pik3cb","kind":"target","name":"PIK3CB","route":"/targets/pik3cb/"},{"id":"pik3r1","kind":"target","name":"PIK3R1","route":"/targets/pik3r1/"},{"id":"plcg1","kind":"target","name":"PLCG1","route":"/targets/plcg1/"},{"id":"pot1","kind":"target","name":"POT1","route":"/targets/pot1/"},{"id":"prame","kind":"target","name":"PRAME","route":"/targets/prame/"},{"id":"prdm16","kind":"target","name":"PRDM16","route":"/targets/prdm16/"},{"id":"ptprb","kind":"target","name":"PTPRB","route":"/targets/ptprb/"},{"id":"rad23b","kind":"target","name":"RAD23B","route":"/targets/rad23b/"},{"id":"rb1","kind":"target","name":"RB1","route":"/targets/rb1/"},{"id":"recql4","kind":"target","name":"RECQL4","route":"/targets/recql4/"},{"id":"sdha","kind":"target","name":"SDHA","route":"/targets/sdha/"},{"id":"sh2b3","kind":"target","name":"SH2B3","route":"/targets/sh2b3/"},{"id":"smarca4","kind":"target","name":"SMARCA4","route":"/targets/smarca4/"},{"id":"smarcb1","kind":"target","name":"SMARCB1","route":"/targets/smarcb1/"},{"id":"sqstm1","kind":"target","name":"SQSTM1","route":"/targets/sqstm1/"},{"id":"ss18","kind":"target","name":"SS18","route":"/targets/ss18/"},{"id":"ssx1","kind":"target","name":"SSX1","route":"/targets/ssx1/"},{"id":"ssx2","kind":"target","name":"SSX2","route":"/targets/ssx2/"},{"id":"stag2","kind":"target","name":"STAG2","route":"/targets/stag2/"},{"id":"suz12","kind":"target","name":"SUZ12","route":"/targets/suz12/"},{"id":"tfe3","kind":"target","name":"TFE3","route":"/targets/tfe3/"},{"id":"trrap","kind":"target","name":"TRRAP","route":"/targets/trrap/"},{"id":"tuba1a","kind":"target","name":"TUBA1A","route":"/targets/tuba1a/"},{"id":"tuba1b","kind":"target","name":"TUBA1B","route":"/targets/tuba1b/"},{"id":"tuba1c","kind":"target","name":"TUBA1C","route":"/targets/tuba1c/"},{"id":"tuba3c","kind":"target","name":"TUBA3C","route":"/targets/tuba3c/"},{"id":"tuba3e","kind":"target","name":"TUBA3E","route":"/targets/tuba3e/"},{"id":"tuba4a","kind":"target","name":"TUBA4A","route":"/targets/tuba4a/"},{"id":"tubb1","kind":"target","name":"TUBB1","route":"/targets/tubb1/"},{"id":"tubb2a","kind":"target","name":"TUBB2A","route":"/targets/tubb2a/"},{"id":"tubb2b","kind":"target","name":"TUBB2B","route":"/targets/tubb2b/"},{"id":"tubb3","kind":"target","name":"TUBB3","route":"/targets/tubb3/"},{"id":"tubb4a","kind":"target","name":"TUBB4A","route":"/targets/tubb4a/"},{"id":"tubb4b","kind":"target","name":"TUBB4B","route":"/targets/tubb4b/"},{"id":"tubb6","kind":"target","name":"TUBB6","route":"/targets/tubb6/"},{"id":"tubb8","kind":"target","name":"TUBB8","route":"/targets/tubb8/"},{"id":"usp6","kind":"target","name":"USP6","route":"/targets/usp6/"},{"id":"usp9x","kind":"target","name":"USP9X","route":"/targets/usp9x/"},{"id":"vegf","kind":"target","name":"VEGF / VEGFR","route":"/targets/vegf/"},{"id":"wnk2","kind":"target","name":"WNK2","route":"/targets/wnk2/"},{"id":"wt1","kind":"target","name":"WT1","route":"/targets/wt1/"},{"id":"ywhae","kind":"target","name":"YWHAE","route":"/targets/ywhae/"}],"drug":[{"id":"afamitresgene-autoleucel","kind":"drug","name":"Afamitresgene autoleucel","route":"/drugs/afamitresgene-autoleucel/"},{"id":"aldoxorubicin","kind":"drug","name":"Aldoxorubicin","route":"/drugs/aldoxorubicin/"},{"id":"anlotinib","kind":"drug","name":"Anlotinib","route":"/drugs/anlotinib/"},{"id":"avapritinib","kind":"drug","name":"Avapritinib","route":"/drugs/avapritinib/"},{"id":"crizotinib","kind":"drug","name":"Crizotinib","route":"/drugs/crizotinib/"},{"id":"doxorubicin","kind":"drug","name":"Doxorubicin","route":"/drugs/doxorubicin/"},{"id":"entrectinib","kind":"drug","name":"Entrectinib","route":"/drugs/entrectinib/"},{"id":"eribulin","kind":"drug","name":"Eribulin","route":"/drugs/eribulin/"},{"id":"evofosfamide","kind":"drug","name":"Evofosfamide","route":"/drugs/evofosfamide/"},{"id":"fap-2286","kind":"drug","name":"FAP-2286 (177Lu / 68Ga)","route":"/drugs/fap-2286/"},{"id":"gemcitabine","kind":"drug","name":"Gemcitabine","route":"/drugs/gemcitabine/"},{"id":"gotistobart","kind":"drug","name":"Gotistobart","route":"/drugs/gotistobart/"},{"id":"hs-20093","kind":"drug","name":"HS-20093","route":"/drugs/hs-20093/"},{"id":"ifosfamide","kind":"drug","name":"Ifosfamide","route":"/drugs/ifosfamide/"},{"id":"imatinib","kind":"drug","name":"Imatinib","route":"/drugs/imatinib/"},{"id":"int230-6","kind":"drug","name":"INT230-6","route":"/drugs/int230-6/"},{"id":"larotrectinib","kind":"drug","name":"Larotrectinib","route":"/drugs/larotrectinib/"},{"id":"letetresgene-autoleucel","kind":"drug","name":"Letetresgene autoleucel","route":"/drugs/letetresgene-autoleucel/"},{"id":"nbtxr3","kind":"drug","name":"NBTXR3 (hafnium oxide nanoparticles)","route":"/drugs/nbtxr3/"},{"id":"nirogacestat","kind":"drug","name":"Nirogacestat","route":"/drugs/nirogacestat/"},{"id":"olaratumab","kind":"drug","name":"Olaratumab","route":"/drugs/olaratumab/"},{"id":"pazopanib","kind":"drug","name":"Pazopanib","route":"/drugs/pazopanib/"},{"id":"pegylated-liposomal-doxorubicin","kind":"drug","name":"Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin","route":"/drugs/pegylated-liposomal-doxorubicin/"},{"id":"pembrolizumab","kind":"drug","name":"Pembrolizumab","route":"/drugs/pembrolizumab/"},{"id":"pexidartinib","kind":"drug","name":"Pexidartinib","route":"/drugs/pexidartinib/"},{"id":"propranolol-hemangeol","kind":"drug","name":"Propranolol (Hemangeol)","route":"/drugs/propranolol-hemangeol/"},{"id":"regorafenib","kind":"drug","name":"Regorafenib","route":"/drugs/regorafenib/"},{"id":"ripretinib","kind":"drug","name":"Ripretinib","route":"/drugs/ripretinib/"},{"id":"sirolimus-albumin-bound","kind":"drug","name":"Sirolimus protein-bound particles","route":"/drugs/sirolimus-albumin-bound/"},{"id":"sunitinib","kind":"drug","name":"Sunitinib","route":"/drugs/sunitinib/"},{"id":"t3011","kind":"drug","name":"T3011","route":"/drugs/t3011/"},{"id":"tasonermin","kind":"drug","name":"Tasonermin","route":"/drugs/tasonermin/"},{"id":"tazemetostat","kind":"drug","name":"Tazemetostat","route":"/drugs/tazemetostat/"},{"id":"tbi-1301","kind":"drug","name":"TBI-1301","route":"/drugs/tbi-1301/"},{"id":"trabectedin","kind":"drug","name":"Trabectedin","route":"/drugs/trabectedin/"},{"id":"vimseltinib","kind":"drug","name":"Vimseltinib","route":"/drugs/vimseltinib/"}],"company":[{"id":"adaptimmune","kind":"company","name":"Adaptimmune","route":"/companies/adaptimmune/"},{"id":"adcendo","kind":"company","name":"Adcendo","route":"/companies/adcendo/"},{"id":"advenchen-laboratories","kind":"company","name":"Advenchen Laboratories","route":"/companies/advenchen-laboratories/"},{"id":"aio","kind":"company","name":"AIO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie)","route":"/companies/aio/"},{"id":"alaunos","kind":"company","name":"Alaunos Therapeutics (formerly Ziopharm Oncology)","route":"/companies/alaunos/"},{"id":"blueprint-medicines","kind":"company","name":"Blueprint Medicines","route":"/companies/blueprint-medicines/"},{"id":"cclg","kind":"company","name":"Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group","route":"/companies/cclg/"},{"id":"childrens-oncology-group","kind":"company","name":"Children's Oncology Group (COG)","route":"/companies/childrens-oncology-group/"},{"id":"cogent-biosciences","kind":"company","name":"Cogent Biosciences","route":"/companies/cogent-biosciences/"},{"id":"deciphera","kind":"company","name":"Deciphera Pharmaceuticals (Ono)","route":"/companies/deciphera/"},{"id":"curie-nki-eortc","kind":"company","name":"EORTC","route":"/companies/curie-nki-eortc/"},{"id":"epicentrx","kind":"company","name":"EpicentRx","route":"/companies/epicentrx/"},{"id":"french-sarcoma-group","kind":"company","name":"French Sarcoma Group","route":"/companies/french-sarcoma-group/"},{"id":"gemini-therapeutics","kind":"company","name":"Gemini Therapeutics","route":"/companies/gemini-therapeutics/"},{"id":"gi-innovation","kind":"company","name":"GI Innovation","route":"/companies/gi-innovation/"},{"id":"haihe-biopharma","kind":"company","name":"Haihe Biopharma","route":"/companies/haihe-biopharma/"},{"id":"immatics","kind":"company","name":"Immatics","route":"/companies/immatics/"},{"id":"inhibrx","kind":"company","name":"Inhibrx Biosciences","route":"/companies/inhibrx/"},{"id":"italian-sarcoma-group","kind":"company","name":"Italian Sarcoma Group","route":"/companies/italian-sarcoma-group/"},{"id":"johnson-johnson","kind":"company","name":"Johnson & Johnson","route":"/companies/johnson-johnson/"},{"id":"nanobiotix","kind":"company","name":"Nanobiotix","route":"/companies/nanobiotix/"},{"id":"novartis","kind":"company","name":"Novartis","route":"/companies/novartis/"},{"id":"oncoc4","kind":"company","name":"OncoC4","route":"/companies/oncoc4/"},{"id":"pharmamar","kind":"company","name":"PharmaMar","route":"/companies/pharmamar/"},{"id":"philogen-s-p-a","kind":"company","name":"Philogen S.p.A.","route":"/companies/philogen-s-p-a/"},{"id":"ptc-therapeutics","kind":"company","name":"PTC Therapeutics","route":"/companies/ptc-therapeutics/"},{"id":"pyrexar-medical","kind":"company","name":"Pyrexar Medical","route":"/companies/pyrexar-medical/"},{"id":"qbiotics","kind":"company","name":"QBiotics","route":"/companies/qbiotics/"},{"id":"ranok-therapeutics-hangzhou","kind":"company","name":"Ranok