{"entity":{"id":"proliferation","kind":"term","name":"Proliferation","aka":["proliferate","proliferating","proliferative","cell proliferation","anti-proliferative","antiproliferative","Ki-67","Ki67","proliferates"],"tldr":"Rapid multiplication of cells. A tumour's proliferation rate, often measured by the marker Ki-67, tells you how fast it is growing and how it may respond to treatment.","summary":"Proliferation is the net result of cell division outpacing cell death; in a healthy tissue the two are balanced, and a tumour is a tissue where the balance has tipped. Pathologists estimate it by counting cells in mitosis or staining for Ki-67, a protein present only in dividing cells; a high index means an aggressive tumour that may respond well to chemotherapy but relapse quickly, a low index a slower tumour that may suit hormone therapy or watchful waiting. 'Sustaining proliferative signalling' is the first hallmark of cancer, and 'anti-proliferative' describes any drug that slows division rather than killing cells outright.","asOf":"2026-09-09","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_proliferation","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_proliferation"}],"tags":[],"related":["cell-division","cell-cycle","growth-signal","tumour-grade","sustaining-proliferative-signaling"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Biology basics"},"route":"/terms/proliferation/","neighbours":{"term":[{"id":"cell-cycle","kind":"term","name":"Cell cycle","route":"/terms/cell-cycle/"},{"id":"cell-division","kind":"term","name":"Cell division","route":"/terms/cell-division/"},{"id":"tumour-grade","kind":"term","name":"Grade","route":"/terms/tumour-grade/"},{"id":"growth-signal","kind":"term","name":"Growth signal","route":"/terms/growth-signal/"},{"id":"sustaining-proliferative-signaling","kind":"term","name":"Hallmark: sustaining proliferative signalling","route":"/terms/sustaining-proliferative-signaling/"},{"id":"mipi","kind":"term","name":"MIPI (Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index)","route":"/terms/mipi/"}],"target":[{"id":"mki67","kind":"target","name":"Ki-67 (MKI67)","route":"/targets/mki67/"}],"biomarker":[{"id":"ki-67-index","kind":"biomarker","name":"Ki-67 index (proliferation by IHC)","route":"/biomarkers/ki-67-index/"}]}}