{"entity":{"id":"rras2","kind":"target","name":"RRAS2","aka":["RAS related 2","Ras-related protein R-Ras2","TC21"],"tldr":"RRAS2 (Ras-related protein R-Ras2) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Endometrial cancer, Ovarian cancer and Breast cancer.","summary":"GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity, involved in the regulation of MAPK signalling pathway and thereby controlling multiple cellular processes. Regulates craniofacial development.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.76 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes genetic literature 0.61, literature 0.93, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.88, animal model 0.30). IntOGen calls it a driver in 2 cohorts (2 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Endometrial Carcinoma.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:17271","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:17271"},{"label":"UniProt P62070","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P62070/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 22800","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/22800"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000133818","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000133818"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["endometrial","ovarian","breast-cancer"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 2 cohorts; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"RRAS2","role":["oncogene-driver","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:17271","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:17271","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P62070","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P62070/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene RRAS2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/9054","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases:  (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000133818","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000133818/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.76; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: ovarian cancer 0.58, endometrial cancer 0.51, breast cancer 0.52 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen RRAS2","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=RRAS2","note":"driver in 2 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 0); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"specificity":"tumour-specific","distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it an oncogene driver (IntOGen cohort analysis finds it activated more often than chance); what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA RRAS2: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 3 normal tissues; highest cancer staining testis cancer (1 of 11 high). Distribution: 3 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Endometrial cancer, Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"UniProt P62070","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P62070/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene RRAS2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/9054","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases:  (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen RRAS2","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=RRAS2","note":"driver in 2 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 0); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas RRAS2 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000133818-RRAS2/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000133818 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000133818/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:17271","ensembl":"ENSG00000133818","uniprot":"P62070","entrez":"22800","firstDescribed":1990,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Drivas G.T. et al, Mol. Cell. Biol, 1990, \"Characterization of four novel ras-like genes expressed in a human teratocarcinoma cell line\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2108320/","biology":"GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity, involved in the regulation of MAPK signalling pathway and thereby controlling multiple cellular processes. Regulates craniofacial development. Location: Cell membrane; Golgi apparatus membrane (UniProt). Locus 11p15.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Endometrial cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with endometrial cancer (MONDO_0011962); IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (UCEC)","Ovarian cancer: Open Targets association 0.58 with ovarian cancer (MONDO_0008170)","Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.52 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254)"],"targetClass":"oncogene","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/rras2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"endometrial","kind":"cancer","name":"Endometrial cancer","route":"/cancers/endometrial/"},{"id":"ovarian","kind":"cancer","name":"Ovarian cancer","route":"/cancers/ovarian/"}]}}