Therapeutics (Hangzhou)","route":"/companies/ranok-therapeutics-hangzhou/"},{"id":"ratio-therapeutics","kind":"company","name":"Ratio Therapeutics","route":"/companies/ratio-therapeutics/"},{"id":"sanofi","kind":"company","name":"Sanofi","route":"/companies/sanofi/"},{"id":"sarc","kind":"company","name":"SARC (Sarcoma Alliance for Research through Collaboration)","route":"/companies/sarc/"},{"id":"scandinavian-sarcoma-group","kind":"company","name":"Scandinavian Sarcoma Group","route":"/companies/scandinavian-sarcoma-group/"},{"id":"shasqi","kind":"company","name":"Shasqi","route":"/companies/shasqi/"},{"id":"springworks","kind":"company","name":"SpringWorks Therapeutics (Merck KGaA)","route":"/companies/springworks/"},{"id":"threshold-pharmaceuticals","kind":"company","name":"Threshold Pharmaceuticals","route":"/companies/threshold-pharmaceuticals/"},{"id":"tracon","kind":"company","name":"Tracon Pharmaceuticals","route":"/companies/tracon/"},{"id":"us-worldmeds","kind":"company","name":"US WorldMeds","route":"/companies/us-worldmeds/"}],"institution":[{"id":"ac-camargo","kind":"institution","name":"A.C. Camargo Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/ac-camargo/"},{"id":"centre-leon-berard","kind":"institution","name":"Centre Léon Bérard","route":"/institutions/centre-leon-berard/"},{"id":"centre-oscar-lambret","kind":"institution","name":"Centre Oscar Lambret","route":"/institutions/centre-oscar-lambret/"},{"id":"cche-57357","kind":"institution","name":"Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357","route":"/institutions/cche-57357/"},{"id":"chris-obrien-lifehouse","kind":"institution","name":"Chris O'Brien Lifehouse","route":"/institutions/chris-obrien-lifehouse/"},{"id":"erasmus-mc","kind":"institution","name":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute","route":"/institutions/erasmus-mc/"},{"id":"int-milan","kind":"institution","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","route":"/institutions/int-milan/"},{"id":"garvan-institute","kind":"institution","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research / Kinghorn Cancer Centre","route":"/institutions/garvan-institute/"},{"id":"gunma-heavy-ion-medical-center","kind":"institution","name":"Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center","route":"/institutions/gunma-heavy-ion-medical-center/"},{"id":"gustave-roussy","kind":"institution","name":"Gustave Roussy","route":"/institutions/gustave-roussy/"},{"id":"institut-bergonie","kind":"institution","name":"Institut Bergonié","route":"/institutions/institut-bergonie/"},{"id":"ipo-lisboa","kind":"institution","name":"Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil","route":"/institutions/ipo-lisboa/"},{"id":"irst-meldola","kind":"institution","name":"IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori 'Dino Amadori' (IRST)","route":"/institutions/irst-meldola/"},{"id":"lumc-leiden","kind":"institution","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","route":"/institutions/lumc-leiden/"},{"id":"nio-warsaw","kind":"institution","name":"Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology","route":"/institutions/nio-warsaw/"},{"id":"md-anderson","kind":"institution","name":"MD Anderson Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/md-anderson/"},{"id":"mskcc","kind":"institution","name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/mskcc/"},{"id":"oslo-radium-hospital","kind":"institution","name":"Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital","route":"/institutions/oslo-radium-hospital/"},{"id":"pku-cancer-hospital","kind":"institution","name":"Peking University Cancer Hospital","route":"/institutions/pku-cancer-hospital/"},{"id":"princess-maxima","kind":"institution","name":"Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology","route":"/institutions/princess-maxima/"},{"id":"qst-hospital","kind":"institution","name":"QST Hospital (National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology)","route":"/institutions/qst-hospital/"},{"id":"sarcoma-oncology-center","kind":"institution","name":"Sarcoma Oncology Center","route":"/institutions/sarcoma-oncology-center/"},{"id":"siop-europe","kind":"institution","name":"SIOP Europe (European Society for Paediatric Oncology)","route":"/institutions/siop-europe/"},{"id":"sso","kind":"institution","name":"Society of Surgical Oncology","route":"/institutions/sso/"},{"id":"sydney-childrens-hospitals-network","kind":"institution","name":"Sydney Children's Hospitals Network / Children's Cancer