{"entity":{"id":"rad51d","kind":"target","name":"RAD51D","aka":["RAD51 paralog D","DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4","R51H3","Trad","HsTRAD","RAD51L3"],"tldr":"RAD51D (DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, a biomarker and a DNA repair gene, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer and 3 more.","summary":"Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. Bind to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and has DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Part of the RAD51 paralog protein complex BCDX2 which acts in the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent HR pathway.\n\nCIViC holds 2 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 2 variants, naming Olaparib. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.86 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes genetic literature 0.88, affected pathway 0.87, literature 0.86, genetic association 0.87, somatic mutation 0.86).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9823","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9823"},{"label":"UniProt O75771","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O75771/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5892","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5892"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000185379","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000185379"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["ovarian","breast-cancer","gastric","prostate","colorectal","brain-tumours"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; CIViC holds 2 clinical evidence items on its variants; UniProt keyword \"DNA repair\". Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"RAD51D","role":["drug-target","biomarker","dna-repair"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9823","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9823","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt O75771","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O75771/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene RAD51D","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/4765","note":"2 evidence items, 0 assertions, 2 variants; diseases: Breast Cancer, Castration-resistant Prostate Carcinoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000185379","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000185379/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.86; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.59, gastric cancer 0.64, ovarian cancer 0.80, brain cancer 0.51, breast cancer 0.78 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"germline-variant","distribution":"many-types","specificityNote":"Germline variant: UniProt lists Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, 4 (BROVCA4) under involvement in disease, and the record is a DNA repair gene; the medicines linked to it act through the loss (synthetic lethality) or use the variant to pick patients. HPA RAD51D: RNA low tissue specificity; no normal tissue stained high. Distribution: 6 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer (all types), Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer, Prostate cancer, Colorectal cancer, Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 8 specific cancer types at or above 0.5 (hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome, ovarian cancer, ovarian carcinoma, RAD51D-related cancer predisposition, hereditary neoplastic syndrome, gastric cancer and more). (Rule 2 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"UniProt O75771","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O75771/entry","note":"involvement in disease"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas RAD51D tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000185379-RAD51D/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000185379 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000185379/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:9823","ensembl":"ENSG00000185379","uniprot":"O75771","entrez":"5892","firstDescribed":1998,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Cartwright et al, Nucleic Acids Res, 1998, \"Isolation of novel human and mouse genes of the recA/RAD51 recombination-repair gene family\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9512535/","biology":"Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. Bind to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and has DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Part of the RAD51 paralog protein complex BCDX2 which acts in the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent HR pathway. Upon DNA damage, BCDX2 acts downstream of BRCA2 recruitment and upstream of RAD51 recruitment. BCDX2 binds predominantly to the intersection of the four duplex arms of the Holliday junction and to junction of replication forks. The BCDX2 complex was originally reported to bind single-stranded DNA, single-stranded gaps in duplex DNA and specifically to nicks in duplex DNA. Location: Nucleus; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome; Chromosome, telomere (UniProt). Locus 17q12 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Ovarian cancer: Open Targets association 0.80 with ovarian cancer (MONDO_0008170)","Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.78 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254); CIViC evidence names this disease","Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: Open Targets association 0.64 with gastric cancer (MONDO_0001056)","Prostate cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.59 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575)","Brain and spinal cord tumours: Open Targets association 0.51 with brain cancer (MONDO_0001657)"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/rad51d/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"brain-tumours","kind":"cancer","name":"Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types)","route":"/cancers/brain-tumours/"},{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"gastric","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer","route":"/cancers/gastric/"},{"id":"ovarian","kind":"cancer","name":"Ovarian cancer","route":"/cancers/ovarian/"},{"id":"prostate","kind":"cancer","name":"Prostate cancer","route":"/cancers/prostate/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-wardell-biliary-drivers-germline-j-hepatol-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Genomic characterization of biliary tract cancers identifies driver genes and predisposing mutations","route":"/key-papers/paper-wardell-biliary-drivers-germline-j-hepatol-2018/"},{"id":"paper-pritchard-inherited-dna-repair-metastatic-prostate-nejm-2016","kind":"paper","name":"Inherited DNA-repair gene mutations in men with metastatic prostate cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-pritchard-inherited-dna-repair-metastatic-prostate-nejm-2016/"},{"id":"paper-couch-tnbc-germline-17-genes-jco-2015","kind":"paper","name":"Inherited mutations in 17 breast cancer susceptibility genes among a large triple-negative breast cancer cohort unselected for family history of breast cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-couch-tnbc-germline-17-genes-jco-2015/"},{"id":"paper-shimelis-tnbc-risk-genes-jnci-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer risk genes identified by multigene hereditary cancer panel testing","route":"/key-papers/paper-shimelis-tnbc-risk-genes-jnci-2018/"}],"biomarker":[{"id":"hrr-gene-mutation","kind":"biomarker","name":"Homologous recombination repair gene mutation in prostate cancer","route":"/biomarkers/hrr-gene-mutation/"}]}}