{"entity":{"id":"s100b","kind":"target","name":"S100B","aka":["S100 calcium binding protein B","S100beta"],"tldr":"S100B (S100 calcium binding protein B) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.","summary":"Small zinc- and- and calcium-binding protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes and constitutes one of the most abundant soluble proteins in brain. Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer. Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonise the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:10500","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:10500"},{"label":"UniProt P04271","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04271/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 6285","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6285"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000160307","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000160307"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.","Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Lipofibromatosis-like Neural Tumour."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"S100B","role":["biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:10500","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:10500","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P04271","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04271/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene S100B","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/5087","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Lipofibromatosis-like Neural Tumour (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"distribution":"not-established","specificityNote":"Specificity not established: no corpus medicine is aimed at it and the catalogues give it only the role biomarker; HPA finds the RNA tissue enriched, which says where the protein sits but not whether the tumour differs from normal tissue. HPA S100B: RNA tissue enriched (brain 4,757 nTPM); blood lineage lineage enriched (T-cells 362 nTPM); high antibody staining in 8 normal tissues; highest cancer staining breast cancer (6 of 12 high). Distribution: no corpus cancer carries a prevalence row, threshold or catalogue link for it; Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (No rule of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts fired.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas S100B tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000160307-S100B/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000160307 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000160307/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:10500","ensembl":"ENSG00000160307","uniprot":"P04271","entrez":"6285","firstDescribed":1985,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Jensen et al, J. Neurochem, 1985, \"Characterization of human brain S100 protein fraction: amino acid sequence of S100 beta\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4031854/","biology":"Small zinc- and- and calcium-binding protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes and constitutes one of the most abundant soluble proteins in brain. Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer. Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonise the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites. Acts as a neurotrophic factor that promotes astrocytosis and axonal proliferation. Involved in innervation of thermogenic adipose tissue by acting as an adipocyte-derived neurotrophic factor that promotes sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue. Binds to and initiates the activation of STK38 by releasing autoinhibitory intramolecular interactions within the kinase. Location: Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Secreted (UniProt). Locus 21q22.3 (HGNC).","whereFound":[],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/s100b/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}]}}