Institute","route":"/institutions/sydney-childrens-hospitals-network/"},{"id":"tel-aviv-sourasky","kind":"institution","name":"Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center","route":"/institutions/tel-aviv-sourasky/"},{"id":"osu-james","kind":"institution","name":"The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute","route":"/institutions/osu-james/"},{"id":"royal-marsden","kind":"institution","name":"The Royal Marsden","route":"/institutions/royal-marsden/"},{"id":"essen-wtz","kind":"institution","name":"West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen","route":"/institutions/essen-wtz/"}],"term":[{"id":"anthracycline","kind":"term","name":"Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, epirubicin)","route":"/terms/anthracycline/"},{"id":"dose-dense-chemotherapy","kind":"term","name":"Dose-dense and metronomic chemotherapy","route":"/terms/dose-dense-chemotherapy/"},{"id":"fnclcc-grade","kind":"term","name":"FNCLCC grade (soft-tissue sarcoma)","route":"/terms/fnclcc-grade/"},{"id":"sarcoma-histotype-tailoring","kind":"term","name":"Histotype-tailored therapy","route":"/terms/sarcoma-histotype-tailoring/"},{"id":"hla-a02-restriction","kind":"term","name":"HLA-A*02:01 restriction","route":"/terms/hla-a02-restriction/"},{"id":"li-fraumeni","kind":"term","name":"Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53)","route":"/terms/li-fraumeni/"},{"id":"limb-salvage-term","kind":"term","name":"Limb-salvage surgery","route":"/terms/limb-salvage-term/"},{"id":"orr","kind":"term","name":"Objective response rate (ORR)","route":"/terms/orr/"},{"id":"pfs","kind":"term","name":"Progression-free survival (PFS)","route":"/terms/pfs/"},{"id":"rejuv-second-radiotherapy-dose-field-and-age","kind":"term","name":"Radiotherapy and second cancers: field, dose and age at exposure","route":"/terms/rejuv-second-radiotherapy-dose-field-and-age/"},{"id":"retroperitoneum","kind":"term","name":"Retroperitoneum","route":"/terms/retroperitoneum/"},{"id":"sarcoma-type","kind":"term","name":"Sarcoma (tissue type)","route":"/terms/sarcoma-type/"},{"id":"second-primary-sarcoma-in-the-treated-field","kind":"term","name":"Sarcoma in the radiotherapy field, and angiosarcoma of the treated breast","route":"/terms/second-primary-sarcoma-in-the-treated-field/"},{"id":"second-cancers-after-radiotherapy","kind":"term","name":"Second cancers after radiotherapy","route":"/terms/second-cancers-after-radiotherapy/"},{"id":"wide-local-excision","kind":"term","name":"Wide local excision","route":"/terms/wide-local-excision/"}],"trial":[{"id":"nct06298916","kind":"trial","name":"64Cu-LNTH-1363S in Patients With Sarcoma or Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer","route":"/trials/nct06298916/"},{"id":"nct05755113","kind":"trial","name":"A Clinical Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Intratumoral Tigilanol Tiglate in Soft Tissue Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct05755113/"},{"id":"nct05902988","kind":"trial","name":"A Phase I/II Study of VLS-1488 in Subjects With Advanced Cancer","route":"/trials/nct05902988/"},{"id":"nct07602777","kind":"trial","name":"A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Risvutatug Rezetecan in Participants With Advanced Sarcomas (EMBOLD Sarcoma-202)","route":"/trials/nct07602777/"},{"id":"nct04673942","kind":"trial","name":"A Study of AdAPT-001 in Subjects With Sarcoma and Refractory Solid Tumors","route":"/trials/nct04673942/"},{"id":"nct03899792","kind":"trial","name":"A Study of Oral LOXO-292 (Selpercatinib) in Pediatric Participants With Advanced Solid or Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors","route":"/trials/nct03899792/"},{"id":"nct06667544","kind":"trial","name":"A Study of RNK08954 in Subjects With Advanced Solid Tumors With KRAS ((Kirsten Rat Sarcoma) G12D Mutation","route":"/trials/nct06667544/"},{"id":"nct04554914","kind":"trial","name":"A Study to Evaluate Tabelecleucel in Participants With Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) Associated Diseases","route":"/trials/nct04554914/"},{"id":"nct05824975","kind":"trial","name":"A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Therapeutic Activity of GI-102 As a Single Agent and in Combination with Conventional Anti-cancer Drugs, Pembrolizu","route":"/trials/nct05824975/"},{"id":"invincible-3","kind":"trial","name":"A Study to Investigate Efficacy & Safety of Intratumoral INT230-6 Compared to US Standard of Care in Adults With Soft Tissue Sarcomas (INVINCIBLE-3)","route":"/trials/invincible-3/"},{"id":"act-in-sarc","kind":"trial","name":"Act.In.Sarc","route":"/trials/act-in-sarc/"},{"id":"actg-a5263","kind":"trial","name":"ACTG A5263/AMC 066","route":"/trials/actg-a5263/"},{"id":"aews0031","kind":"trial","name":"AEWS0031","route":"/trials/aews0031/"},{"id":"aldoxorubicin-phase-3-sts","kind":"trial","name":"Aldoxorubicin versus investigator's choice in relapsed or refractory soft tissue sarcoma","route":"/trials/aldoxorubicin-phase-3-sts/"},{"id":"ampect","kind":"trial","name":"AMPECT","route":"/trials/ampect/"},{"id":"angiotax","kind":"trial","name":"ANGIOTAX","route":"/trials/angiotax/"},{"id":"announce","kind":"trial","name":"ANNOUNCE","route":"/trials/announce/"},{"id":"nct04785196","kind":"trial","name":"APG-115 in Combination With PD-1 Inhibitor in Patients With Advanced Liposarcoma or Advanced Solid Tumors","route":"/trials/nct04785196/"},{"id":"nct05120271","kind":"trial","name":"BOXR1030 T Cells in Subjects With Advanced GPC3-Positive Solid Tumors","route":"/trials/nct05120271/"},{"id":"cabone","kind":"trial","name":"CABONE","route":"/trials/cabone/"},{"id":"nct06126510","kind":"trial","name":"Clinical Study of VG161 in the Treatment of Advanced Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct06126510/"},{"id":"nct07548177","kind":"trial","name":"Clinical Trials of Benmelstobart Injection Combined With Anlotinib Hydrochloride Capsules in the Treatment of Advanced or Unresectable Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct07548177/"},{"id":"defi","kind":"trial","name":"DeFi","route":"/trials/defi/"},{"id":"nct04733183","kind":"trial","name":"Efficacy and Safety of L19TNF in Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Stage or Metastatic Soft-tissue Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct04733183/"},{"id":"enliven","kind":"trial","name":"ENLIVEN","route":"/trials/enliven/"},{"id":"eortc-62012","kind":"trial","name":"EORTC 62012","route":"/trials/eortc-62012/"},{"id":"euro-ewing-2012","kind":"trial","name":"Euro Ewing 2012","route":"/trials/euro-ewing-2012/"},{"id":"nct06797999","kind":"trial","name":"First-in-Human Study of ADCE-D01 in Soft Tissue Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct06797999/"},{"id":"grid","kind":"trial","name":"GRID","route":"/trials/grid/"},{"id":"ignyte-eso","kind":"trial","name":"IGNYTE-ESO","route":"/trials/ignyte-eso/"},{"id":"insight-gist","kind":"trial","name":"INSIGHT","route":"/trials/insight-gist/"},{"id":"int-0091","kind":"trial","name":"INT-0091 (Ewing sarcoma)","route":"/trials/int-0091/"},{"id":"nct05688280","kind":"trial","name":"Intratumoral Injection of IP-001 Following Thermal Ablation in Patients With CRC, NSCLC, and STS","route":"/trials/nct05688280/"},{"id":"invictus","kind":"trial","name":"INVICTUS","route":"/trials/invictus/"},{"id":"isg-sts-1001","kind":"trial","name":"ISG-STS 1001","route":"/trials/isg-sts-1001/"},{"id":"nct06127407","kind":"trial","name":"Ivosidenib in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Conventional Chondrosarcoma Untreated or Previously Treated With 1 Systemic Treatment Regimen","route":"/trials/nct06127407/"},{"id":"lms-04","kind":"trial","name":"LMS-04","route":"/trials/lms-04/"},{"id":"nct03784014","kind":"trial","name":"Molecular Profiling of Advanced Soft-tissue Sarcomas","route":"/trials/nct03784014/"},{"id":"motion","kind":"trial","name":"MOTION","route":"/trials/motion/"},{"id":"nct07174427","kind":"trial","name":"Multi-center Study of TBI-1301 (INN: Mipetresgene Autoleucel; Mip-cel) in Patients With NY-ESO-1 Positive Synovial Sarcoma","route":"/trials/nct07174427/"},{"id":"navigator","kind":"trial","name":"NAVIGATOR","route":"/trials/navigator/"},{"id":"nct03016819","kind":"trial","name":"Phase III Trial of Anlotinib, Catequentinib in Advanced Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma, Leiomyosarcoma, Synovial Sarcoma (APROMISS)","route":"/trials/nct03016819/"},{"id":"regobone","kind":"trial","name":"REGOBONE","route":"/trials/regobone/"},{"id":"sarc028","kind":"trial","name":"SARC028","route":"/trials/sarc028/"},{"id":"nct04044768","kind":"trial","name":"Spearhead 1 Study in Subjects With Advanced Synovial Sarcoma or Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma","route":"/trials/nct04044768/"},{"id":"ssgxviii","kind":"trial","name":"SSGXVIII/AIO (adjuvant imatinib in GIST)","route":"/trials/ssgxviii/"},{"id":"nct06975293","kind":"trial","name":"STC-15 as a Part of Combination Therapy With Toripalimab in Selected Advanced Cancers and as Monotherapy in Participants With Selected Sarcomas","route":"/trials/nct06975293/"},{"id":"strass","kind":"trial","name":"STRASS (EORTC 62092)","route":"/trials/strass/"},{"id":"tappas","kind":"trial","name":"TAPPAS","route":"/trials/tappas/"},{"id":"nct03213665","kind":"trial","name":"Tazemetostat in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4 Gene Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial)","route":"/trials/nct03213665/"},{"id":"voyager","kind":"trial","name":"VOYAGER","route":"/trials/voyager/"}],"person":[{"id":"alessandro-gronchi","kind":"person","name":"Alessandro Gronchi","route":"/people/alessandro-gronchi/"},{"id":"alice-chen","kind":"person","name":"Alice P. Chen","route":"/people/alice-chen/"},{"id":"andrew-wagner","kind":"person","name":"Andrew J. Wagner","route":"/people/andrew-wagner/"},{"id":"antoine-italiano","kind":"person","name":"Antoine Italiano","route":"/people/antoine-italiano/"},{"id":"brigitte-widemann","kind":"person","name":"Brigitte C. Widemann","route":"/people/brigitte-widemann/"},{"id":"charles-blanke","kind":"person","name":"Charles D. Blanke","route":"/people/charles-blanke/"},{"id":"christopher-vakoc","kind":"person","name":"Christopher R. Vakoc","route":"/people/christopher-vakoc/"},{"id":"crystal-mackall","kind":"person","name":"Crystal L. Mackall","route":"/people/crystal-mackall/"},{"id":"douglas-hawkins","kind":"person","name":"Douglas S. Hawkins","route":"/people/douglas-hawkins/"},{"id":"florence-duffaud","kind":"person","name":"Florence Duffaud","route":"/people/florence-duffaud/"},{"id":"george-demetri","kind":"person","name":"George D. Demetri","route":"/people/george-demetri/"},{"id":"heikki-joensuu","kind":"person","name":"Heikki Joensuu","route":"/people/heikki-joensuu/"},{"id":"iwona-lugowska","kind":"person","name":"Iwona Ługowska","route":"/people/iwona-lugowska/"},{"id":"jean-yves-blay","kind":"person","name":"Jean-Yves Blay","route":"/people/jean-yves-blay/"},{"id":"kate-granger","kind":"person","name":"Kate Granger","route":"/people/kate-granger/"},{"id":"michael-heinrich","kind":"person","name":"Michael C. Heinrich","route":"/people/michael-heinrich/"},{"id":"ryu-min-hee","kind":"person","name":"Min-Hee Ryu","route":"/people/ryu-min-hee/"},{"id":"nicolas-penel","kind":"person","name":"Nicolas Penel","route":"/people/nicolas-penel/"},{"id":"olivier-delattre","kind":"person","name":"Olivier Delattre","route":"/people/olivier-delattre/"},{"id":"patricia-pautier","kind":"person","name":"Patricia Pautier","route":"/people/patricia-pautier/"},{"id":"patrick-schoffski","kind":"person","name":"Patrick Schöffski","route":"/people/patrick-schoffski/"},{"id":"peter-pisters","kind":"person","name":"Peter W. T. Pisters","route":"/people/peter-pisters/"},{"id":"piotr-rutkowski","kind":"person","name":"Piotr Rutkowski","route":"/people/piotr-rutkowski/"},{"id":"robin-jones","kind":"person","name":"Robin L. Jones","route":"/people/robin-jones/"},{"id":"sandra-dangelo","kind":"person","name":"Sandra P. D'Angelo","route":"/people/sandra-dangelo/"},{"id":"sant-chawla","kind":"person","name":"Sant P. Chawla","route":"/people/sant-chawla/"},{"id":"sebastian-bauer","kind":"person","name":"Sebastian Bauer","route":"/people/sebastian-bauer/"},{"id":"takahashi-shunji","kind":"person","name":"Shunji Takahashi","route":"/people/takahashi-shunji/"},{"id":"sid-sijbrandij","kind":"person","name":"Sid Sijbrandij","route":"/people/sid-sijbrandij/"},{"id":"silvia-stacchiotti","kind":"person","name":"Silvia Stacchiotti","route":"/people/silvia-stacchiotti/"},{"id":"stefan-froehling","kind":"person","name":"Stefan Fröhling","route":"/people/stefan-froehling/"},{"id":"sylvie-bonvalot","kind":"person","name":"Sylvie Bonvalot","route":"/people/sylvie-bonvalot/"},{"id":"terry-fox","kind":"person","name":"Terry Fox","route":"/people/terry-fox/"},{"id":"william-tap","kind":"person","name":"William D. Tap","route":"/people/william-tap/"},{"id":"winette-van-der-graaf","kind":"person","name":"Winette T. A. van der Graaf","route":"/people/winette-van-der-graaf/"},{"id":"kang-yoon-koo","kind":"person","name":"Yoon-Koo Kang","route":"/people/kang-yoon-koo/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-moon-funded-second-opinion","kind":"idea","name":"A funded expert second opinion for every new high-stakes or rare cancer diagnosis","route":"/ideas/idea-moon-funded-second-opinion/"},{"id":"idea-fund-nonprofit-pharma","kind":"idea","name":"A non-profit pharmaceutical company for the cancers markets ignore","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-nonprofit-pharma/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-rare-cancer-telepathology-network","kind":"idea","name":"A same-week expert second opinion for every rare cancer diagnosis","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-rare-cancer-telepathology-network/"},{"id":"idea-acc-aya-survivorship-passport","kind":"idea","name":"A survivorship passport app for adolescent and young adult survivors","route":"/ideas/idea-acc-aya-survivorship-passport/"},{"id":"idea-fund-amc-paediatric-rare","kind":"idea","name":"Advance market commitments for paediatric and rare cancer drugs","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-amc-paediatric-rare/"},{"id":"idea-data-paediatric-rwe-consortium","kind":"idea","name":"An international consortium pooling the outcome of every treated child with cancer","route":"/ideas/idea-data-paediatric-rwe-consortium/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-rare-tumour-model-bank","kind":"idea","name":"An open model bank for the rare tumours nobody has models for","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-rare-tumour-model-bank/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-rare-cancer-organoid-bank","kind":"idea","name":"An open organoid bank for cancers too rare to have models","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-rare-cancer-organoid-bank/"},{"id":"idea-ecdna-targeting","kind":"idea","name":"Attack extrachromosomal DNA, the engine of oncogene amplification","route":"/ideas/idea-ecdna-targeting/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-fusion-tf-degraders","kind":"idea","name":"Degraders for the fusion proteins that drive childhood sarcomas","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-fusion-tf-degraders/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-paediatric-first-development","kind":"idea","name":"Develop drugs in children first when the target is a children's target","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-paediatric-first-development/"},{"id":"idea-fund-paediatric-deferral-escrow","kind":"idea","name":"Escrow a share of adult revenue until the paediatric study is done","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-paediatric-deferral-escrow/"},{"id":"idea-tcr-t-beyond-hla-a2","kind":"idea","name":"Extending sarcoma TCR-T beyond HLA-A*02","route":"/ideas/idea-tcr-t-beyond-hla-a2/"},{"id":"idea-fap-theranostics-pancancer","kind":"idea","name":"FAP theranostics as a pan-cancer stromal strategy","route":"/ideas/idea-fap-theranostics-pancancer/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-mechanism-defined-baskets","kind":"idea","name":"Group trials by broken mechanism, not by organ or single mutation","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-mechanism-defined-baskets/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-tertiary-lymphoid-induction","kind":"idea","name":"Grow immune command posts inside tumours","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-tertiary-lymphoid-induction/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-implantable-microdevice-screen","kind":"idea","name":"Implant a tiny device that tests twenty drugs inside the patient's own tumour","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-implantable-microdevice-screen/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-inhaled-lung-niche-immunotherapy","kind":"idea","name":"Inhaled immune therapy to make the lung hostile to arriving tumour cells","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-inhaled-lung-niche-immunotherapy/"},{"id":"idea-desmoid-intermittent-dosing","kind":"idea","name":"Intermittent or stop-and-restart nirogacestat in desmoid tumours","route":"/ideas/idea-desmoid-intermittent-dosing/"},{"id":"idea-tr1-age-floor-twelve-for-adult-trials","kind":"idea","name":"Let adolescents from age 12 into adult trials when the cancer biology is the same","route":"/ideas/idea-tr1-age-floor-twelve-for-adult-trials/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-patient-partnered-rare-commons","kind":"idea","name":"Let patients themselves donate their records and samples for ultra-rare cancers","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-patient-partnered-rare-commons/"},{"id":"idea-acc-national-virtual-mdt-rare-complex","kind":"idea","name":"Mandatory national virtual tumour boards for rare and complex cancers","route":"/ideas/idea-acc-national-virtual-mdt-rare-complex/"},{"id":"idea-fund-milestone-venture-philanthropy","kind":"idea","name":"Milestone-based venture philanthropy with royalties recycled into the pipeline","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-milestone-venture-philanthropy/"},{"id":"idea-moon-rare-cancer-global-network","kind":"idea","name":"One global rare cancer network with n-of-1 and Bayesian trial frameworks","route":"/ideas/idea-moon-rare-cancer-global-network/"},{"id":"idea-data-cross-border-rare-cancer-pool","kind":"idea","name":"One legal framework for pooling rare cancer data across borders","route":"/ideas/idea-data-cross-border-rare-cancer-pool/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-rare-cancer-umbrella-platform","kind":"idea","name":"One standing umbrella trial for all rare cancers in a country","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-rare-cancer-umbrella-platform/"},{"id":"idea-moon-open-source-oncology-drug-discovery","kind":"idea","name":"Open-source drug discovery to clinical proof of concept for neglected cancers","route":"/ideas/idea-moon-open-source-oncology-drug-discovery/"},{"id":"idea-fund-neglected-cancer-lottery","kind":"idea","name":"Partial lottery funding for good proposals in under-funded cancers","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-neglected-cancer-lottery/"},{"id":"idea-fund-open-source-repurposing-leads","kind":"idea","name":"Patent-free open-source development of repurposed and off-patent cancer drugs","route":"/ideas/idea-fund-open-source-repurposing-leads/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-rare-cancer-prize-fund","kind":"idea","name":"Pay a prize for rare cancer drugs instead of hoping for a market","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-rare-cancer-prize-fund/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-comparative-oncology-dogs","kind":"idea","name":"Pet dogs with spontaneous cancer as a bridge before human trials","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-comparative-oncology-dogs/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-registry-embedded-randomisation","kind":"idea","name":"Randomise inside the registry that already follows every patient","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-registry-embedded-randomisation/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-functional-precision-rare","kind":"idea","name":"Test drugs on the patient's own cancer cells when there is no trial to join","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-functional-precision-rare/"},{"id":"idea-tr1-pathology-triggered-referral","kind":"idea","name":"The pathology lab triggers a trial referral the day a rare cancer is diagnosed","route":"/ideas/idea-tr1-pathology-triggered-referral/"},{"id":"idea-tr1-rare-cancer-trial-in-a-box","kind":"idea","name":"Trial-in-a-box: a preconfigured protocol kit any hospital can open for a rare cancer","route":"/ideas/idea-tr1-rare-cancer-trial-in-a-box/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-in-situ-vaccination-solid","kind":"idea","name":"Turn one tumour into a vaccine to treat all the others","route":"/ideas/idea-bio2-in-situ-vaccination-solid/"},{"id":"idea-prev-li-fraumeni-mri-plus-cfdna","kind":"idea","name":"Whole-body MRI plus blood DNA surveillance for people with Li-Fraumeni syndrome","route":"/ideas/idea-prev-li-fraumeni-mri-plus-cfdna/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"p53-cell-cycle","kind":"pathway","name":"p53 / RB / cell-cycle checkpoint","route":"/pathways/p53-cell-cycle/"},{"id":"swi-snf-chromatin","kind":"pathway","name":"SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling","route":"/pathways/swi-snf-chromatin/"},{"id":"cell-cycle-engine-cdks","kind":"pathway","name":"The cell-cycle engine (cyclins & CDKs)","route":"/pathways/cell-cycle-engine-cdks/"},{"id":"p53-mdm2-axis","kind":"pathway","name":"The p53 network (guardian of the genome)","route":"/pathways/p53-mdm2-axis/"}],"bottleneck":[{"id":"b-rare-cancers","kind":"bottleneck","name":"Rare and paediatric cancers without markets","route":"/bottlenecks/b-rare-cancers/"},{"id":"b-undruggable-targets","kind":"bottleneck","name":"The undruggable drivers","route":"/bottlenecks/b-undruggable-targets/"},{"id":"b-dose-optimisation","kind":"bottleneck","name":"Wrong doses","route":"/bottlenecks/b-dose-optimisation/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-aews0031-interval-compressed-chemotherapy-ewing-womer-jco-2012","kind":"paper","name":"AEWS0031: randomised trial of interval-compressed chemotherapy for localised Ewing sarcoma","route":"/key-papers/paper-aews0031-interval-compressed-chemotherapy-ewing-womer-jco-2012/"},{"id":"paper-act-in-sarc-lancet-oncol-2019","kind":"paper","name":"NBTXR3, a first-in-class radioenhancer hafnium oxide nanoparticle, plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (Act.In.Sarc): a multicentre, phase 2-3, randomised, controlled trial","route":"/key-papers/paper-act-in-sarc-lancet-oncol-2019/"},{"id":"paper-spearhead-1-lancet-2024","kind":"paper","name":"SPEARHEAD-1: afamitresgene autoleucel, the first engineered T-cell receptor therapy approved for a solid tumour, in synovial sarcoma","route":"/key-papers/paper-spearhead-1-lancet-2024/"}],"biomarker":[{"id":"ntrk-fusion","kind":"biomarker","name":"NTRK1/2/3 gene fusion","route":"/biomarkers/ntrk-fusion/"}]}}